ἐπι-σπάω G1986
to draw over, pull back, efface circumcision
This verb means to pull or draw something over something else. In 1 Corinthians 7:18, it has a specific medical and cultural meaning: to pull the foreskin forward to conceal the marks of circumcision, a practice called epispasm. Some Hellenized Jews underwent surgical procedures to reverse circumcision and appear uncircumcised in Greek gymnasia. Paul's point is that one should not seek to efface the physical signs of their covenant status. The multilingual evidence shows most translators grasp this specific meaning: Spanish 'se-haga-incircunciso,' though English 'let-him-become-uncircumcised' is more interpretive than literal.
Senses
1. sense 1 — Paul's instruction in 1 Corinthians 7:18 addresses a real first-century practice where circumcised men sought to reverse the procedure to avoid social stigma in Greco-Roman culture. The cross-linguistic glosses largely reflect the specific cultural practice rather than the literal meaning of the verb (draw over, pull). This shows how translators prioritize communicating the historical reality—surgical reversal of circumcision—over the base vocabulary, recognizing most modern readers won't know about epispasm without explanation. 1×
AR["لِـيَسترْجِعْ-الغُرْلَةَ"]·ben["সে-টেনে-নিক;"]·DE["unbeschnitten-machen"]·EN["let-him-become-uncircumcised"]·FR["tirer"]·heb["יִמְשֹׁךְ"]·HI["खिंचे"]·ID["menutupi-sunat;"]·IT["tirare-indietro"]·jav["mboten-dipun-sunat;"]·KO["회복하라"]·PT["faça-se-incircunciso;"]·RU["пусть-становится-необрезанным;"]·ES["se-haga-incircunciso"]·SW["kutotahiriwa;"]·TR["örtsün"]·urd["غیر-ختنہ-بنے"]
Related Senses
H0935 1. come, arrive (Qal) (2413×)G1473 1. first person singular pronoun (2084×)H3318 1. Qal: go out, depart, come forth (891×)H7725 1. to return, come/go back (Qal) (874×)H5927 1. go up, ascend (Qal) (779×)H7971 1. to send, dispatch (Qal) (701×)G2064 1. come / arrive (physical movement toward) (588×)H5307 1. Qal: fall down physically (339×)H5375 1. Qal: to lift up, raise (330×)H5975 1. to stand, stand up (310×)H5674a 1. Qal: pass by, pass through (256×)H3381 1. Qal: to go down, descend (physical movement) (242×)G1831 1. go/come out physically (193×)H5337 1. deliver, rescue, save (Hifil) (188×)H7901 1. lie down, rest, sleep (183×)G1525 1. enter a place physically (179×)H7812 1. prostrate oneself, bow down, worship (173×)H3318 2. Hifil: bring out, lead out, take out (persons) (172×)H7725 2. to bring back, restore (Hifil) (151×)H5674a 2. Qal: cross over (134×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
ἐπι-σπάω, draw or drag after one, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἦγ᾽ ἐπισπάσας κόμης by the hair, Refs 5th c.BC+:— middle, Refs 5th c.BC+ —passive, ἐπισπασθῆναι τῇ χειρί with the hand, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2. metaphorically, bring on, cause, τοσόνδε πλῆθος πημάτων Refs 4th c.BC+ __3. pull to, τὴν θύραν Refs 5th c.BC+; compare ἐπισπαστήρ: ἐπισπασθέντος τοῦ βρόχου being drawn tight, Refs 4th c.BC+ __4. attract, gain,…