Testing and Proving

† [נָסָה] vb. Pi. test, try (NH id., Pi.; 𝔗 Pa. נַסִּי; Syriac Pa. ܢܰܣܺܝ; cf. Ethiopic መንሱት temptation);— Pi. Pf. 3 ms. נִסָּה Dt 4:34 + 3 times; sf. נִסָּהוּ Ex 15:25; 3 fs. נִסְּתָה Dt 28:56; 1 s. נִסִּיתִי Ec 7:23, + 4 times Pf.; Impf. 3 ms. sf. יְנַסֵּם Dn 1:14; 1 s. אֲנְסֶּה Ju 6:39; sf. אֲנַסְּכָה Ec 2:2; 3 mpl. יְנַסּוּ Nu 14:22; 2 mpl. תְּנַסּ֑וּן Ex 17:2, + 7 times Impf.; Imv. נַס Dn 1:12; sf. נַסֵּנִי ψ 26:2; Inf. cstr. נַסּוֹת Ex 20:20, + 8 times Inf.; Pt. מְנַסֶּה Dt 13:4;— 1. test, try (syn. בחן), abs. 1 S 17:39 (equipment); c. בְּ Ju 6:39 Ec 2:1; c. acc. Dn 1:12, 14; acc. + בְּ 1 K 10:1 = 2 Ch 9:1, Ec 2:1; 7:23. 2. attempt, essay, try to do a thing, c. Inf. Dt 4:34 (c. לְ) 28:56; c. acc. Jb 4:2 (venture a word). 3. test, try, prove, tempt [but not in modern sense of the word: v. Dr Dt 6:16; ψ 453, 483] a. God tests or proves Abr. Gn 22:1 (E), Isr. Ex 15:25; 20:20 (E), 16:4 (J), Dt 8:2, 16; 13:4; c. בְּ Ju 2:22; 3:1, 4; tribe of Levi Dt 33:8 (poem); Hezekiah 2 Ch 32:31; psalmist ψ 26:2. b. Isr. tests, or tries God: Ex 17:2, 7; Nu 14:22 (J), Dt 6:16 ψ 78:18, 41, 56; 95:9; 106:14; so Ahaz, Is 7:12.

† [בָּחַן] vb. examine, try (cf. Aramaic בְּחַן, Syriac ܒܰܚܶܢ, try, examine; Arabic محن i. viiii. test, cf. WSG 65)— Qal Pf. sf. בְּחָנַ֫נִי Jb 23:10, בָּחַנְתָּ ψ 17:3 + 7 times; Impf. יִבְחָ֑ן ψ 11:5 + 5 times; Imv. sf. בְּחָנֵנִי ψ 26:2 + 2 times; Inf. בְּחֹן Zc 13:9; Pt. בֹּחֵן Je 11:20 + 5 times (‖ צרף, נסה);— 1. examine, scrutinize, try ψ 11:5; 139:23 Jb 7:18; עַפְעַפָּיו יִבְחֲנוּ בְנֵי אָדָם His eyelids try the children of men (search them through and through) ψ 11:4. 2. prove, test, try. a. with the metaphor of gold Jb 23:10; וּבְחַנְתִּים כִּבְחֹן אֶת־הַזָּהָב and I will try them as one tries gold Zc 13:9. b. without metaphor, of God testing persons ψ 26:2; 66:10; 81:8 Je 9:6; ways Je 6:27 (prophet); the לֵב ψ 17:3 Je 12:3 Pr 17:3 1 Ch 29:17; reins Je 17:10; heart and reins ψ 7:10 Je 11:20 (= 20:12). c. of man testing or tempting God ψ 95:9 Mal 3:10, 15. d. the ear trying words Jb 12:11 = 34:3. Niph. Impf. יִבָּחֵן Jb 34:36 Gn 42:15, 16, to be tried, proved. Pu. בֹּחַן Ez 21:18 the trial has been made (𝔊 𝔖 𝔙 Ges MV Ew Ke, but noun בֹּ֫חַן MT Symm Haev; read בְּחֵן with grace, favour, Hi Co).

