שָׁבַת71 H7673a
Cesar, desistir, reposar; en Hifil, hacer cesar, poner fin a, quitar o abolir; guardar el reposo sabático.
Cesar, desistir, reposar; en Hifil, hacer cesar, poner fin a, quitar o abolir; guardar el reposo sabático.
Sentidos
1. Hifil causativo — Hifil causativo: hacer cesar, poner fin a — el sentido más frecuente con 33 ocurrencias, donde Dios o un agente humano termina activamente una actividad, condición o institución. Dios hará «cesar» el regocijo de Israel (Os 2:11), pondrá «fin» a la guerra en la tierra (Lv 26:6), y Faraón acusa a Moisés de hacer que el pueblo «cese» de sus labores (Éx 5:5). El árabe abṭala/awqafa confirma el matiz causativo. 33×
AR["أَبْطَلْتُ", "أَبْطَلْتُهُ", "فَأُبَطِّلُ", "وَ-أُبطِلُ", "وَ-أُبِيدُ", "وَ-أُبْطِلُ", "وَ-لِإِبَادَةِ", "وَ-يُبْطِلُ", "وَأُبطِلُ", "وَأُبَطِّلُ", "وَأُبِيدُ", "وَأُبْطِلُ", "وَأُزِيلُ", "وَأُوقِفُكِ", "وَيُبِيدُ"]·ben["আমি-থামিয়েছি", "আর-আমি-বন্ধ-করব", "আর-আমি-বিরাম-করাব", "আর-আমি-শেষ-করব", "আর-থামিয়ে-দেব-তোমাকে", "আর-বন্ধ-করব", "এবং-আমি-থামাব", "এবং-দূর-করব", "এবং-নির্মূল-করবে", "এবং-বন্ধ-করব-আমি", "এবং-শেষ-করব", "ও-আমি-থামাব", "ও-থামাবে", "ও-শেষ-করতে", "বন্ধ-করলাম"]·DE["ruhen", "und-ich-bringe-zurueck", "und-ich-wird-cause-zu-cease", "und-liess-ruhen", "und-ruhen"]·EN["And-I-will-cause-to-cease", "I-have-made-cease", "I-have-made-to-cease", "I-make-cease", "and-I-shall-cause-to-cease", "and-I-will-cause-to-cease", "and-I-will-make-to-cease", "and-I-will-put-an-end-to", "and-I-will-stop-you", "and-cause-to-cease", "and-to-cause-to-cease", "and-will-cut-off"]·FR["cesser", "et-cesser", "et-je-fera-cause-à-cesser"]·heb["השבתי", "ו-השבית", "ו-השבתי", "ו-השבתתיך", "ו-ל-השבית", "ו-תשבית"]·HI["और-दूर करूंगा", "और-मिटा-दूंगा-मैं", "और-मिटा-देगा", "और-मिटाने-के-लिए", "और-मैं-बंद-करूँगा", "और-मैं-बंद-करूंगा", "और-मैं-मिटाऊंगा", "और-मैं-समाप्त-करूँगा", "और-मैं-समाप्त-करूंगा", "और-रोकूँगा-तुझे-मैं", "और-रोकूँगा-मैं", "और-रोकेगा", "और-समाप्त-करूँगा", "बन्द-कर-दिया-मैंने", "मैंने-बंद-कर-दिया", "मैंने-बन्द-कर-दिया"]·ID["Aku-akan-hentikan", "Aku-hentikan", "Aku-mengakhiri", "Dan-Aku-akan-mengakhiri", "Dan-Aku-akan-menghentikan", "dan-Aku-akan-mengakhiri", "dan-Aku-akan-menghapuskan", "dan-Aku-akan-menghentikan", "dan-Aku-akan-menghentikanmu", "dan-Aku-mengakhiri", "dan-dia-akan-menghentikan", "dan-melenyapkan"]·IT["e-io-fara-cause-a-cease", "e-io-ricondurro", "e-riposare", "riposare"]·jav["Ingsun-mendhel", "Lan-Kawula-badhe-nyegah", "Lan-Kula-badhé-mungkasi", "kawula-sampun-mungkasi", "lan-Aku-badhé-mandhegaken-panjenengan", "lan-Ingsun-mendhel", "lan-Ingsun-nyirnakaken", "lan-Kawula-badhe-mungkasi", "lan-Kawula-mungkasi", "lan-Kawula-ngilangi", "lan-kangge-numpes", "lan-kawula-badhé-nyirnakaken", "lan-piyambakipun-badhé-ngentekèkaken", "nanging-senopati"]·KO["그러나-멈추게-하리라", "그리고-그가-그치게-하리라", "그리고-그치게-하겠다", "그리고-그치게-하리라", "그리고-그치게-할-것이다-내가", "그리고-그치겠다-내가", "그리고-끝내겠다", "그리고-나는-없애것이다", "그리고-내가-그치게-하리라", "그리고-내가-그치게-하리라-너를", "그리고-망하게-하는-자들아", "그치게-하리라", "그치게-하였다-내가", "그치게-하였도다"]·PT["E-farei-cessar", "e-farei-cessar", "e-farei-cessar-te", "e-fará-cessar", "e-para-acabar", "fiz-cessar"]·RU["И-прекращу", "Я-прекратил", "и-истребит", "и-прекратит", "и-прекращу", "и-прекращу-тебя", "и-удалю", "и-уничтожающие", "положу-конец", "прекратил-я"]·ES["Y-haré-cesar", "he-hecho-cesar", "y-hará-cesar", "y-haré-cesar", "y-haré-cesar-te", "y-para-hacer-cesar"]·SW["Na-nitakomesha", "Na-nitamfanya-akome", "na-atakomesha", "na-ataondoa", "na-kuwafanya-waangamie", "na-nitakomesha", "na-nitakukomesha", "na-nitaondoa", "nami-nitakomesha", "nimeisimamisha", "nimekomesha", "nimezikomesha"]·TR["bitirdim", "durdurdum", "ve-durduracacağım", "ve-durduracak", "ve-durduğucağım", "ve-son-verecegim", "ve-son-vereceğim", "ve-sona-erdireceğim", "ve-uzaklaştıracağım", "ve-yok-edecek", "ve-yok-etmek-için"]·urd["اور-بند-کروں-گا", "اور-بند-کروں-گا-میں", "اور-ختم-کرنے-والے", "اور-ختم-کروں-گا", "اور-ختم-کروں-گا-مَیں", "اور-ختم-کروں-گا-میں", "اور-ختم-کرے-گا", "اور-روکے-گا", "اور-مَیں-روکوں-گا-تجھے", "اور-مٹاؤں-گا", "اور-میں-بند-کروں-گا", "میں-نے-بند-کر-دی", "میں-نے-بند-کیا", "میں-نے-بند-کیں"]
Exod 5:5, Lev 2:13, Lev 26:6, Deut 32:26, Josh 22:25, Ruth 4:14, 2 Chr 16:5, Neh 4:11, Ps 46:9, Isa 13:11, Isa 16:10, Isa 21:2 (+21 más)
2. Qal intransitivo — Qal intransitivo: cesar, llegar a su fin — 14 ocurrencias que describen una cesación natural o circunstancial sin un agente explícito que la cause. La siembra y la siega «no cesarán» (Gn 8:22), el maná «cesó» al día siguiente (Jos 5:12), y la obra de Nehemías en el muro no «cesó» (Neh 6:3). El árabe inqaṭaʿa captura el carácter intransitivo de esta detención espontánea. 14×
AR["انْتَهَتْ", "انْتَهَى", "انْقَطَعَ", "بَطَلَ", "تَتَوَقَّفَ", "تَتَوَقَّفُ", "كَفُّوا", "وَ-انقَطَعَ", "وَ-سَكَتَ", "وَ-يَنْتَهِي", "يَكُفُّ"]·ben["আর-থামল", "এবং-বন্ধ-হবে", "এবং-বন্ধ-হল", "থামবে", "থামবে-তারা", "থেমেছে", "বন্ধ-করেছে", "বন্ধ-হয়েছে", "বিরত"]·DE["Sabbat", "liess-ruhen", "ruhen", "sollen-aufhören", "und-ceased", "und-liess-ruhen"]·EN["Ceases", "Has-ceased", "and-ceased", "and-ceases", "ceases", "has-ceased", "have-ceased", "he-ceases", "shall-cease", "should-cease", "will-cease"]·FR["--cesser", "[תשבת]", "cesser", "et-cessa", "et-cesser", "sabbat"]·heb["ו-ישבות", "ו-ישבתו", "ו-שבת", "ישבות", "ישבתו", "שבת", "שבתה", "שבתו"]·HI["और-चुप-हो-गए", "और-बंद-होगा", "और-रुक-गया", "ठहरा", "ठहरी", "बंद-हो-गया", "बन्द-हो-गई", "रुक-गया", "रुक-जाएगा", "रुकता-है", "रुके", "रुकेनगे", "हट-गए"]·ID["Berhenti", "Dan-berhenti", "akan-berhenti", "berhenti", "dan-berhenti", "dan-berhentilah", "dia-berhenti", "harus-berhenti"]·IT["[תשבת]", "e-cessò", "e-e-ceased", "e-e-ceases", "riposare", "shall-cease"]·jav["Lan-mandeg", "Sampun-kèndel", "badhe-kendel", "kang-nggugah", "lan-badhé-kendel", "lan-mandheg", "mandeg", "mandheg", "sami-kèndel", "sampun-mandheg"]·KO["그리고-그쳤다", "그리고-그치리라", "그리고-그치였다", "그쳤네", "그쳤다", "그쳤도다", "그치는도다", "그치니", "그치리라", "멈추겠느냐", "멈출-것이다"]·PT["Cessou", "E-cessaram", "E-cessou", "cessa", "cessaram", "cessaria", "cessará", "cessarão", "cessou", "e-cessará"]·RU["И-прекратился", "Прекратилась", "и-перестали", "и-прекратятся", "остановится", "перестанет", "перестаёт", "прекратилась", "прекратились", "прекратился", "прекратятся"]·ES["Cesó", "Ha-cesado", "Y-cesaron", "cesa", "cesará", "cesarán", "cesaría", "cesó", "ha-cesado", "han-cesado", "y-cesarán", "y-cesó"]·SW["Imekoma", "ameacha", "amekoma", "anaacha", "havitakoma", "imekoma", "isimame", "na-ikakoma", "na-utaisha", "na-walisimama", "utakoma", "wameacha"]·TR["Durdu", "Ve-durdular", "ayrıldılar", "bitti", "duracak", "durdu", "durur", "sona-erer", "ve-durdu", "ve-durur"]·urd["اور-بند-ہوا", "اور-رک