παραβαίνω G3845
to transgress, to go beyond or violate a boundary, to break a command or tradition
Originally meaning to go beside or stand beside, this verb evolved to mean transgressing or going beyond proper boundaries. The Pharisees accuse Jesus' disciples of transgressing 'the tradition of the elders' (Matt 15:2), and Jesus turns the accusation back, asking why they transgress God's commandment for their tradition (Matt 15:3). Judas 'turned aside' from his apostolic ministry to his own place (Acts 1:25). The word captures the spatial metaphor of stepping outside prescribed limits, whether divine commands or human traditions.
Senses
1. sense 1 — Cross-linguistic glosses emphasize violation and deviation: English 'transgress/transgressed', Spanish 'quebrantan/quebrantáis/se-desvió', French 'transgresser', German forms preserving the root παραβαίνω. The lexicon traces semantic development from 'go by the side of' to 'overstep, transgress'. Matthew 15:2-3 uses it twice for violating tradition versus commandment, while Acts 1:25 describes Judas 'turning aside' from his ministry. The spatial metaphor of crossing boundaries underlies all uses, whether moral commands or traditional practices. 3×
AR["تَتَعَدَّوْنَ", "تَعَدَّى", "يَتَعَدَّوْنَ"]·ben["বিচ্যুত-হইল", "লঙ্ঘন-কর", "লঙ্ঘন-করছে"]·DE["παρέβη", "παραβαίνετε", "παραβαίνουσιν"]·EN["transgress", "transgressed"]·FR["transgresser"]·heb["סָטָה", "עוֹבְרִים"]·HI["-स्थान-को", "तोद-देते-हैन", "तोद-देते-हो"]·ID["melanggar", "menyimpang"]·IT["trasgredire"]·jav["nglanggar", "nilar"]·KO["어기느냐", "어기는가", "유다-가"]·PT["desviou-se", "transgredis", "transgridem"]·RU["отпал", "преступаете", "преступают"]·ES["quebrantan", "quebrantáis", "se-desvió"]·SW["aliipoteza", "mnavunja", "wanavunja"]·TR["saptı", "çiğniyorlar", "çiğniyorsunuz"]·urd["بھٹک-گیا", "توڑتے-ہو", "توڑتے-ہیں"]
Related Senses
H0935 1. come, arrive (Qal) (2413×)G1473 1. first person singular pronoun (2084×)H3318 1. Qal: go out, depart, come forth (891×)H7725 1. to return, come/go back (Qal) (874×)H5927 1. go up, ascend (Qal) (779×)H7971 1. to send, dispatch (Qal) (701×)G2064 1. come / arrive (physical movement toward) (588×)H5307 1. Qal: fall down physically (339×)H5375 1. Qal: to lift up, raise (330×)H5975 1. to stand, stand up (310×)H5674a 1. Qal: pass by, pass through (256×)H3381 1. Qal: to go down, descend (physical movement) (242×)G1831 1. go/come out physically (193×)H5337 1. deliver, rescue, save (Hifil) (188×)H7901 1. lie down, rest, sleep (183×)G1525 1. enter a place physically (179×)H7812 1. prostrate oneself, bow down, worship (173×)H3318 2. Hifil: bring out, lead out, take out (persons) (172×)H7725 2. to bring back, restore (Hifil) (151×)H5674a 2. Qal: cross over (134×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
παραβαίνω, Epic dialect imperfect παρέβασκε (see. below): accusative plural present participle παρβεῶντας Refsfuture -βήσομαι: perfect -βέβηκ; participle -βεβώς, Epic dialect -βεβᾰώς: perfect passive -βέβασμαι (see. below 11.1): aorist 2 παρέβην: aorist passive παρεβάθην Refs 5th c.BC+:—go by the side of, and in perfect, stand beside, twice in Refs 8th c.BC+, with dative, of one standing beside…