Rest and Refreshment

שָׁבַת71 vb. cease, desist, rest (Assyrian šabâtu, prob. cease, be completed DlWB ZimKAT3. 593 (JenZA iv (1889), 277 f. is sceptical); Arabic سَبَتَ cut off, interrupt; NH has שֶׁבֶת neglect, etc., Aramaic שִׁבְתָּא cost of neglect);— Qal27 Pf. 3 ms. שׁ׳ Gn 2:3 +; 3 pl. שָׁבָ֑תוּ La 5:14, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִשְׁבּוֹת Ho 7:4; יִשְׁבֹּת Pr 22:10 + 2 times; 3 fs. תִּשְׁבֹּת Lv 26:35; תִּשְׁבַּת v 34 Ne 6:3 +, etc.;— 1. cease: (abs. 13 times) of seasons Gn 8:22 (J); manna Jos 5:12 (P), etc., Is 14:4(×2) Ne 6:3 +; c. מִן Ho 7:4 + 3 times 2. desist from labour, rest: a. c. מִן (of God) Gn 2:2, 3 (P) b. מִן om., ב temp. Ex 23:12 (E), 16:30; 34:21 (J), 31:17 (P); בֶּחָרִישׁ וּבַקָּצִיר שׁ׳ 34:21 (J.; i.e., even in these busy seasons). c. land in 7th year Lv 26:34, 35(×2) (H), 2 Ch 36:21.—Lv 23:32; 25:2 v. [שָׁבַת" dir="rtl" >שָׁבַת] vb. denom. Infr. †Niph. Pf. 3 ms. נִשְׁבַּת Is 17:3 + 2 times; pl. נִשְׁבְּתוּ Ez 6:6;—cease: abs. Ez 6:6; 30:18; 33:28; c. מִן Is 17:3. Hiph.40 Pf. 3 ms. הִשְׁבִּית Ru 4:14 +; 2 ms. הִשְּׁבַּתָּ ψ 89:45; 119:119, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יַשְׁבִּית Pr 18:18 Dn 9:27; וַיַּשְׁבֵּת 2 K 23:11 2 Ch 16:5, etc.; Inf. cstr. הַשְׁבִּית ψ 8:3; לַשְׁבִּית Am 8:4 (Ges§ 53 q); Imv. mpl. הַשְׁבִּ֫יתוּ Is 30:11; Pt. מַשְׁבִּית Je 16:9 ψ 46:10;— 1. cause to cease, put an end to: c. acc. mirth Ho 2:13, work 2 Ch 16:5; Ne 4:5; sacrifice Dn 9:27; war ψ 46:10, cf. Is 13:11; Ez 7:24; Pr 18:18 + 6 times, + הִשׁ׳ קוֹל שָׂשׂוֹן מִן Je 7:34; 16:9, cf. 48:33. 2. = exterminate, destroy: c. acc. 2 K 23:5, 11; Am 8:4 (Now conj. העשׁקים), Ho 1:4 ψ 8:3; 119:119; c. acc. + מִן, Je 36:29, מִן הָאָרֶץ Lv 26:6 (H), Ez 34:25; אלילים 30:13; Dt 32:26. 3. cause to desist from: c. מִן Ez 16:41; 34:10; Ex 5:5 (E = give rest from); ��ְבִלְתִּי inf. Jos 22:25 (P). 4. remove (= הֵסִיר מִן: c. מִן Ez 23:27, 48 ψ 89:45 (text dub.: read הִשְׁבַּתּוֹ [3] 𝔊 Du; מַטֵּה הֹדוֹ Herz Che, v. also sub מֳהָר); leaven מבתים Ex 12:15 (P); הַשׁ׳ אֶח־ק׳ ישׂר׳ מִפָּנֵינוּ Is 30:11. 5. cause to fail, let be lacking: salt מֵעַל מִנְחָתֶ֑ךָ Lv 2:13 (P); acc. pers. + ל pers. Je 48:35; Ru 4:14. I. שֶׁבֶת v. יָשַׁב" dir="rtl" >ישׁב.

