שַׂגִּיא H7690
Aramaic adjective: great (in size/importance); abundant, much, many (quantity); exceedingly (adverbial).
An Aramaic adjective appearing exclusively in Daniel and Ezra, covering greatness of size, abundance of quantity, and adverbial intensity. Nebuchadnezzar's colossal statue was 'great' in splendor (Dan 2:31), and the cosmic tree bore 'abundant' fruit for all (Dan 4:12, 21). When used adverbially, it functions as an intensifier — the king was 'exceedingly' angry (Dan 2:12), Belshazzar 'greatly' alarmed (Dan 5:9), and Daniel's spirit 'deeply' troubled (Dan 7:28). Spanish muy/mucho and German viel/sehr show how naturally the quantitative and intensive senses shade into each other across languages.
Senses
1. exceedingly, greatly (adverbial intensifier) — Adverbial intensifier meaning 'exceedingly, greatly, very much,' modifying the degree of a verb or adjective rather than describing a noun. Spanish muy ('very') and English 'exceedingly/greatly' converge on superlative intensity. The king was exceedingly furious (Dan 2:12), Belshazzar greatly troubled (Dan 5:9), Darius exceedingly pleased (Dan 6:23), accusers utterly destroyed (Dan 6:24), and Daniel's spirit deeply grieved (Dan 7:28). 5×
AR["جِدًّا","كَثِيرًا"]·ben["অত্যন্ত","মহান"]·DE["viel"]·EN["exceedingly","greatly"]·FR["beaucoup"]·heb["מאוד","רב"]·HI["बहुत"]·ID["sangat"]·IT["molto"]·jav["kathah","sanget"]·KO["매우","심히","크게"]·PT["grande","muito"]·RU["весьма","очень"]·ES["mucho","muy"]·SW["sana"]·TR["çok"]·urd["بہت"]
2. abundant, much, many (quantity) — Quantitative adjective meaning 'abundant, much, many,' expressing large number or amount. Arabic kathir/kathira ('much/many') and Spanish abundante/muchos agree on quantity. The great tree bore abundant fruit sufficient for all (Dan 4:12, 21), the beast devoured much flesh (Dan 7:5), the king gave Daniel many gifts (Dan 2:48), and the Jerusalem temple was built 'many years ago' (Ezra 5:11). 5×
AR["كَثِيرًا","كَثِيرٌ","كَثِيرَة","كَثِيرَةً"]·ben["অনেক","প্রচুর"]·DE["[שגיאן]","viel"]·EN["abundant","many","much"]·FR["[שגיאן]","beaucoup"]·heb["רב","רבות","שגיאן"]·HI["बहुत","बहुत-सी"]·ID["banyak"]·IT["molto"]·jav["kathah","kathah-sanget","lan-ratu"]·KO["많고","많은"]·PT["era-abundante","muita","muitos"]·RU["многие","много"]·ES["abundante","mucha","muchos"]·SW["kubwa","mengi","mingi","nyingi"]·TR["bol","cok","çok"]·urd["بہت","بہت-زیادہ"]
3. great (in size, importance, or magnitude) — Qualitative adjective meaning 'great' in size, stature, importance, or magnificence. Spanish grande ('great') and English 'great' distinguish this from mere quantity. Nebuchadnezzar's statue was great in splendor and terrifying in appearance (Dan 2:31), the king promised 'great' honor and rewards to whoever could interpret the writing (Dan 2:6), and the tree in the vision grew 'great' reaching to heaven (Dan 4:10). 3×
AR["عَظِيمٌ","عَظِيمَةً"]·ben["বিশাল","মহান"]·DE["viel"]·EN["great"]·FR["beaucoup"]·heb["גדול","רב"]·HI["अधिक","बड़ी","बहुत"]·ID["besar"]·IT["molto"]·jav["ageng","ageng-sanget"]·KO["컸더라","큰"]·PT["era-grande","grande"]·RU["большой","велика","великий"]·ES["grande"]·SW["kubwa","mkubwa"]·TR["büyük"]·urd["بڑا","بہت","بہت-زیادہ-تھی"]
Related Senses
H5921a 1. upon, on, over (spatial) (5443×)H0413 1. directional: to, toward (5366×)H3605 1. all, every, whole (5352×)H1121a 1. son, male offspring, descendant (4914×)H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)H4428 1. king, human ruler (2518×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)H6440 1. before, in front of (spatial) (1870×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H3027 1. physical hand (body part) (1596×)H1697 1. word, speech, utterance (1235×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H0259 1. one (cardinal numeral) (940×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
שַׂגִּיא adj. great, much;—abs. שׂ׳ Dn 2:6 +, fpl. שַׂגִּיאָן 2:48 Ezr 5:11;— 1. great, of image Dn 2:31 (in vision), height of tree 4:7 (id.); of honour 2:6. 2. much, fruit 4:9, 18, flesh 7:5; pl. many, years Ezr 5:11, gifts Dn 2:48. 3. as adv. exceedingly, 2:12; 5:9; 6:15, 24; 7:28.