δοκῐμάζω, (δόκιμος) assay, test, πορφύραν καὶ χρυσόν Refs 5th c.BC+:—middle, prove for oneself, choose, χώραν Refs 5th c.BC+:— passive, ἐπειδὰν τὸ ἔργον.. δοκιμασθῇ Refs __2 of persons, δ. αὐτούς put them to the test, make trial of them, Refs 5th c.BC+; also of Apis-bulls, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II approve, sanction, μετὰ δεδοκιμασμένου [λόγου] μὴ ξυνέπεσθαι Refs 5th c.BC+infinitive, ἐκπονεῖν ἐδοκίμαζε he approved of their working, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 as a political term, __II.2.a approve after scrutiny as fit for an office, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, to be approved as fit, Refs 5th c.BC+; μου δοκιμαζομένου when I was undergoing a scrutiny, Refs 4th c.BC+; δεδοκιμασμένος [ἰατρός] Refs 2nd c.AD+: metaphorically, ὃν ὁ Ἥφαιστος ἐδοκίμασεν Refs 2nd c.BC+; ὑπὲρ τοῦ στεφανωθῆναι δοκιμάζομαι Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.2.b pass as fit to serve, ἱππεύειν δεδοκιμασμένος Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2.c examine and admit boys to the class of ἔφηβοι or ἔφηβοι to the rights of manhood, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2.d test an orator's right to speak Refs __II.3 with infinitive, think fit to do, Refs 1st c.AD+: with negative, refuse to do, NT+1st c.AD+

πειρ-ασμός, ὁ, trial, LXX+NT; οἱ ἐπὶ τῶν παθῶν π. Refs 1st c.AD+ __2 worry, LXX __II temptation,LXX+NT

