H8105 H8105
Lees, dregs; settled wine sediment used figuratively for complacency or rich feasting
Used exclusively in the plural, this noun refers to the lees or sediment that settles when wine is left undisturbed to mature. Isaiah 25:6 envisions the messianic banquet with 'wines on the lees' — aged, clarified, supremely fine. But the same image carries a darker edge: Jeremiah 48:11 compares Moab's untroubled existence to wine never poured from vessel to vessel, and Zephaniah 1:12 warns of those 'thickened on their lees,' frozen in complacency. Psalm 75:8 uses the dregs of God's cup as an image of judgment drained to the last drop.
Senses
1. sense 1 — Wine lees or dregs — the sediment that settles when wine ages undisturbed, employed in both positive and negative figurative senses. Positively, Isaiah 25:6 twice uses the plural to describe the finest aged wine at God's eschatological feast. Negatively, Jeremiah 48:11 and Zephaniah 1:12 deploy the image for undisturbed complacency, while Psalm 75:8 pictures the dregs of divine judgment. English 'aged wine/dregs' and Spanish 'heces/vinos añejos' together span both valences. 5×
AR["أَثْفَالِهِمْ", "ثُفلَتِهِ", "ثُفْلُها", "خُمُورٍ"]·ben["তাদের-মদের-তলানিতে", "তার-তলানি", "তার-তলানির", "দ্রাক্ষারস", "দ্রাক্ষারস-এর"]·DE["[שמריהם]", "[שמריו]", "[שמרים]", "sein-dregs"]·EN["aged-wine", "his-dregs", "its-dregs", "of-aged-wine", "their-dregs"]·FR["[שמריו]", "[שמרים]", "garde", "marc"]·heb["שמריה", "שמריהם", "שמריו", "שמרים"]·HI["अपनी-तलछट", "अपनी-तलछटों", "पुरानी-दाखमधु", "पुरानी-दाखमधु-का", "शेमारेहा"]·ID["ampas-mereka", "ampasnya", "anggur-tua"]·IT["[שמריה]", "[שמריו]", "[שמרים]", "feccia"]·jav["ampas-ampasipun", "ampènipun", "anggur-penet", "endapan-ipun"]·KO["그것-의-찌기-를", "그의-찌기", "오래된-포도주를", "오래된-포도주의", "찌꺼기들-그들의"]·PT["suas-borras", "vinhos-refinados"]·RU["вина-отборного", "вина-отборные", "дрожжах-своих", "осадок-её"]·ES["sus-heces", "vinos-añejos"]·SW["divai-iliyozeeka", "mashudu-yao", "masimbi-yake", "ya-divai-iliyozeeka"]·TR["sarapli", "tortularının", "tortusunu"]·urd["اُس-کی-تلچھٹ", "اپنی-تلچھٹ", "بہترین-شراب", "بہترین-شراب-کی", "تلچھٹ-اپنی"]
Related Senses
H8081 1. oil (substance) (180×)H3196 1. wine (fermented grape juice) (141×)H1706 1. honey (54×)H4682 1. unleavened bread/cakes (53×)H2461 1. milk (42×)H8492 1. new wine / must (38×)H0400 1. food, nourishment (36×)G3631 1. wine (34×)H3978 1. food, nourishment (30×)H1314 1. spice / perfume / balsam (29×)H7416 1. pomegranate (fruit/ornament) (28×)H3323 1. fresh oil, olive oil (23×)H2964 1. prey, torn flesh (19×)H3899 2. food, sustenance (19×)G1033 1. food (17×)G5160 1. food (16×)H5561 1. spices, aromatic substances (16×)H0402 1. food, nourishment (14×)G2219 1. leaven (13×)H4478a 1. manna (13×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† II. [שֶׁ֫מֶר] n.m. Is 25:6 only pl. lees, dregs (fig.);—abs. שְׁמָרִים Is 25:6(×2) (in both = wine matured by resting undisturbed on the lees); sf. שֹׁקֵט הוּא אֶל־שְׁמָרָיו Je 48:11 (of Moab’s undisturbed life), cf. (of careless men) הַקֹּפְאִים עַל־ שִׁמְרֵיהֶם Zp 1:12; שְׁמָרֶיהָ ψ 75:9 (of י׳’s cup of judgment).