κᾰκόω G2559
To mistreat, harm, or oppress someone; to afflict with suffering or injustice.
Kakoo means to treat someone badly, causing them harm or distress. In the NT it appears exclusively in Acts, tracing a thread of persecution through salvation history: God foretells that Abraham's descendants will be enslaved and mistreated for four hundred years (Acts 7:6), Pharaoh deals treacherously with Israel (Acts 7:19), Herod lays violent hands on church leaders (Acts 12:1), and hostile crowds in Iconium are poisoned against the believers (Acts 14:2). The Lord's assurance to Paul in Corinth -- 'no one will harm you' (Acts 18:10) -- forms the counterpoint. Spanish 'maltratar' and French 'maltraiter' both preserve the root sense of treating badly.
Senses
1. mistreat, harm, oppress — To mistreat, harm, or oppress -- inflicting suffering or injustice upon a person. The NT usage centers on Acts' narrative of persecution across eras: the Egyptian oppression of Israel (Acts 7:6, 19), Herod's attack on the early church (Acts 12:1), the stirring up of hostility at Iconium (Acts 14:2), and God's protective promise to Paul at Corinth (Acts 18:10). The classical Greek range extends to spoiling things or ruining health, but the NT consistently applies it to the maltreatment of persons. 6×
AR["أَساءوا", "أَسَاءَ-إِلَى", "سَيُسِيئُونَ", "لِـ-يُسِيءَ", "لِيُؤْذِيَـ", "يُؤذيكُم"]·ben["কষ্ট-দিল", "কষ্ট-দেবে", "ক্ষতি-করতে", "ক্ষতি-করবে", "খারাপ-করল", "নির্যাতন-করতে"]·DE["misshandeln", "κακώσουσιν", "κακῶσαί", "ἐκάκωσαν", "ἐκάκωσεν"]·EN["embittered", "harming", "mistreated", "to-harm", "will-mistreat"]·FR["maltraiter", "κακώσων"]·heb["הֵרֵעוּ", "הֵרַע", "הַמֵּרַע", "יְעַנּוּם", "לְהָרַע"]·HI["दुःख-दिया", "दुःख-देंगे", "दुख-देने-को", "बुरा-किया", "हानि-करने-वाला", "हानि-पहुँचाने"]·ID["akan-menyakiti", "menyakiti", "menyiksa", "meracuni", "untuk-menyiksa"]·IT["kakōsōn", "maltrattare"]·jav["kang-nyilakani", "nganggu", "nganiaya", "ngawonaken"]·KO["학대할-것이다", "학대했다", "해쳤다", "해치려고", "해하기-위해", "해할-자냐"]·PT["irritaram", "maltratarão", "maltratou", "vos-fará-mal,"]·RU["будут-угнетать", "озлобили", "притеснял", "причинивший-зло", "причинить-зло", "чтобы-сделать-зло"]·ES["envenenaron", "maltratar", "maltratarán", "maltrató", "para-hacerte-mal", "que-os-dañará"]·SW["aliwatesa", "atakayewadhuru", "kukudhuru", "kuwadhuru", "wakawachukiza", "watawatesa"]·TR["bizim", "kötü-davranacaklar", "kötüe-davranmak-için", "kötülük-etmek", "kötülük-ettiler", "zarar-verecek"]·urd["ایذا-دینے", "برا-بھلا-کیا", "بُرا-کیا", "ظلم-کریں-گے", "نقصان-پہنچانے-والا", "نقصان-پہنچانے-کو"]
Related Senses
H4421 1. war, battle, armed conflict (319×)H0341 1. enemy, adversary, foe (284×)H3898a 1. Nifal: to fight, wage war (167×)H2026 1. kill, slay (active) (146×)H2451 1. wisdom, discernment (146×)H5483b 1. horse (the animal) (138×)H0006 1. to perish, be destroyed (105×)H7843 1. Hifil: destroy, annihilate (83×)H2491a 1. slain, fatally pierced (74×)H6862c 1. adversary, enemy, foe (69×)H8045 1. destroy, exterminate (69×)G0615 1. kill, put to death (60×)H6571b 1. horseman, cavalryman (52×)H8077a 1. desolation, waste (abstract state) (52×)G4678 1. of wisdom (51×)G4717 1. crucify, fasten to a cross (46×)H2763a 1. utterly destroy (Hifil active) (44×)G0622 1. perish, be destroyed (intransitive) (41×)H0006 2. to destroy, annihilate (Piel) (38×)H8074 1. be desolate, lie waste (36×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
κᾰκόω, maltreat, distress, in Refs 8th c.BC+ always of persons, κεκακωμένοι ἐν Πύλῳ ἦμεν, ἐλθὼν γάρ ῥ᾽ ἐκάκωσε βίη Ἡρακληείη Refs 8th c.BC+; μηδὲ.. κάκου κεκακωμένον afflict not the afflicted, Refs 8th c.BC+; κ. [θεὸς] δῶμα Refs 5th c.BC+:—in passive, to be in ill plight, be distressed, κεκακωμένος ἅλμῃ befouled with brine, Refs 8th c.BC+ __2 of things, spoil, ruin, τὰ κοινά Refs 5th c.BC+; of…