† נוּחַ vb. rest (NH id.; Aramaic נוּחַ, ܢܳܚ; Ph. נחת n. rest; poss. also vb. ינח (Iph. Pf.), cf. Levy cited CIS i. 118 Lzb 322; Assyrian nâḫu, rest, and deriv.; Ethiopic ኖኀ: be extended, long, rarely rest; Arabic ناخ iv. is make camel lie down on his breast; مُنَاخٌ resting-place of camel, cf. DoughtyArab. Des. i, 397, ii, 63, 486, 642);— Qal Pf. 3 fs. נָ֫חָה Is 7:2 + 2 times, וְנָחָה Is 11:2; 1 s. נָ֑חְתִּי Jb 3:26; 1 pl. נַחְנוּ 2 S 17:12; 3 pl. נָ֫חוּ Est 9:22, וְנָחוּ Is 7:19; Impf. 3 ms. יָנוּחַ Ex 23:12 + 6 times, וַיָּ֫נַח Ex 10:14; 20:11; 3 fs. תָּנוּחַ Is 25:10 Pr 14:33, וַתָּ֫נַח Gn 8:4 Nu 11:26; 2 ms. תָּנוּחַ Dn 12:13 etc.; Inf. abs. נוֹחַ Est 9:16, 17, 18; cstr. לָנוּחַ 2 S 21:10; כְּנוֹחַ Nu 11:25 Jos 3:13 Ne 9:28; sf. 3 ms. בְּנֻחֹה Nu 10:36;—לְנוּחֶ֑ךָ 2 Ch 6:41 v. מְנוּחָה" dir="rtl" >מְנוּחָה;— 1. rest, settle down and remain, sq. עַל; of birds 2 S 21:10; ark Gn 8:4 (P); נָ֫חָה אֲרָם עַל־אֶפְרַיִם Is 7:2 Aram hath settled down upon Ephraim; of spirit of י׳ Nu 11:25, 26 (E), Is 11:2; spirit of Elijah 2 K 2:15; sceptre of wicked ψ 125:3 (in fig.); sq. בְּ loc.: of insects Ex 10:14 (J), Is 7:19 (fig. of invaders); of soles of feet resting in water Jos 3:13 (JE); hand of י׳ Is 25:10; wisdom Pr 14:33; anger Ec 7:9; בִּקְהַל וְפָאִים יָנוּחַ Pr 21:16 in the assembly of Shades shall be settle down; abs., = stop, of ark at stages of journey Nu 10:36 (JE); cease speaking 1 S 25:9. 2. repose, be quiet, have rest: after labour Ex 20:11 (E; of God), 23:12 (E; of cattle), Dt 5:14 (of slave); have rest from (מִן) enemies Est 9:16 (inf. abs. נוֹחַ, + עָמוֹד, הָרוֹג), v 22, cf. (abs.) v 17, 18 (in both + עָשׂה), Ne 9:28; be at rest (from trouble), abs., Jb 3:26 (+ שָׁלַוְתִּי, שָׁקַטְתִּי); of the earth Is 14:7; in couch of the grave 57:2; in Sheʿôl Jb 3:17, so prob. Dn 12:13; also לֹא תָּנוּחַ לָךְ Is 23:12 = thou shall not be at rest, cf. impers. יָנוּחַ לִי Jb 3:13 = I should be at rest (in Sheʾôl).—אָנוּחַ לְיוֹם צָרָה Hb 3:16 is dub.: I wait quietly for the day of distress De Ke Hi-St SS, so Now, doubtfully; We conj. אֶנָּחֵם as Is 1:24 I will appease me GASm leaves untransl. Hiph. A. Pf. 3 ms. הֵנִיחַ Jos 22:4 +; 1 s. וַהֲנִיחֹ֫תִי 2 S 7:11 +; הֵנִ֫יחוּ Zc 6:8; Impf. 3 ms. יָנִיחַ Ex 17:11 +; וַיָּ֫נַח Jos 21:42 +; sf. וַיְנִיחֵנִי Ez 37:1; 40:2; 3 fs. sf. תְּנִיחֶנּוּ Is 63:14 (but v. infr.), etc.; Imv. mpl. הָנִ֫יחוּ Is 28:12; Inf. cstr. הָנִיחַ Is 14:3 +, sf. הֲנִיחִי Ez 24:13; Pt. מֵנִיחַ Jos 1:13;— 1. cause to rest = give rest to: a. sq. acc. יָדוֹ Ex 17:11 (E), רוּחִי Zc 6:8; so appar. sq. חֲמָתִי + ב pers., quiet (i.e. sate) my fury by (weak it upon) Ez 5:13 (del. Co), 16:42, 24:13, also 21:22 (Co adds ב pers.). b. usually sq. ל pers.: (1) give rest to i.e. bring to resting-place Ex 33:14 (J), Dt 3:20 Jos 1:13, 15; 22:4 (all D), 1 Ch 23:25; so, c. sf., Is 63:14 (si vera l.; Vrss Lo Ew Brd CheHpt. read תַּנְחֶנּוּ, leadeth him, √ נחה); (2) of freedom from enemies, Is 28:12 2 Ch 14:5 + מִכָּל־איבים [מִסָּבִיב] Dt 12:10; 25:19 Jos 23:1 (D), 2 S 7:1, 11 1 Ch 22:9; so + מִסָּבִיב alone 1 K 5:18 Jos 21:42 (P), 1 Ch 22:18 2 Ch 14:6; 15:15; 20:30, so also prob. 32:22 (for MT וַיְנַהֲלֵם מִסָּבִיב); (3) of freedom from suffering, + מֵעָצְבְּךָ וגו׳ Is 14:3. c. make quiet in mind, set at rest וִינִיהֶ֑ךָ Pr 29:17 discipline thy son, that he may give thee quiet (of mind; ‖ יִתֵּן מַעֲדַנִּים לְנַפְשֶׁ֑ךָ). 2. cause to rest (i.e. light) upon, c. acc. staff + עַל pers. Is 30:32; c. acc. blessing + אֶל־ Ez 44:30; cause to alight, set down, c. sf. pers. + בְּתוֹךְ loc. Ez 37:1; + אֶל־ loc. 40:2.— For this meaning v. especially B. infr. B. Pf. 3 ms. הִנִּיחַ Ju 3:1 +, הִנִּחַ 1 K 8:9, sf. וְהִנִּיחוֹ Dt 26:4, וְהִנִּיחָם Lv 16:23 both consec.; 2 ms. וְהִנַּחְתָּ֫ Dt 14:28, sf. וְהִנַּחְתּוֹ 26:10 consec., etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יַנִּיחַ Lv 7:15, וַיַּנַּה Ju 2:23 +, sf. וַיַּנִּיחֵהוּ Ex 16:34; 3 fs. וַתַּנַּח Gn 39:16, 2 ms. juss. אַל־תַּנַּח Ec 7:18 + 2 times, etc.; Imv. ms. הַנַּח Ho 4:7 + 2 times, הַנִּ֫יחָה Ex 32:10 Ju 16:26, etc.; Inf. cstr. sf. לְהַנִּיחוֹ Nu 32:15, לְהַנִּיחָם Est 3:8; Pt. מַנִּיחַ Ec 5:11;— 1. lay or set down, deposit, let lie, c. acc. rei, usually + word of place: stones at ford of Jordan Jos 4:3, 8 (JE), ark 1 S 6:18, garments Gn 39:16 (J), Lv 16:23 (P), Ez 42:14; 44:19; cf. Ex 16:23, 24, 33, 34 Nu 17:19, 22 (all P), Dt 26:4, 10 1 K 8:9; 13:31 Ez 40:42; 42:13; so, acc. om., Ju 6:18, 20 Dt 14:28 Nu 19:9 (P), 1 S 10:25; place, put, sq. acc. pers. + local modif., Gn 2:15 (J), 19:16 (J), Jos 6:23 (JE), Lv 24:12 Nu 15:34 (both P), Is 14:1; 46:7 Ez 37:14; prob. also Zc 5:11 (read וְהִנִּיחֻהָ, v. Ges§ 72 ee); read וַיַּנִּיחֵם also 2 K 18:11 (𝔊 ἔθετο; for MT וַיַּנְחֵם; cf. וַיּשֶׁב אוֹתָם ‖ 2 K 17:6); place corpse on (אֶל־) ass 1 K 13:29, in grave v 30; horsemen and chariots in cities 2 Ch 1:14; 9:25, so read also ‖ 1 K 10:26 (𝔊 ἔθετο; for MT וַיַּנְחֵם); tables in temple 2 Ch 4:8; idols in shrines 2 K 17:29 (acc. om.). Here belongs perhaps also וְגַם מִזֶּה אַל־תַּנַּח אֶת־יָדֶ֑ךָ Ec 7:18 and also from this do not let thy hand lie (idle), i.e. engage in it, cf. 11:6; lay down forcibly, thrust down הִנִּיחַ לָאָרֶץ בְּיָ֑ד Is 28:2, cf. Am 5:7; perhaps also Ez 22:20 (abs.; but del. Co Berthol, after 𝔊). 2. let remain, leave (in present condition), obj. nations Ju 2:23; 3:1 Je 27:11, people in wilderness Nu 32:15 (JE); וְהִנִּיחוּךְ עֵירֹם וְעֶרְיָה Ez 16:39; sq. acc. rei Lv 7:15 1 K 7:47 (leave unweighed); leave behind sq. acc. pers. Gn 42:33 (E), 2 S 16:21; 20:3 1 K 19:3 Je 43:6; + אֶת־פְּנֵי 1 S 22:4 (read וַיַּנִּחֵם, for MT וַיַּנְחֵם, and he left them with 𝔖 𝔗 𝔙 We Dr Klo Bu Löhr HPS; leave name, for a curse Is 65:15; leave or bequeath to (ל), c. acc. rei, ψ 17:14 Ec 2:18. 3. leave = depart from, מְקוֹמְךָ אַל־תַּנַּח Ec 10:4 do not leave thy place. 4. abandon, sq. acc. pers. Je 14:9; בַּל־תַּנִּיחֵנִי לְעשְׁקָ֑י ψ 119:121 abandon me not to my oppressors. 5. let alone (refrain from interfering with), sq. ל pers. Ex 32:10 (JE; obj. י׳), Ho 4:17 2 S 16:11 2 K 23:18; sq. acc. pers. Est 3:8; = avoid יַנִּיחַ חֲטָאִים גְּדוֹלִים Ec 10:4 (but read perhaps יָנִיחַ, causeth to rest = allayeth cf. Wild) 6. permit, c. acc. pers. Ju 16:26 (v GFM); + inf. לֹא הִנִּיחַ אָדָם לְעָשְׁקָם ψ 105:14 = 1 Ch 16:21, where הִנִּיחַ לְאִישׁ, cf. מַנִּיחַ לוֹ לִישׁוֹן Ec 5:11. Hoph. A. Pf. 3 ms. הוּנַח־לָ֑נוּ La 5:5 i.e. no rest is granted to us; for 3 fs. וְהֻנִ֫יחָה Zc 5:11 [so Baer Ginsb; Van d. H. והֻנּ׳] read prob. וְהִנִּיחֻהָ v. supr. Hiph. B 1. B. Pt. מֻנָּ֔ח as subst. = space left, open space Ez 41:9, 11(×2).

