ὑπέχω G5254
To undergo, endure, suffer; to bear punishment or consequences, especially divine judgment
This verb originally meant to hold under or hold out, but developed the sense of undergoing or enduring something, especially punishment or suffering. Jude 1:7 uses it to describe Sodom and Gomorrah 'undergoing' the punishment of eternal fire as an example of divine judgment. The cities continue to experience the consequences of their sin as a warning to others. The participle suggests ongoing endurance of judgment, not just a past event but a continuing state.
Senses
1. sense 1 — In Jude 7, Sodom and Gomorrah 'serve as an example by undergoing the punishment of eternal fire.' The participle describes the cities enduring (Spanish 'sufriendo,' suffering) ongoing divine judgment as a visible warning. The verb suggests not merely past destruction but present, continuing experience of punishment—the ruined cities stand as permanent exhibits of God's wrath against sexual immorality. French 'subissant' (undergoing) and German 'erleidend' (suffering) both capture this sense of bearing the consequences of divine justice. 1×
amh["እየተቀበሉ"]·AR["تحمل"]·ben["ভোগকারী"]·ces["snášejíce"]·dan["lidende."]·DE["erleidend"]·ell["υπέχουσαι."]·EN["undergoing"]·FR["subissant."]·guj["ભોગવતાં."]·hat["sibi"]·hau["suna-sha"]·heb["נושאות"]·HI["भोगते-हुए।"]·hun["elszenvedők"]·ID["sambil-menanggung"]·IT["subendo"]·jav["nandhang"]·JA["受けている者たち"]·KO["받으며"]·mar["भोगणाऱ्या।"]·mya["ခံစားလျက်"]·nld["ondergaande"]·nor["lidende"]·pnb["بھگتدیاں"]·pol["ponosząc"]·PT["sofrendo"]·ron["suferind."]·RU["претерпевая"]·ES["sufriendo."]·SW["zikipata"]·swe["lidande"]·tam["அனுபவிக்கின்றன"]·tel["అనుభవించుచున్నవి"]·tgl["nagdurusa"]·TH["รับ"]·TR["çekerek."]·ukr["несучи"]·urd["بھگتنے-والے"]·VI["chịu"]·yor["tí-wọ́n-ń-jìyà."]·yue["承受"]·ZH["承受着"]
Related Senses
H4941 1. justice, righteousness (134×)H4941 2. judgment, judicial decision (119×)H4941 3. ordinances, statutes (plural) (110×)H8199 1. to judge, adjudicate (98×)G2919 1. judge, pass judgment (76×)H8199 2. judge (person, office-holder) (61×)G2920 1. judgment / condemnation (48×)H7378 1. Qal: quarrel, contend, strive (42×)H4941 4. prescribed ordinance, regulation (34×)G1832 1. it is lawful, it is permitted (32×)G2917 1. judgment, condemnation (27×)G2919 2. be judged, stand trial (27×)H5360 1. vengeance, retribution (27×)H7378 2. Qal: plead, defend, litigate (22×)G2723 1. accuse, bring charges against (20×)G2923 1. judge (one who judges/decides) (19×)G2632 1. condemn, pass judgment against (18×)H1777 1. judge, adjudicate (18×)H1576 1. recompense, retribution (17×)H5359 1. vengeance, retribution (17×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
ὑπέχω, future ὑφέξω Refs 5th c.BC+aorist ὑπέσχον, poetry also ὑπέσχεθον, Aeolic dialect infinitive ὐποσκέθην Refs 4th c.BC+:—hold under, __a put a mare under or to a horse, ὑποσχὼν θήλεας ἵππους Refs 8th c.BC+ __b of holding out the hand to receive something, ὑπέσχεθε χεῖρα Refs; προτείνειν καὶ ὑ. [τὴν χεῖρα], to receive bribes, Refs 4th c.BC+: proverbial of a greedy person, ὑ. τὴν χεῖρα…