συνίστημι, also συνιστάνω Refs 2nd c.BC+; συνιστάω NT+4th c.BC+; imperfect συνίστα Refs 2nd c.BC+imperfect συνίστην, future συστήσω, aorist 1 συνέστησα: transitive perfect συνέστᾰκα, found only in later texts, Refs 1st c.AD+:—set together, combine, τὰς χορδὰς ἀλλήλαις Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰς ἄρκυς καὶ τὰ δίκτυα falsa lectio in Refs 5th c.BC+ __II combine, associate, unite, σ. τοὺς Ἀρκάδας ἐπὶ τῇ Σπάρτῃ Refs 5th c.BC+; ταύτας (i.e. τὰς πόλεις) Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.b σ. Ἀσίην ἑωυτῷ unite Asia in dependence on himself, Refs 5th c.BC+; μαντικὴν ἑωυτῷ συστῆσαι bring prophetic art into union with himself, i.e. win, acquire it, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III put together, organize, frame, ζῷον ἔμψυχον Refs 5th c.BC+; πρᾶγμα ὁτιοῦν ἐκ μοχθηρῶν καὶ χρηστῶν σ. Refs 5th c.BC+; ἑταιρείαν Legal cited in Refs 4th c.BC+ —middle, τοῖς ἑτέραν αἵρεσιν (school) συστησαμένοις Refs 2nd c.AD+ __III.2 contrive, σ. θάνατον ἐπί τινι Refs 5th c.BC+; σ. τιμάς settle prices, Refs 4th c.BC+ __III.3 middle in these senses, τὸ ὅλον συνίστασθαι Refs 5th c.BC+: mostly aorist 1, μὴ ἐκ χρηστῶν καὶ κακῶν ἀνθρώπων συστήσηται πόλιν Refs 5th c.BC+; πᾶν τόδεRefs 5th c.BC+; πολιορκίαν Refs 2nd c.BC+; ἀηδίαν Refs 2nd c.AD+; οὐδένα λόγον συνισταμένη πρὸς ἡμᾶς rendering no account to us. Refs 2nd c.BC+; σ. ἀγῶνας Refs 1st c.AD+; ναυτικὰς δυνάμεις, μισθοφόρους, Refs 2nd c.BC+; also, arrange in order of battle, rally, Refs 1st c.BC+ __III.4 in Mathematics texts, erect two straight lines from points on a given straight line so as to meet and form a triangle, in passive, Refs 4th c.BC+; of two arcs of great circles on a sphere, Refs __III.5 of an author, compose, μύθους, τὴν Ὀδύσσειαν, etc., Refs 4th c.BC+ __IV bring together as friends, introduce or recommend one to another, τινάς τινι Refs 5th c.BC+; ἵνα τῳ τῶν.. σοφιστῶν.. συστήσω τουτονί, as a pupil, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, συνεστάθη Κύρῳ Refs 5th c.BC+; Κύρῳ συσταθησόμενοςRefs 3rd c.BC+; ἔχειν τινὰ συνεσταμένον, συνιστάμενον, regard him as introduced or recommended, Refs 1st c.AD+ __IV.b recommend, secure approval of a course of action, Refs 5th c.BC+:— middle, recommend persons for appointment, Refs 4th c.AD+ __IV.c τὸ οἰκεῖον συνιστάναι bring about intimacy, Refs 4th c.BC+ __IV.d place in the charge of, συνέστησεν ὁ ἀρχιδεσμώτης τῷ Ἰωσὴφ αὐτούς LXX+2nd c.AD+ __IV.e appoint to a charge, LXX; appoint a representative, σ. ἀντ᾽ ἐμαυτῆς τὸν ἕτερον ἐμοῦ ἀδελφόν Refs 2nd c.AD+; συνέστησά σε φροντιοῦντά μου τῶν ὑπαρχόντων Refs 2nd c.AD+:—passive, Refs 2nd c.BC+; ἐπίτροπος συσταθείς Refs 3rd c.AD+; συσταθεὶς συνήγορος Refs 1st c.AD+ __IV.2 of a debtor, offer another as a guarantee, τινί τινα Refs 5th c.BC+infinitive, συστήσαντος ἀποδοῦναι introduce the party who was to pay, Refs 4th c.BC+: with accusative of things, guarantee a loan, ἃς (i.e. δραχμὰς) συνέστησεν Ἀρτεμίδωρος ἀργυ (ρίου) Refs 3rd c.BC+; ἃς (i.e. δραχμὰς) παρὰ Ἱέρωνος συνεστήσαμεν Refs 3rd c.BC+; Σέλευκός μου αὐτοὺς (i.e. τοὺς τρεῖς στατῆρας) ἐκκέκρουκε λέγων ὅτι συνέστακας ἑαυτῷ Refs 1st c.AD+ __V make solid or firm, brace up, τὸ σῶμα Refs 5th c.BC+; σ. [τὰ ἴχνη] sets them, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὑπὲρ τοῦ συνεστῶτος [τοῦ τείχους], i.e. the unbroken part, Refs 4th c.AD+; contract, condense, opposed to διακρίνω or διαλύω, Refs 4th c.BC+; of liquids, make them congeal, curdle, γάλα Refs 5th c.BC+ with a frown, Refs 1st c.AD+ __VI exhibit, give proof of, εὔνοιαν Refs 2nd c.BC+: with accusative et infinitive, Refs 1st c.BC+: with participle, σ. τινὰς ὄντας Refs __VI.2 prove, establish, Refs 1st c.BC+ __B passive, with aorist 2 active συνέστην: perfect συνέστηκα, participle συνεστηκώς, contraction συνεστώς, ῶσα, ώς or ός Refs 5th c.BC+, Ionic dialect συνεστεώς, εῶσα (neuter not found), Refs 5th c.BC+: future συσταθήσομαι Refs 5th c.BC+; future middle ξυστήσομαι Refs 5th c.BC+aorist passive συνεστάθην [ᾰ] Refs 5th c.BC+, etc.:—stand together, περὶ τὸν τρίποδα (of statues) Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to διίστασθαι, Refs 5th c.BC+; of soldiers, form in order of battle, Refs __B.II in hostile sense, to be joined, of battle, once in Refs 8th c.BC+; τοῦτο συνεστήκεε this combat continued, Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.II.2 of persons, συνίστασθαί τινι meet in fight, be cngaged with, Refs 5th c.BC+ was at odds with.. , Refs when the generals were at issue, Refs; συνίσταται ἐπ᾽ ἐμέ makes a dead set at me, Refs 4th c.BC+ __B.II.3 to be involved or implicated in a thing, λιμῷ, πόνῳ, λιμῷ καὶ καμάτῳ, Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.III of friends, form a league or union, band together, Refs; κατὰ σφᾶς αὐτοὺς ξ. Refs 5th c.BC+; ξυνίστασθαι πρὸς ἑκατέρους league themselves with one side or the other, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐπί τινας against them, Refs 5th c.BC+; καί μ᾽ οὐ λέληθεν οὐδὲν ἐν τῇ πόλει ξυνιστάμενον no conspiracy, Refs 5th c.BC+; οἱ συνιστάμενοι the conspirators, Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.III.2 generally, to be connected or allied, as by marriage, with accusative cognate, λέχος Ἡρακλεῖ ξυστᾶσα Refs 5th c.BC+put yourself into connexion with.., PMag. Leid.W. Refs 5th c.BC+ acting with Refs 4th c.BC+ __B.III.3 of an assembly, to be in session, ἔτι τῆς ἐκκλησίας συνεστώσης Refs 1st c.AD+; τῆς τῶν Νεμείων πανηγύρεως σ. Refs 2nd c.BC+ __B.IV to come or be put together, of parts, συνιστάμεν᾽ ἄλλοθεν ἄλλα Refs 5th c.BC+; ἡ πόλις ἐξ οἰκιῶν σ. Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐξ ὧν ὁ κόσμος σ. Refs 4th c.BC+; especially in military sense, ξυνεστὼς στρατός an organized army, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἱππικὸν συνεστηκός an organized force of cavalry, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ συνεστηκὸς στράτευμα the organized force, Refs 4th c.BC+ __B.IV.b of a play, to be composed, Refs 4th c.BC+; ἡ πολιτεία (compared to a tragedy) συνέστηκε μίμησις τοῦ καλλίστου βίου Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.IV.c arise, take shape or body, τὸ συνιστάμενον κακόν Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐνταῦθα συνίστανται [ψύλλαι] Refs 4th c.BC+; σ. ἀπό τινος arise from.., Refs 1st c.BC+ __B.IV.d in aorist 2 and perfect, come into existence, exist, μεγάλη συνέστη δύναμις βασιλέων Refs 5th c.BC+; κεχωρίσθαι ἀπ᾽ ἀλλήλων τῆς συστάσης αὐτοῖς συμβιώσεως Refs 1st c.BC+; οἰκία.. σὺν τοῖς συνεστῶσι μέτροις καὶ πηχισμοῖς καὶ συνεστῶσι θεμελίοις Refs 1st c.AD+ __B.V to be compact, solid, firm, οὔτε σκιδνάμενον οὔτε συνιστάμενον Refs 4th c.BC+; συνεστῶτα σώματα, of animals in good condition, Refs 5th c.BC+; acquire substance or consistency, of eggs, Refs 4th c.BC+; of blood, honey, milk,Refs 5th c.BC+; of the embryo, συνίσταται καὶ λαμβάνει τὴν οἰκείαν μορφήν Refs 4th c.BC+; of the brain, Refs; of the bowels, Refs 5th c.BC+; ῥεῦμα συνεστηκός concentrated, Refs; συνεστηκυῖα χιών congealed, frozen, Refs 2nd c.BC+ __B.VI to be contracted, συνεστῶτι τῷ προσώπῳ frowning, Refs 1st c.AD+; τοῦ ξυνεστῶτος φρενῶν Refs 5th c.BC+; συνεστηκώς absorbed in thought, Refs 4th c.BC+ __B.VII συνέστηκε with accusative et infinitive, it is well known that.., = Latin constat, Refs 4th c.AD+ __B.VIII to be weighed together, συνεστάθη Refs 2nd c.BC+