† מְנוּחָה, מְנֻחָה n.f. resting-place, rest;—abs. מ׳ Mi 2:10 +, מְנֻחָה Gn 49:15 (but v. infr.), 2 S 14:17; sf. מְנוּחָתִי ψ 95:11 + 2 times, מְנוּחָתֶ֑ךָ ψ 132:8 = 2 Ch 6:41 (where read as in ψ, for anom. לְנוּחֶ֑ךָ MT), מְנֻחָתוֹ Is 11:10 Zc 9:1; pl. מְנוּחֹת Is 32:18, מְנֻחוֹת ψ 23:2;— 1. resting-place Mi 2:10 Nu 10:33 (JE), Dt 12:9 (+ הַנַּחֲלָה) so ψ 95:11 (י׳’s resting-pl.), cf. 132:8 = 2 Ch 6:41 (v. supr.), ψ 132:14 Is 66:1 (‖ בַּיִת אֲשֶׁר תִּבְנוּ לִי), cf. בֵּית מ׳ לַאֲרוֹן וגו׳ 1 Ch 28:2; also Is 11:10; prob. also Gn 49:15 (‖ הָאָרֶץ; טוֹב here is appar. subst., Sam. reads adj. טוֹבָה; but read perhaps מְנֻחֹה, his resting-place, from מָנוֹחַ, BallHpt Holz after 𝔖); מְנוּחֹת שַׁאֲנַנּוֹת Is 32:18 (+ נְוֵה שָׁלוֹם, מִשְׁכְּנוֹת מִבְטַחִים); of י׳’s word Zc 9:1; resting- place on journey, in שַׂר מ׳ Je 51:59 (Ew Gf Gie al.); fig. for security, assurance 2 S 14:17 (taken from resting, equilibrium, of scale according to Klo). 2. rest, quietness, pl. מֵי מְנֻחוֹת ψ 23:2; = refreshment Is 28:12 (‖ מַרְגֵּעָה); rest (from enemies) = peace 1 K 8:56 (cf. 5:18), אִישׁ מ׳ 1 Ch 22:9 a man of peace (cf. הֵנִיחַ v b); = relief from sorrow Je 45:3; condition of rest and security attained by marriage Ru 1:9 (= מָנוֹחַ 3:1).—מ׳ Ju 20:43 is perhaps n.pr., cf. GFM.

