ὕπνος G5258
hypnos -- sleep; natural physical rest, sometimes used figuratively for spiritual dullness or death
The noun hypnos ('sleep') -- source of English 'hypnosis' -- denotes the natural state of physical rest and unconsciousness. In the New Testament it appears in both literal and figuratively charged contexts. Joseph awakes from sleep (hypnos) after receiving the angelic message about Mary (Matt 1:24). The disciples are 'heavy with sleep' on the Mount of Transfiguration (Luke 9:32). Jesus clarifies that Lazarus' 'sleep' is actually death (John 11:13). The young Eutychus sinks into 'deep sleep' (bathys hypnos) during Paul's lengthy sermon and falls from the third story (Acts 20:9). Romans 13:11 uses it metaphorically: 'it is the hour to awake from sleep.' French sommeil, Spanish sueno, and German Schlaf all map uniformly to this core concept.
Senses
1. sleep — Natural physical sleep or slumber, encompassing both ordinary rest and its figurative extensions to spiritual lethargy and the euphemism of death. Joseph awakes from hypnos after the angelic dream (Matt 1:24); disciples are weighed down with sleep at the Transfiguration (Luke 9:32); Jesus distinguishes Lazarus' death-sleep from ordinary hypnos (John 11:13); Eutychus succumbs to deep sleep during Paul's sermon (Acts 20:9); and Romans 13:11 deploys it as a metaphor for spiritual dullness. French sommeil, Spanish sueno, and German Schlaf converge uniformly, confirming a single lexical sense with contextual extensions. 6×
AR["-النَّوْمِ", "النَّوْمِ", "بِالنَّوْمِ", "بِنَوْمٍ", "نَوْمِ"]·ben["ঘুম", "ঘুম,", "ঘুমে", "ঘুমের"]·DE["Schlaf", "ὕπνου", "ὕπνῳ"]·EN["sleep", "with-sleep"]·FR["sommeil"]·heb["בְּשֵׁנָה", "בִּשְׁנַת", "הַשֵּׁנָה", "שֵׁנָה"]·HI["नींद", "नींद-से"]·ID["dalam-kantuk", "kantuk", "tidur", "tidur,"]·IT["sonno", "upno", "upnou"]·jav["ngantuk", "sare", "sarean", "saré", "saré,", "tilèm,"]·KO["수면의", "잠", "잠에", "잠에서", "잠으로부터"]·PT["de-sono", "por-sono", "sono", "sono,"]·RU["во-сон", "пробудиться", "сна", "сна,", "сном"]·ES["de-sueño", "por-sueño", "sueño"]·SW["usingizi"]·TR["uykudan", "uykunun", "uykusunun", "uykuya", "uykuyla;"]·urd["آرام", "نیند", "نیند-سے", "نیند-میں"]
Related Senses
H7200 1. Qal: to see, perceive (1257×)G4771 2. you (singular address) (1077×)H8085 1. Qal: hear, perceive aurally (921×)H0859a 1. you (2nd person masculine singular pronoun) (743×)H0398 1. eat (consume food) (697×)H4191 1. die (Qal: natural/general death) (645×)G3708 1. see, perceive visually (419×)G0191 1. hear, perceive sound (360×)H???? 3. (352×)G3708 2. behold, look (exclamatory) (256×)H7272 1. foot (body part) (236×)H8354 1. drink, consume liquid (209×)H3205 1. Qal active: bear/give birth (female subject) (204×)H3205 2. Qal active: beget/father (male subject) (198×)H2421 1. Qal: live, be alive (177×)H8085 2. Qal: listen, heed, pay attention (172×)H2416a 1. alive, living (state/attribute) (146×)H2416e 1. life, lifespan, lifetime (145×)G2198 1. be alive, have life (133×)H8193 1. lip, lips (body part) (123×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
ὕπνος, ὁ, sleep, slumber, Refs 8th c.BC+; of the sleep of death, κοιμήσατο χάλκεον ὕ. Refs 8th c.BC+ — Special phrases: __I of going to sleep, μιν ἐπήλυθε.. ὕ. Refs 8th c.BC+; ἐν ὕπνῳ or ὕπνῳ πεσεῖν to fall a-sleep, Refs 5th c.BC+; οὐχ ὕπνῳ γ᾽ ἐνδόντα (so Badham for εὕδοντά) μ᾽ ἐξεγείρετε Refs; also ὕπνῳ δεδμημένος, δαμείς, Refs 8th c.BC+; νικώμενος, κρατηθεῖσ᾽, Refs 5th c.BC+ __I.2 of waking…