δοκῐμ-ή, ἡ, proof, test, interpolated in Refs 1st c.AD+ __2 tried or approved character, NT

ἔνδειξις, εως, ἡ, indication, ἔνδειξιν τῷ λόγῳ ἐνδείκνυσθαι, opposed to ἐννοεῖν, NT+5th c.BC+ __2 as law-term, laying of information against one who discharged public functions for which he was legally disqualified, writ of indictment in such a case, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II demonstration, display of one's good will Refs 4th c.BC+ __III proof, demonstration, Refs 6th c.AD+

βᾰσᾰν-ος, ἡ, touchstone, on which pure gold leaves a yellow streak, ἐς βάσανον δ᾽ ἐλθὼν παρατρίβομαι ὥστε μολύβδῳ χρυσός Refs 6th c.BC+ __II the use of this as a test, χρυσὸς ἐν β. πρέπει Refs 5th c.BC+: generally, test, trial of genuineness, οὐκ ἔστιν μείζων β. χρόνου [Refs 5th c.BC+; εἰς β. εἶ χερῶν wilt come to a trial of strength, Refs 5th c.BC+; [νόσου] ἔσχ᾽ ἐπὶ σοὶ βάσανον had experienced it in you, i. e. you had had it first, Refs; βάσανον ὑποκείσονται will be subjected to a test, of candidates, Refs 3rd c.AD+ __III inquiry by torture, ἐς πᾶσαν β. ἀπικνέεσθαι Refs 5th c.BC+; especially at Athens, used to extort evidence from slaves, εἰς β. δέχεσθαι Refs 5th c.BC+: in plural, confession upon torture, Refs 4th c.BC+ __III.2 agony of battle, ἡ κατὰ τὸ ἔργον β. Refs 2nd c.AD+; tortures of disease, NT+2nd c.AD+; torments of hell,NT __III.3 trespass-offering, LXX