ἀνα-παύω, poetry and Ionic dialect ἀμπ-, future middle ἀναπαύσομαι: aorist ἀνεπαυσάμην Attic dialect and Hellenistic (but ἀνεπαύθημενLXX: later, aorist passive ἀναπάηRefsfuture passive ἀναπαήσομαι variant NT: present middle ἀναπάεταιRefs:—make to cease, stop or hinder from a thing, χειμῶνος.. ὅς ῥά τε ἔργων ἀνθρώπους ἀνέπαυσενRefs 8th c.BC+; ἀ. τινὰ τοῦ πλάνου give him rest from wandering, Refs 5th c.BC+; τοὺς λειτουργοῦντας ἀ. (i.e. τῶν ἀναλωμάτων) to relieve them from.., Refs 4th c.BC+ __2 with accusative only, put an end to, βοήνRefs 5th c.BC+; more frequently rest, make to halt, ἀ. στράτευμαRefs 5th c.BC+; εἴδωλον ἀ. ἐπὶ ἅμαξαν lay it in a reposing posture, Refs 2nd c.AD+give me rest, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __3 bring to a close, τὸν λόγονRefs 2nd c.AD+ __4 rarely intransitive in sense of middle, take rest, ἀναπαύοντες ἐν τῷ μέρειRefs 5th c.BC+ __5 of land, cause to lie fallow, Refs 3rd c.BC+ __II in middle and passive, take rest, ἀναπαύου κακῶν take rest from.., Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀπὸ ναυμαχίας ἀ. rest after a sea-fight, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀπ᾽ ἄγρας κεκμακὼς ἀμπαύσεται [Πάν] Refs 3rd c.BC+; especially of troops, halt, rest, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀναπεπ. τῶν εἰσφορῶν to be relieved from.., Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 absolutely, take one's rest, sleep, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2.b of land, lie fallow, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2.c of the dead, ἀμπ. σὺν φιλίῃ ξυνῶς ἀλόχῳRefs; ὧδε ἀναπάεταιRefs 3rd c.BC+; ἀ. alone, die, Refs 1st c.AD+ __II.2.d regain strength, uncertain reading in Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3 rest or settle upon an object, τὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ πνεῦμα ἐφ᾽ ὑμᾶς ἀναπαύεται LXX+NT; of shadows, Refs 4th c.AD+

