νέος G3501
Young, youthful; new, fresh, recently made; Nea (place name element meaning 'new')
The adjective neos (νέος) straddles two fundamental categories: youth in persons and newness in things. In the comparative form neoteros, it describes 'younger' sons, men, and women throughout Luke and the Pastorals (Luke 15:12-13; 1 Tim 5:1; Titus 2:4), while in its positive form it names 'new' wine poured into fresh wineskins (Matt 9:17; Mark 2:22; Luke 5:37-38) and the 'new lump' of unleavened dough (1 Cor 5:7). A single geographical use survives in Acts 16:11, where Nean (Νέαν) forms part of the compound Neapolis, 'New City,' the Macedonian port where Paul first set foot in Europe. Spanish distinguishes joven (young) from nuevo (new), mapping the bifurcation cleanly.
Senses
1. young, younger (of age) — Young or younger in age, used both as adjective and substantive for persons. The prodigal is the 'younger' son (Luke 15:12-13), the 'younger' should serve the elder (Luke 22:26), and the Pastoral Epistles instruct younger men and younger women (1 Tim 5:1, 11; Titus 2:4, 6; 1 Pet 5:5). Spanish jóvenes/más-joven and German neu (in its 'youthful' application) track the comparative neoteros, which dominates this cluster. The sense implies not just biological age but social position relative to elders. 12×
AR["-شابّاتِ", "أَصْغَرَ", "أَصْغَرِ", "الأحداثُ", "الأَحداثَ", "الأَحْداثَ", "الأَصْغَرُ", "الشُّبَّانُ", "الشّابّاتِ"]·ben["ছোট", "যুবক", "যুবক,", "যুবকদের", "যুবকেরা", "যুবতী", "যুবতীদের"]·DE["Nea", "neu"]·EN["young-women", "younger", "younger-men", "younger-ones", "younger-women"]·FR["jeune", "nouveau"]·heb["צְעִירִים", "צְעִירִים,", "צְעִירוֹת", "צְעִירוֹת,", "צָּעִיר", "צָעִיר"]·HI["छोटा", "छोटे-ने", "जवअन", "जवअन-स्त्रियन", "जवअन-स्त्रियोन", "जवअनोन,", "जवनोन-को", "जवान", "लपेटा", "हे-जवानों"]·ID["janda-muda", "lebih-muda", "muda", "muda-laki-laki,", "orang-muda", "perempuan-muda", "perempuan-muda,", "yang-lebih-muda", "yang-termuda"]·IT["nuovo"]·jav["anem,", "anem-priya,", "ingkang-langkung-enem;", "langkung-anem", "langkung-enem", "tiyang-enem", "tiyang-enem,", "tiyang-nem", "tiyang-èstri-nem"]·KO["더-어린", "더-어린-자", "젊은-남자들-을", "젊은-여자들-을", "젊은-여자들을", "젊은-여자들이", "젊은-여자들인", "젊은-자", "젊은-자들을", "젊은이들-이", "젊은이들아"]·PT["jovens", "jovens,", "mais-jovem"]·RU["младшие,", "младший", "молодым", "молодых", "юношей", "юноши", "юным", "юных"]·ES["a-más-jóvenes", "jóvenes", "más-joven", "más-jóvenes"]·SW["Vijana-wa-kiume", "kijana", "mdogo", "mdogo-zaidi", "vijana", "vijana-wa-kike"]·TR["Genç-erkekleri,", "en-genç", "genç", "genç-kadınları", "genç-kadınları,", "gençler", "gençleri", "gençlerin"]·urd["جوان", "جوانوں", "نوجوانو،", "نوجوانوں", "نوجوانوں-کو", "چھوٹا", "چھوٹے"]
2. new, fresh — New or fresh, describing things recently made or produced as opposed to what is old or worn. The parable of wineskins turns on putting new wine (neos oinos) into new wineskins (Matt 9:17; Mark 2:22; Luke 5:37-38). Paul calls the Corinthians a 'new lump' (1 Cor 5:7) and contrasts the 'new man' renewed in knowledge (Col 3:10). Hebrews 12:24 speaks of 'new covenant' blood. Spanish nuevo/nueva and French nouveau converge on temporal freshness — what has just come into being — distinguishing neos from kainos, which stresses qualitative novelty. 11×
AR["الجَديدَ", "الجَديدَةَ", "الجَديدَةُ", "جَديداً", "جَديدًا", "جَديدَةً", "جَديدَةٌ", "جَدِيد"]·ben["নতুন"]·DE["Nea", "neu"]·EN["new"]·FR["jeune", "nouveau"]·heb["חֲדָשָׁה", "חָדָשׁ"]·HI["नई", "नया", "नयी", "नये"]·ID["baru", "yang-baru"]·IT["nuovo"]·jav["anyar", "enggal", "énggal"]·KO["새", "새것을"]·PT["nova", "novo"]·RU["молодое", "нового", "новое", "новое;", "новым"]·ES["nueva", "nuevo"]·SW["donge-jipya", "jipya", "mpya"]·TR["yeni", "yeniyi"]·urd["نئی", "نئے", "نئے-کو", "نیا", "وہ"]
3. Nea (place name element) — The feminine form Nean used as a geographical name element in the compound Neapolis ('New City') at Acts 16:11, naming the Macedonian port (modern Kavala, Greece) where Paul, Silas, and Timothy landed after the vision of the man from Macedonia. This is a frozen toponym rather than a living adjective, but it preserves the original adjectival meaning 'new.' Spanish Néa and German Nea transliterate directly, confirming its proper-noun status. 1×
AR["جَديدَةَ"]·ben["নতুন"]·DE["Nea"]·EN["Nea"]·FR["jeune"]·heb["נֵאָפּוֹלִיס"]·HI["निया"]·ID["Neapolis"]·IT["nuovo"]·jav["Néapolis"]·KO["네아"]·PT["Neápolis,"]·RU["Новый"]·ES["Néa"]·SW["Neapolis"]·TR["Yeni"]·urd["نیا"]
Related Senses
H3117 1. day, specific time (2231×)H5704 1. until, unto, as far as (1238×)H8141 1. year, unit of time (880×)H6258 1. and now (421×)G2250 1. day (388×)H5750 1. again, more, further (288×)H5769 1. forever, to eternity (280×)H6256 1. time, period (264×)H2320 1. month, calendar period (260×)H0310a 2. after (temporal) (258×)H3915 1. night, period of darkness (234×)H1242 1. morning (214×)H5750 2. still, yet (continuative) (166×)G5119 1. then (160×)G3568 1. now (147×)G2193 1. until (143×)G3825 1. (141×)G3752 1. (123×)H6153 1. evening, time of day (123×)H0227a 1. then (122×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
νέος, νέα, Ionic dialect νέη, νέον; Ionic dialect νεῖος (which see): [feminine νέας as monosyllable, Refs 4th c.BC+; contraction feminine νῆ Refs 6th c.BC+ __1 young, youthful (of children, youths, and of men at least as old as Refs 8th c.BC+youths, Refs 8th c.BC+: later mostly with Article, οἱ νέοι Refs 5th c.BC+ 'boys will be boys', Refs 4th c.AD+; οἱ ν., corporately organized, Refs 8th c.BC+;…