δοκῐμ-εῖον, τό, test, means of testing, Refs 5th c.BC+ (variant δοκίμιον, as in NT+1st c.BC+; proof, εὐσεβείας Refs 1st c.BC+

ἔλεγχος, ὁ, __B argument of disproof or refutation, πολύδηρις ἔ. Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐλέγχου ἄγνοια, ignoratio elenchi, Refs 1st c.BC+ __B.II generally, cross-examining, testing, scrutiny, especially for purposes of refutation, οὐκ ἔχει ἔλεγχον does not admit of disproof, Refs 5th c.BC+; τῶνδ᾽ ἔλεγχον, absolutely, as a test of this, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἔ. παραδοῦναί τινι to give him an opportunity of refuting, Refs 5th c.BC+; δόμεν τι βασάνῳ ἐς ἔ. to submit it to scrutiny, Refs 5th c.BC+; χρυσὸς νόθου ἀρετῆς ἔ. Refs; ἀρετῆς ἔ. δοῦναι a proof or test of it, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἔ. διδόναι τοῦ βίου to give an account of one's life, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἔ. ποιεῖν τινός to test it, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἔ. λαβεῖν τινός make trial of it, Refs; ἐλέγχους ἀποδέχεσθαι to admit tests, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐλέγχους προσφέρειν to allege them, Refs 5th c.BC+; διάπειρα βροτῶν ἔ. Refs 5th c.BC+; εἰς ἔ. πεσεῖν to be convicted, Refs 5th c.BC+; δεικνυμένων ἐ. Refs 5th c.BC+; εἰς ἔ. ἐξιέναι to proceed to the proof, put to the test, Refs; or, to be put to the proof, Refs 5th c.BC+; οἱ περὶ Παυσανίαν ἔ. the evidence on which he was convicted, NT+5th c.BC+ __B.III Ἔλεγχος personified, Refs 4th c.BC+ __B.III.b applied to Refs 1st c.AD+ __B.IV catalogue, inventory, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __B.V drop-pearl, Refs 1st c.AD+

πεῖρα, ας (Ionic dialect πεῖρα, accusative πεῖραν, genitive -ης), Aeolic dialect πέρρα Refs 4th c.AD+: ἡ:— trial, attempt, π. τοι μαθήσιος ἀρχά Refs 7th c.BC+; opposed to δόξα, Refs 6th c.BC+; ἢν μὲν ξυμβῇ ἡ π. Refs 3rd c.BC+; πεῖραν ἔχοντες being proved, Refs 5th c.BC+; but πεῖραν ἔχειν τινός to have experience of.., Refs 5th c.BC+; π. τινῶν ἔχειν ὅτι.. Refs; π. ἔχει τῆς γνώμης involves a trial of your resolution, Refs 5th c.BC+; πεῖράν τινος λαμβάνειν or λαβεῖν to make trial or proof of.., Refs 5th c.BC+; also, gain experience of.., ἐν ἑαυτῷRefs 5th c.BC+; πεῖράν τινος διδόναι (cf. Latin specimen sui edere) Darei Epist. in Refs 5th c.BC+; π. ποιεῖσθαι εἰ.. Refs 4th c.BC+; π. δέξασθαι undertake, Refs 1st c.AD+ __2 with Preps., ἀπὸ πείρης by experiment, opposed to αὐτόματον, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀποδοκιμασθῆναι διὰ τῆς π. Refs 5th c.BC+; ἰέναι ἐς τὴν π. τοῦ ναυτικοῦ try an action by sea, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀκοῆς κρείσσων ἐς π. ἔρχεται turns out on trial greater than report, Refs 4th c.BC+; Κύρου ἐν πείρᾳ γενέσθαι to have been acquainted with Cyrus, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐπὶ πείρᾳ by way of test or trial, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐπὶ π. δούς on trial, Refs 4th c.BC+; π. θανάτου πέρι καὶ ζωᾶς a contest for.., Refs 5th c.BC+ __II attempt on or against one, πεῖράν τιν᾽ ἐχθρῶν ἁρπάσαι a means of attacking.., Refs 5th c.BC+; especially attempt to seduce a woman, Refs 1st c.AD+: absolutely, attempt, enterprise, Refs 5th c.BC+; πεῖραν ἀφορμᾶν to go forth upon an enterprise, Refs 5th c.BC+; compare πειρατής. (Cf. Latin experior, peritus.)