† שַׁבָּתוֹן n.m. sabbath observance, sabbatism;—שׁ׳ Ex 16:23 + 10 times P; usually phrase שַׁבַּת שַׁבָּתוֹן sabbath of sabbatic observance;— 1. of weekly sabbath Ex 31:15; 35:2; Lv 23:3; Ex 16:23 (שַׁבָּתוֹן שַׁבַּת קֹדֶשׁ, prob. transp.). 2. day of atonement Lv 16:31; 23:32. 3. sabbatical year Lv 25:4, cf. שַׁבָּתוֹן" dir="rtl" >שְׁנַת שַׁבָּתוֹן v 5. 4. שׁ׳ alone of feast of trumpets Lv 23:24, and of first and eighth days of feast of tabernacles v 39, 39.

κατά-παυσις, εως, ἡ, stopping: metaphorically, putting down, deposing, Refs 5th c.BC+; τῆς βασιληΐης deposition from.., Refs 2nd c.AD+. __II rest, calm, LXX, +others; place of rest, LXX+4-3rd c.BC+: metaphorically, allaying, Refs 1st c.BC+ K.

† I. נַ֫חַת n.[f.] (appar. m. Jb 36:16, but v. infr.) quietness, rest (under this √ Thes Ol § 164 c Sta§ 201 d Köii. 172 f.; > sub נחת DlProl 118 ff.);—נ׳ Is 30:15 + 2 times, נָ֑חַת Jb 17:16 + 2 times; cstr. נַ֫חַת Jb 36:16;— 1. quietness, quiet attitude Is 30:15 (‖ הַשְׁקֵט); דִּבְרֵי חֲכָמִים בְּנ׳ נִשְׁמָעִים Ec 9:17; opp. עָמָל וּרְעוּת רוּחַ 4:6; opp. רָגַז, שָׂחַק Pr 29:9; of comfort of one’s table, i.e. its satisfying plenty, וְנ׳ שֻׁלְחָֽנְךָ מָלֵא דָ֑שֶׁן Jb 36:16 the comfort of thy table, which (i.e. the table) was full of fat(Di, cf. Bu; > that which is set on thy table shall be, etc. De al., making נ׳ subj. of מָלֵא, and so masc.). 2. rest of death Jb 17:16; read נֵחָ֑ת (𝔊 Du Dr), √ נחת = descend (cf. 21:13). of a still-born child Ec 6:5.—ii, iii. נַחַת v. נָחֵת" dir="rtl" >נחת.

† I. מָנוֹחַ n.m. resting-place, state, or condition of rest;—abs. מ׳ Gn 8:9 + 4 times; cstr. מְנוֹחַ 1 Ch 6:16; pl. sf. 2 fs. מְנוּחָ֑יְכִי ψ 116:7 (Ges§ 91 l);— 1. resting-place לְכַף רֶגֶל Gn 8:9 (J), cf. Dt 28:65 La 1:3; Is 34:14 (cf. also מְנֻחָה Gn 49:15). 2. rest, repose of soul ψ 116:7 (pl. abstr. vel intens.); condition of rest and security attained by marriage Ru 3:1. 3. with force of inf. (cf. Aramaic inf. c. מ pref.) מִמְּנוֹחַ הָאָרוֹן 1 Ch 6:16 from the coming to rest of the ark.

