θεο-στῠγής G2319
God-hated or God-hating; either hated by God or hating God; despised by deity or despising deity.
This compound adjective can mean either 'hated by God' (passive sense) or 'hating God' (active sense). Classical usage primarily meant 'hated by the gods,' but Paul likely intends the active meaning—haters of God. It appears in Romans in a vice list describing fallen humanity apart from grace. The term combines θεός with στυγέω (to hate with horror or abhorrence), suggesting not mere dislike but intense hostility or divine abhorrence. Whether describing those whom God hates or those who hate God, it marks the ultimate relational breach between Creator and creature.
Senses
1. sense 1 — Romans 1:30 lists this term among the vices characterizing humanity suppressing the truth in unrighteousness. Most interpreters favor the active sense—God-haters—as fitting the catalog of human sins. Classical parallels emphasize being hated by gods, but Paul's context suggests active hatred toward God. The multilingual glosses show interpretive variety ('aborrecedores-de-Theós,' 'haïssant-Dieu,' 'Gotteshasser'). Whether passive or active, the term describes profound alienation from God—either reciprocal divine hatred for the wicked or human rebellion expressing itself in hatred of the Creator. 1×
AR["مُبغِضي-اللهِ"]·ben["ঈশ্বর-বিদ্বেষী,"]·DE["Gotteshasser"]·EN["haters-of-God"]·FR["haïssant-Dieu"]·heb["שׂוֹנְאֵי-אֱלֹהִים"]·HI["परमेश्वर-से-घृणा-करनेवाले"]·ID["pembenci-Allah,"]·IT["odiatore-di-Dio"]·jav["sengit-Gusti Allah,"]·KO["하나님을-미워하는-자들"]·PT["odiadores-de-Deus"]·RU["богоненавистников"]·ES["aborrecedores-de-Theós"]·SW["wenye-kumchukia-Mungu,"]·TR["Tanrı'dan-nefret-edenler"]·urd["خدا-سے-نفرت-کرنے-والے"]
Related Senses
G2316 1. God, the true God (1315×)H6635b 1. hosts, armies (of YHWH) (286×)H0410 1. God, the true God (223×)G0032 1. heavenly angel (170×)H4397 2. messenger, envoy, ambassador (102×)H3742 1. cherub, angelic guardian being (91×)H0430 2. gods (pagan deities) (81×)H0426 1. God, the true God (76×)G1140 1. demon, evil spirit (62×)H0433 1. God, the true God (54×)H5945b 1. Most High (30×)G4152 1. spiritual (21×)H0426 2. god(s), pagan deities (20×)H5943 1. [ketiv:Most High] (18×)G1139 1. be demon-possessed (13×)H1712 1. Dagon (13×)G2316 2. god, pagan deity (12×)G5310 1. Most High (9×)H0410 3. a god, deity (generic) (9×)H3645 1. Chemosh (9×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
θεο-στῠγής, ές, hated of the gods, Refs 5th c.BC+; hated of God, NT (where some take it active, hating God).