This verb means to pour something over or upon something else—to pour out liquid onto a surface or object. In Luke 10:34, the Good Samaritan pours oil and wine on the wounded man's injuries, a standard ancient medical treatment. Classical usage included both liquids (water, wine) and metaphorical pouring (pouring sleep upon someone, pouring laments over the dead). The prefix ἐπι- emphasizes the 'upon' dimension—this isn't just pouring but pouring onto something specific. The multilingual evidence is direct: pouring on, verser sur, echando (pouring).