† II. רָגַע vb. be at rest, repose (prob. = Arabic رَجَعَ return, proposes return to rest, after wanderings, etc.);— Niph. Imv. 2 fs. Je 47:6 (of sword) be gathered into thy scabbard, הֵרָֽגְעִי וָדֹ֫מִּי repose, and be still. Hiph. a. trans. give rest to;—Inf. cstr. Je 31:2 הָלוֹךְ לְהַרְגִּיעוֹ I will go to give him (Isr.) rest, 50:34 לְמַעַן הִרְגִּיעַ את־הארץ (on הִ׳, v. Ges§ 531 Dr Dt 7:24; read prob. הַ׳); Is 51:4 ומשׁפטי לאור עמים אַרְגִּיעַ usually I will cause my judgment (religion) to repose as, etc. (i.e. I will establish it; cf. שִׂים 42:4); but metaph. strange: hence Bachm Che Marti (joining to v 5) צִדְקִי (אֲקָרֵב 46:13) אַרְגִּיעַ אַקְּרִיב in a moment (I. רָגַע Hiph.) will I bring near, etc., Du הִרְגִּיעַ קָרֵב, Oort Ry Kit בְּרֶגַע קָרֵב (cf. 𝔊 ἐγγίζει ταχύ). b. intrans. rest, repose, Dt 28:65 ובגוים ההם לא תַרְגִּיעַ, Is 34:14 שָׁם הִרְגִּ֫יעָה לִילִית. So Ecclus 36:31.

ἀνά-παυσις, poetry ἄμπ-, εως, ἡ, repose, rest, Refs 6th c.BC+: especially relaxation, recreation, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 with genitive of things, rest from a thing, κακῶνRefs 5th c.BC+ __3 Rhet., cadence of a period, Refs 2nd c.AD+

ἄνεσις, genitive εως, Ionic dialect ιος, ἡ: (ἀνιημι):— loosening, relaxing, τῶν χορδῶν of the strings, opposed to ἐπίτασις, Refs 5th c.BC+; coupled with χάλασις,Refs 4th c.BC+; πάγων ἄ., i.e. a thaw, Refs 1st c.AD+; of the ebb-tide, Refs 1st c.BC+ __2 metaphorically, remission, abatement, κακῶνRefs 5th c.BC+; opposed to θλῖψις, NT; λύπης, μοχθηρίας, etc., Refs 1st c.BC+; ἄ. φόρων, τελῶν, remission of tribute, taxes, Refs 1st c.AD+; of fevers, opposed to παροξυσμός, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __3 relaxation, recreation, opposed to σπουδή, Refs 5th c.BC+ __4 solution, Refs 1st c.AD+ __5 ={τὸ τελευταῖον τῆς παρακμῆς} Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II indulgence, licence, ἡδονῶνRefs 5th c.BC+; relaxation of custody, NT __III of musical pitch, Refs 3rd c.AD+; of an unaccented syllable, Refs 1st c.BC+

κατα-παύω, poetry καππαύω Refs 5th c.BC+:— put an end to, stop, Refs 8th c.BC+; μηνιθμὸν καταπαυσέμεν (Epic dialect future infinitive) Refs 8th c.BC+; νεῖκος κ. Refs 8th c.BC+ (Lyric poetry); λιγυρὰν γᾶρυν B.[same place]; Refs 2nd c.AD+; bring to a close, Refs 2nd c.BC+; κ. τὸν πρῶτον λόγον εἰς.. conclude the first section and proceed to.., Refs 6th c.AD+ — middle, Refs 5th c.BC+ (Lyric poetry):—passive, Refs 4th c.BC+. __II with accusative person, put an end to, i.e. kill, Refs 8th c.BC+. __II.2 make one stop from a thing, hinder, check, Refs 8th c.BC+: with participle, Refs 3rd c.BC+: with accusative only, keep in check, τινα Refs 8th c.BC+ __II.3 depose from power, κ. τινὰ τῆς ἀρχῆς, τῆς βασιληΐης, Refs 5th c.BC+ depose them from their honours, cease to worship them, Refs 5th c.BC+ —passive, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3.b put down, Refs; τὴν Κύρου δύναμιν Refs 5th c.BC+ (anapaest meter). __III passive and middle (future Refs, leave off, cease, Refs 6th c.BC+: with participle, οὐ -παήσεται ἐρχομένη Refs __IV active used intransitive like middle, Refs 5th c.BC+ (Lyric poetry, assuming variant); εὐημερῶν κατάπαυσον rest while you are well off, LXX

† דֳּמִי n.[m.] cessation, pause, quiet, rest; ד׳ Is 62:6 + 2 times; cstr. דְּמִי Is 38:10 (but v. infr.);— 1. quiet, in phr. אַל־ד׳ לָכֶם Is 62:6 keep not quiet (let there be no quiet to you); in prayer to God אַל־ד׳ לָךְ ψ 83:2 keep not quiet (inactive; ‖ חרשׂ, שׁקט); cf. וְאַל־תִּתְּנוּ ד׳ לוֹ Is 62:7 and give no rest to him (י׳). 2. in phr. בִּדְמִי יָמַי, Is 38:10 appar. quiet, peacefulness, even tenour, of my days (so De Or SS); others, as Hi Ew Che Di, pause, resting-time, i.e. noon-day (cf. 𝔖 𝔙, & height 𝔊), fig. of middle life, but usage dub.; KloSK 1884, 157 cessation, pause, of natural end of life, Hezekiah’s natural expectation, in contrast with the speedy death implied in v b; but parallelism of v 11a is ag. this; Brd emends בְּרֻם after 𝔊; Klol.c. suggests בְּתֹם or כְּתֹם but preferably in the half, i.e. the midst of my days from דָּמָה aequavit (Dathe).

