ἔλεγχος G1650
proof, evidence, conviction, demonstration
This noun means proof, evidence, or refutation. 2 Timothy 3:16 lists it among Scripture's uses—teaching, reproof, correction, training—while Hebrews 11:1 defines faith as 'the conviction of things not seen.' The word's classical sense included cross-examination and testing for refutation. New Testament usage emphasizes both corrective reproof and demonstrative evidence, the proving of reality.
Senses
1. sense 1 — Referring to proof or evidence that establishes reality, this sense appears in two distinct contexts. 2 Timothy 3:16 includes reproof among Scripture's functions for correcting error, while Hebrews 11:1 uses it of faith's conviction that unseen realities exist. The German 'Beweis' (proof) captures the evidential dimension: reproof proves error, faith proves invisible truths. 2×
AR["التَوْبيخِ", "بُرْهَان"]·ben["তিরস্কারের,", "প্রমাণ"]·DE["Beweis"]·EN["evidence", "reproof"]·FR["Beweis"]·heb["הוֹכָחָה", "תוֹכָחָה"]·HI["दोखह-देन,", "प्रमाण"]·ID["bukti", "teguran"]·IT["elegchos", "elegmon"]·jav["bukti", "panyaruwé,"]·KO["책망-을-위해", "확증이니"]·PT["prova"]·RU["обличение", "обличения"]·ES["prueba", "reprensión"]·SW["kukemea", "ushahidi"]·TR["azarlamaya", "kanıtı"]·urd["تنبیہ-کے", "ثبوت"]
Related Senses
H3045 1. Qal: to know, perceive, understand (829×)H5315 1. soul, inner being (647×)H3820a 1. heart, inner self (mind/will/emotion) (572×)H4672 1. Qal: find, discover (289×)G1492 1. know facts or truths (285×)H3824 1. heart, inner self (mind/will/emotion) (250×)H1245 1. seek, search for (200×)G1097 1. know, be acquainted with (196×)H2142 1. Qal: remember, recall (173×)G2588 1. heart (inner self, mind, will) (158×)H0977 1. choose, select (Qal active) (145×)G2147 1. find, discover (144×)G5590 1. soul, inner self (100×)H4672 2. Niphal: be found, be discovered (99×)H1875 1. seek, search for (96×)H5315 2. life, vitality (94×)H1847 1. knowledge, discernment (90×)H2450 1. wise, prudent (84×)H7911 1. Qal: to forget (83×)H3684 1. fool, dullard (70×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
ἔλεγχος, ὁ, __B argument of disproof or refutation, πολύδηρις ἔ. Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐλέγχου ἄγνοια, ignoratio elenchi, Refs 1st c.BC+ __B.II generally, cross-examining, testing, scrutiny, especially for purposes of refutation, οὐκ ἔχει ἔλεγχον does not admit of disproof, Refs 5th c.BC+; τῶνδ᾽ ἔλεγχον, absolutely, as a test of this, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἔ. παραδοῦναί τινι to give him an opportunity of…