σύν-τριμμα G4938
fracture, ruin, destruction (physical breaking or calamitous collapse)
Paul chains Isaiah passages to depict humanity's moral devastation, culminating in 'ruin' on their paths—the wreckage left by violence. The noun denotes fracture or shattering, used in LXX for calamity. Spanish 'destrucción' and French 'brisé' (broken) capture the aftermath imagery: not the violence itself but the broken landscape it leaves. The term shifts from medical (fracture) to moral (devastation), mapping physical ruin onto ethical chaos.
Senses
1. sense 1 — Rom 3:16 lists 'ruin and misery' as marks of humanity's path, quoting Isa 59:7. The term denotes the aftermath of violence—the shattered lives, broken communities, and wreckage sin leaves behind. English 'ruin' and Spanish 'destrucción' preserve the calamity sense, distinguishing destruction's result from its cause, essential to Paul's indictment of universal sin. 1×
AR["سَحقٌ"]·ben["ধ্বংস"]·DE["Zerbruch"]·EN["ruin"]·FR["brisé"]·heb["שֶׁבֶר"]·HI["विनाश"]·ID["kebinasaan"]·IT["rottura"]·jav["karisakan"]·KO["파멸"]·PT["destruição"]·RU["разрушение"]·ES["destrucción"]·SW["uharibifu"]·TR["yıkım"]·urd["تباہی"]
Related Senses
H4421 1. war, battle, armed conflict (319×)H0341 1. enemy, adversary, foe (284×)H3898a 1. Nifal: to fight, wage war (167×)H2026 1. kill, slay (active) (146×)H2451 1. wisdom, discernment (146×)H5483b 1. horse (the animal) (138×)H0006 1. to perish, be destroyed (105×)H7843 1. Hifil: destroy, annihilate (83×)H2491a 1. slain, fatally pierced (74×)H6862c 1. adversary, enemy, foe (69×)H8045 1. destroy, exterminate (69×)G0615 1. kill, put to death (60×)H6571b 1. horseman, cavalryman (52×)H8077a 1. desolation, waste (abstract state) (52×)G4678 1. of wisdom (51×)G4717 1. crucify, fasten to a cross (46×)H2763a 1. utterly destroy (Hifil active) (44×)G0622 1. perish, be destroyed (intransitive) (41×)H0006 2. to destroy, annihilate (Piel) (38×)H8074 1. be desolate, lie waste (36×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
σύν-τριμμα, ατος, τό, fracture, LXX+4th c.BC+; abrasion, Refs 1st c.AD+ __II affliction, ruin, LXX __III collection, ἁμαρτωλῶν ἀνθρώπων (variant{σύστρεμμα}, which see)LXX