† רֵ֫בֶץ n.[m.] (place of) lying down, resting- or dwelling-place;—cstr. ר׳ בָּקָר Is 65:10 (‖ נְוֵה צֹאן); sf. בִּנְוֵה תַנִּים רִבְצָהּ 35:7 (cf. Ges§ 145 m, but Du רָֽבְצָה, sc. flock); רִבְצָם Je 50:6 (people as sheep); of man, רִבְצוֹ Pr 24:15 (‖ נְוֵה צַדְּיק).

† [נָפַשׁ] vb.denom. (cf. Syriac ܢܰܦܶܫ refresh; ܐܶܬܢܦܶܫ, ܐܶܬܢܰܦܰܫ be refreshed; Ethiopic ነፍሰ );— Niph. Impf. 3 ms. יִנָּפֵשׁ Ex 23:12 (E) 2 S 16:14; וַיִּנָּפַ֑שׁ Ex 31:17 (P);—take breath, refresh oneself.

ἐπανα-παύω, rest upon, τῇ λαβῇ τοῦ ξίφους τὴν χεῖρα Procop.Gaz.p.170B.,Refs 2nd c.AD+ — middle (future -παύσομαι, later -παήσομαι variant in NT, rest upon, ταῖς χερσί Refs 1st c.AD+; rest in or upon, τινί LXX; rest one's hopes on, νόμῳ NT; rest content with, rely on, ταῖς παλαιαῖς ἀποβάσεσιν Refs 5th c.BC+: in Logic, to be based on, ὁ δεύτερος συλλογισμὸς ἐ. τῇ ἐννοίᾳ τοῦ ἑνός Refs __II middle, come to rest, of a machine, Refs 2nd c.BC+ come to rest in, Refs 4th c.AD+; ἐπαναπαύσεται ἐπ᾽ αὐτὸν (i.e. τὸν οἶκον) ἡ εἰρήνη ὑμῶν LXX+NT

† מְנוּחָה, מְנֻחָה n.f. resting-place, rest;—abs. מ׳ Mi 2:10 +, מְנֻחָה Gn 49:15 (but v. infr.), 2 S 14:17; sf. מְנוּחָתִי ψ 95:11 + 2 times, מְנוּחָתֶ֑ךָ ψ 132:8 = 2 Ch 6:41 (where read as in ψ, for anom. לְנוּחֶ֑ךָ MT), מְנֻחָתוֹ Is 11:10 Zc 9:1; pl. מְנוּחֹת Is 32:18, מְנֻחוֹת ψ 23:2;— 1. resting-place Mi 2:10 Nu 10:33 (JE), Dt 12:9 (+ הַנַּחֲלָה) so ψ 95:11 (י׳’s resting-pl.), cf. 132:8 = 2 Ch 6:41 (v. supr.), ψ 132:14 Is 66:1 (‖ בַּיִת אֲשֶׁר תִּבְנוּ לִי), cf. בֵּית מ׳ לַאֲרוֹן וגו׳ 1 Ch 28:2; also Is 11:10; prob. also Gn 49:15 (‖ הָאָרֶץ; טוֹב here is appar. subst., Sam. reads adj. טוֹבָה; but read perhaps מְנֻחֹה, his resting-place, from מָנוֹחַ, BallHpt Holz after 𝔖); מְנוּחֹת שַׁאֲנַנּוֹת Is 32:18 (+ נְוֵה שָׁלוֹם, מִשְׁכְּנוֹת מִבְטַחִים); of י׳’s word Zc 9:1; resting- place on journey, in שַׂר מ׳ Je 51:59 (Ew Gf Gie al.); fig. for security, assurance 2 S 14:17 (taken from resting, equilibrium, of scale according to Klo). 2. rest, quietness, pl. מֵי מְנֻחוֹת ψ 23:2; = refreshment Is 28:12 (‖ מַרְגֵּעָה); rest (from enemies) = peace 1 K 8:56 (cf. 5:18), אִישׁ מ׳ 1 Ch 22:9 a man of peace (cf. הֵנִיחַ v b); = relief from sorrow Je 45:3; condition of rest and security attained by marriage Ru 1:9 (= מָנוֹחַ 3:1).—מ׳ Ju 20:43 is perhaps n.pr., cf. GFM.

† [נִיחוֹחַ] n. [m.] soothing, tranquillizing (prob. Hebraism, v. BH id., √ נוּחַ (√ also 𝔗 Syriac));—pl. נִיח(וֹ)חִין Ezr 6:10; Dn 2:46 i.e. soothing offerings.

