κατα-παύω G2664
To cause to cease, bring to rest, restrain; intransitively, to rest or cease from activity.
Carries a dual force: transitively, it means to stop or restrain someone from doing something; intransitively, it means to rest or cease from labor. The author of Hebrews draws deeply on Genesis, noting that God 'rested' on the seventh day (Heb 4:4) and then arguing that Joshua did not give Israel true rest (Heb 4:8), leaving a sabbath-rest still available. The believer who enters God's rest 'ceases from his own works' just as God did (Heb 4:10). In Acts 14:18, the transitive sense appears as Paul and Barnabas barely restrain the crowd from sacrificing to them.
Senses
1. sense 1 — To cause to stop or restrain from an action (transitive), or to rest and cease from labor (intransitive). In Acts 14:18, Paul and Barnabas struggle to restrain the Lystran crowd -- the Spanish 'detuvieron' and English 'restrained' highlight the causative, forceful sense. In Hebrews 4:4, 8, 10, the intransitive sense dominates: God rested from creation, Joshua failed to provide lasting rest, and believers are called to enter divine rest by ceasing from their own works. The French 'donner le repos' nicely captures the gift-like quality of this theological rest. 4×
AR["أَرَاحَ", "أَوقَفا", "اسْتَرَاحَ"]·ben["থামালেন", "বিশ্রাম-করলেন", "বিশ্রাম-করেছে", "বিশ্রাম-দিতেন"]·DE["ruhen", "κατέπαυσαν"]·EN["had-given-rest", "rested", "they-restrained"]·FR["donner-le-repos", "ruhen"]·heb["הֵנִיחַ", "עָצְרוּ", "שָׁבַת"]·HI["रोका", "विश्राम-किया", "विश्राम-दिया-होता"]·ID["beristirahat", "mencegah", "mengistirahatkan"]·IT["katepausen", "riposare"]·jav["nyelaki", "sampun-maringi-pangéngganan", "sampun-ngénggar"]·KO["쉬게-했더라면", "쉬셨으니", "쉬었으니", "제지했다"]·PT["descansou", "fizeram-parar", "tivesse-dado-descanso"]·RU["почил", "удержали", "упокоил"]·ES["detuvieron", "hubiera-dado-reposo", "reposó"]·SW["alipumzika", "aliwapumzisha", "amepumzika", "waliyazuia"]·TR["dinlendi", "dinlenme-verdiyse", "durdurdular"]·urd["آرام-دیتا", "آرام-کیا", "روکا"]
Related Senses
H7200 1. Qal: to see, perceive (1257×)G4771 2. you (singular address) (1077×)H8085 1. Qal: hear, perceive aurally (921×)H0859a 1. you (2nd person masculine singular pronoun) (743×)H0398 1. eat (consume food) (697×)H4191 1. die (Qal: natural/general death) (645×)G3708 1. see, perceive visually (419×)G0191 1. hear, perceive sound (360×)H???? 3. (352×)G3708 2. behold, look (exclamatory) (256×)H7272 1. foot (body part) (236×)H8354 1. drink, consume liquid (209×)H3205 1. Qal active: bear/give birth (female subject) (204×)H3205 2. Qal active: beget/father (male subject) (198×)H2421 1. Qal: live, be alive (177×)H8085 2. Qal: listen, heed, pay attention (172×)H2416a 1. alive, living (state/attribute) (146×)H2416e 1. life, lifespan, lifetime (145×)G2198 1. be alive, have life (133×)H8193 1. lip, lips (body part) (123×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
κατα-παύω, poetry καππαύω Refs 5th c.BC+:— put an end to, stop, Refs 8th c.BC+; μηνιθμὸν καταπαυσέμεν (Epic dialect future infinitive) Refs 8th c.BC+; νεῖκος κ. Refs 8th c.BC+ (Lyric poetry); λιγυρὰν γᾶρυν B.[same place]; Refs 2nd c.AD+; bring to a close, Refs 2nd c.BC+; κ. τὸν πρῶτον λόγον εἰς.. conclude the first section and proceed to.., Refs 6th c.AD+ — middle, Refs 5th c.BC+ (Lyric…