ἀπόδειξις, Ionic dialect -δεξις, εως, ἡ, (ἀποδείκνυμι) showing forth, making known, exhibiting, δι᾽ ἀπειροσύνην.. κοὐκ ἀπόδειξιν τῶν ὑπὸ γαίαςRefs 5th c.BC+ __2 setting forth, publication, Ἠροδότου.. ἱστορίης ἀπόδεξιςRefs 5th c.BC+Prooem.; ἀρχῆς ἀ. an exposition, sketch of it, Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 proof, βουλομένοισί σφι γένοιτ᾽ ἂν ἀ.Refs 5th c.BC+; χρῆσθαί τινι ἀποδείξει τινός use it as a proof of a thing, Refs 1st c.AD+: in plural, proofs, or arguments in proof of, τινόςRefs 5th c.BC+; ἀ. λαμβάνειν.. τῶν μανθανόντων test them by examination, etc., Refs 1st c.AD+specimen, Refs 4th c.BC+; citation, ποιητῶν καὶ ἱστοριαγράφων ἀποδείξειςRefs 2nd c.BC+ __3.b in the Logic of Refs 4th c.BC+, demonstration, i. e. deductive proof by syllogism, Refs 4th c.BC+; opposed to inductive proof (ἐπαγωγή), Refs 4th c.BC+ __4 appointment, θεωρῶνRefs 3rd c.BC+ __II (from middle) ἀ. ἔργων μεγάλων display, achievement of mighty works, Refs 5th c.BC+

ἔνδειγμα, ατος, τό, (ἐνδείκνυμι) evidence, ὅτι.. Refs 5th c.BC+; token, εὐνοίας Refs 4th c.BC+

τεκμήρι-ον, τό, (τεκμαίρομαι) ={τέκμαρ}Refs 4th c.BC+, a sure sign or token, Refs 5th c.BC+; καὶ μὴν στίβοι γε, δεύτερον τ. Refs; θανόντος πίστ᾽ ἔχων τ. Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀσφαλὲς τ. Refs 5th c.BC+: in Medicine texts, a sure symptom, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __2 simply sign, symbol, τοῦ φιλαποδήμου Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II proof (properly of an argumentative kind, opposed to direct evidence, Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to τὰ εἰκότα, Refs 5th c.BC+; but οὐκ εἰκότα τ. Refs; τ. τινός proof of a thing, Refs 5th c.BC+; τ. δὲ τοῦδε τὸν Ὅμηρον λαβέ (i.e. the case of Homer) Refs 5th c.BC+; τ. τινὸς δοῦναι, παρασχέσθαι, Refs 5th c.BC+; δείξω, ἐπιδείξω, ἀποδεῖξαι,Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 τεκμήριον δέ as an independent clause, now the proof of it is this (which follows), take this as a proof, Refs 5th c.BC+; more fully, τ. δέ μοι τούτου τόδε· αἱ μὲν γὰρ φαίνονται κτλ. Refs 5th c.BC+; τ. δὲ τούτου καὶ τόδε· παρὰ μὲν Κύρου κτλ. Refs 5th c.BC+; χρῆσθαι τεκμηρίῳ ὅτι.. (ὅτι introducing the reason, not the fact) Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3 in the Logic of Aristotle, demonstrative proof, opposed to to the fallible σημεῖον and εἰκός, Refs 5th c.BC+

† בָּחוֹן n.[m.] assayer, one who tries metals Je 6:27 (Ges§ 84, 3 Ew§ 152 b).

† בֹּ֫חַן n.[m.] testing, Is 28:16 אֶבֶן בֹּחַן a tested, tried stone, i.e. approved for use as a foundation-stone. On Ez 21:18 MT v. foreg. ad fin.