† רְוָחָה n.f. respite, relief;—abs. ר׳ Ex 8:11 (J); sf. רַוְחָתִי La 3:56 (Ew Löhr BuComm. צַוְחָתִי my outcry; then del. שַׁוְעָתִי as gloss.); read לָֽרְוָחָה also for MT לָֽרְוָיָה ψ 66:12 (v. sub רוה).

† [שָׁבַת] vb.denom. keep, observe (sabbath);— Qal , c. acc. cogn.; Pf. 3 fs. וְשָֽׁבְתָה הָאָרֶץ שַׁבָּת לי׳ Lv 25:2, cf. 2 Ch 36:21; 2 mpl. מֵעֶרֶב עַד־ עֶרֶב תִּשְׁבְּתוּ שַׁבַּתְּכֶ֑ם Lv 23:32 (P).

ἀνά-ψυξις, εως, ἡ, cooling, Refs 2nd c.BC+; exposure, ἑλκεοςRefs 5th c.BC+ __2 drying up, Refs 1st c.BC+ __3 relief, respite, LXX+4th c.AD+ad Them.258c; καιροὶ -εωςNT

ἀνα-ψύχω [ῡ], Epic dialect imperfect -εσκονRefs 5th c.AD+:—cool, refresh, ἀήτας Ὠκεανὸς ἀνίησιν ἀναψύχειν ἀνθρώπουςRefs 8th c.BC+; ἀνέψυχον φίλον ἦτορ were reviving their spirit, Refs 8th c.BC+; ἀ. βάτιν cool the feet in water, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, to be revived, refreshed, ἀνέψυχθεν φίλον ἦτορRefs 8th c.BC+; of the body, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὥστ᾽ ἀνεψύχης [ῠ] Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 ναῦς ἀ. let the ships rest and get dry, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀ. τὸν ἱδρῶτα let it dry off, Refs 1st c.AD+; ἀ. τὰς αὐλαίας dry them, Refs:—passive, to be dried up, Refs 1st c.BC+ __3 metaphorically, with genitive, ἀ. πόνων τινά give him relief from toil, NT+5th c.BC+ __4 in Medicine texts, expose to air, κατὰ τὸ ἕλκος ἐῶσιν ἀνεψῦχθαιRefs 5th c.BC+; compare ἀναψύχειν· γυμνοῦν, Refs 1st c.AD+ __II the active is also used intransitive, become cool, recover, revive, Refs 4th c.BC+; εὗρεν.. δρόμων ἀναψύχουσαν [τὴν ἔλαφον] Refs 2nd c.AD+; take relaxation, Refs 3rd c.AD+

κοίμ-ησις, εως, ἡ, lying down to sleep, κοιμήσεις ἐπὶ θύραις NT+5th c.BC+ __II the sleep of death, LXX+3rd c.AD+

συνανα-παύομαι, passive, sleep with, γυναικί Refs 1st c.BC+; to be refreshed, receive comfort along with, ὑμῖν NT

† הֲנָחָה n.f. a giving of rest, i.e. perhaps holiday-making (cf. jwn Hiph. A;) proposes Inf., Sta§ 621 c BaNB 90, cf. Köii. 1, 402;—וַה׳ לַמְּדִינוֹת עָשָׂה Est 2:18 and a holiday-making for the provinces be enacted, 𝔙 requies; but 𝔊 ἄφεσις, whence al. release from taxes, or amnesty.

† פּוּגַת (Ges§ 80 f) n.f. benumbing (fig.), cessation;—אַל־תִּתְּנִי פ׳ לָךְ La 2:18 grant thyself no benumbing (read prob. פּוּגֹת).

† מַרְגּוֹעַ n.[m.] rest (poet.), Je 6:16 וּמִצְאוּ מ׳ לְנַפְשְׁכֶם.

† מַרְגֵּעָה n.f. rest, repose (poet.), Is 28:12 אֲשֶׁר אָמַר זֹאת הַמּ׳ וְלֹא אָבוּא שְׁמוֹעַ (‖ הַמְּנוּחָה).

† [פּוּג] vb. grow numb (Arabic فَاجَ grow cool; Syriac ܦܳܓ be cold (Mt 24:12), 𝔗 פּוּג cease, be helpless; NH id., fail, vanish);*— Qal Impf. 3 ms. וַיָּפָג לִבּוֹ Gn 45:26; 3 fs. תָּפוּג ψ 77:3 of hand (si vera l., v. נגר), i.e. drop helpless; Hb 1:4 of תּוֹרָה, i.e. be ineffective. Niph. Pf. 1 s. נְפוּגֹתִי וְנִדְכֵּיתִי ψ 38:9 I am benumbed and crushed (fig.); read prob. also אֶפּוֹגָה ψ 88:16 (for MT ἅπ. λεγ. אָפוּנָה), Ol Hup Dy Gr Che אָפוּגָה.