πρόσκομμα G4348
proskomma -- a stumbling block, obstacle, or cause of spiritual offense
The neuter noun proskomma (from proskopto, 'to strike against') denotes something that causes someone to stumble, trip, or fall. In the New Testament it operates almost entirely in the metaphorical-spiritual register: Christ is 'the stone of stumbling' to unbelieving Israel (Rom 9:32-33, quoting Isa 8:14), and Paul warns believers not to place a stumbling block before a weaker brother by exercising liberty carelessly (Rom 14:13, 20; 1 Cor 8:9). The image is vivid -- a rock in the path that catches the unwary foot. Spanish tropiezo, French pierre d'achoppement, and German Anstoss all preserve this concrete-yet-metaphorical obstacle imagery.
Senses
1. stumbling block, obstacle, cause of offense — A stumbling block or obstacle that causes someone to trip and fall, used metaphorically in the NT for anything that causes spiritual offense or leads another into sin. Christ himself is called 'the stone of stumbling' for unbelieving Israel (Rom 9:32-33, drawing on Isa 8:14 and 28:16), while Paul urges believers not to put a proskomma before a weaker brother (Rom 14:13, 20; 1 Cor 8:9). Spanish tropiezo and French pierre d'achoppement both retain the physical stumbling metaphor, while German Anstoss captures the sense of an offensive shock. All six occurrences share this single figurative-obstacle sense. 6×
AR["الْعَثْرَةِ", "عَثرَةٍ", "عَثْرَةً", "عَثْرَةٍ"]·ben["প্রতিবন্ধক", "বাধা", "বাধাতে", "বাধার", "হোঁচটের"]·DE["Anstoss"]·EN["a-stumbling-block", "of-stumbling", "stumbling", "stumbling-block"]·FR["Anstoss", "pierre-d'achoppement"]·heb["מִכְשׁוֹל", "נֶגֶף"]·HI["ठोकर", "ठोकर-का", "ठोकर-से"]·ID["batu-sandungan", "sandungan"]·IT["pietra-d'inciampo", "proskommatos"]·jav["saking-kesandhung", "sandhungan", "sandhungan,", "sandungan"]·KO["걸려-넘어지는-것이", "걸림돌을", "걸림을", "부딪침의"]·PT["de-tropeço", "de-tropeço,", "tropeço"]·RU["-брату", "преткновением", "преткновения"]·ES["de-tropiezo", "tropiezo"]·SW["kikwazo", "kujikwaa", "la-kujikwaa", "ukawa-kikwazo"]·TR["engel", "engelle", "olur", "sendelemenin", "tökezlemenin"]·urd["ٹھوکر", "ٹھوکر-کا", "ٹھوکر-کھانے-کا", "ٹھوکر-کے"]
Related Senses
H7965 1. peace, absence of conflict (198×)H3467 1. save, deliver, rescue (Hifil active) (156×)H5127 1. flee, run away (Qal) (144×)G1515 1. peace, well-being, harmony (93×)H8002 1. peace offering(s) (87×)G4982 1. save spiritually, grant salvation (79×)H3444 1. salvation, deliverance (67×)H4422 1. Nifal: escape, flee (63×)H1272 1. flee, run away (Qal) (58×)H6869b 1. distress, trouble (57×)G4991 1. of salvation (46×)G2347 1. tribulation, affliction, distress (45×)H0983 1. security, safety, confidence (42×)H6031b 1. Piel: afflict, oppress (42×)H6040 1. affliction, misery, suffering (36×)H3468 1. salvation, deliverance (33×)G5343 1. flee, run away (28×)H3467 2. savior, deliverer (Hifil participle substantive) (28×)H8668 1. salvation, deliverance (27×)H8252 1. be quiet, be at rest (26×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
πρόσκομμα, ατος, τό, (προσκόπτω) stumble, λίθου πρόσκομμα LXX; ὁ λίθος τοῦ π. NT: hence, offence, obstacle, hindrance, LXX+NT __II result of stumbling, bruise, hurt, προσκομμάτων ἀπόλυσις Refs 1st c.AD+