گئے", "اور-رک-جائے-گی", "بند-ہوئی", "ختم-ہوئی", "ختم-ہوا", "رُک-گئی", "رُک-گئے", "رُکے", "رک-جائے-گی", "رک-گیا", "رکتا-ہے", "رکیں-گے"]
3. Qal intransitivo — Qal intransitivo: descansar, guardar el sábado — 11 ocurrencias donde la cesación del trabajo es deliberada, mandada y a menudo sagrada. Dios descansó el séptimo día (Gn 2:2-3), el pueblo reposó el séptimo día (Éx 16:30), e incluso la tierra debe «guardar sábado» (Lv 25:2). El árabe istarāḥa pasa del vocabulario de cesación al de reposo. 11×
AR["اسْتَرَاحَ", "اِستَراحَ", "تَستَريحُ", "تَسْتَرِحْ", "تَسْتَرِيحُ", "سَبَتَتْ", "وَ-اسْتَرَاحَ"]·ben["আর-বিশ্রাম-করলেন", "এবং-বিশ্রাম-নিল", "তিনি-বিশ্রাম-নিলেন", "বিরত-হবে", "বিশ্রাম-করবে", "বিশ্রাম-করবে;", "বিশ্রাম-করলেন", "বিশ্রাম-করেছিল"]·DE["du-soll-ruhen", "er-ruhte", "es-ruhte", "es-wird-Ruhe", "ruhen", "ruhte-er", "und-ruhte", "wird-Ruhe"]·EN["and-he-rested", "and-rested", "he-rested", "it-rested", "it-will-rest", "will-rest", "you-shall-rest"]·FR["[שבתה]", "cela-fera-repos", "cela-se-reposa", "et-il-se-reposa", "et-se-reposa", "fera-repos", "il-se-reposa", "tu---repos"]·heb["ו-שבת", "ו-שבתו", "שבת", "תשבות", "תשבית"]·HI["उसने-विश्राम-किया", "और-विश्राम-किया", "रुको", "विश्राम करेगा", "विश्राम किया", "विश्राम-करेगा", "विश्राम-किया"]·ID["Dan-beristrahat", "Ia-berhenti", "bersabat", "dan-berhentilah", "dan-ia-akan-menikmati", "engkau berhenti", "engkau-akan-berhenti", "ia-akan-beristirahat", "ia-beristirahat"]·IT["[שבתה]", "e-egli-riposò", "e-riposò", "egli-riposò", "esso-fara-riposare", "esso-riposo", "fara-riposare", "tu-shall-riposare"]·jav["Lan-kengser", "Panjenenganipun-kèndel", "kendel", "lan-kendel", "leren", "leren;", "panjenengan-badhé-leren,", "panjenengan-kedah-kèndel.", "panjenengan-kedah-kèndel;", "tilem"]·KO["그것이-쉬었다", "그리고-쉬셨다", "그리고-쉬었다", "너는-쉬라", "너는-쉴-것이다", "쉬셨다", "쉬었던", "쉬을것이다"]·PT["E-descansou", "cessarás", "descansará", "descansou", "e-descansou"]·RU["И-покоился", "будет-покоиться", "и-почил", "покоилась", "покоился", "покоишься", "покойся", "почил"]·ES["Y-descansó", "descansará", "descansarás", "descansó", "descasarás", "reposó", "y-reposó"]·SW["alipumzika", "ilipumzika", "itapumzika", "na-akapumzika", "na-wakapumzika", "shabatah", "utapumzika"]·TR["Ve-dinlendiler", "dinlendi", "dinlenecek", "dinleneceksin", "dinlenmişti", "ve-dinlendi"]·urd["آرام-کر", "آرام-کرو", "آرام-کیا", "اور-آرام-کیا", "سبت-منائے-گی", "سبت-منایا"]
4. Hifil causativo con énfasis en la eliminación o abolición de objetos específicos — Hifil causativo con énfasis en la eliminación o abolición de objetos específicos — 5 ocurrencias donde «hacer cesar» implica quitar o eliminar físicamente altares, ídolos, levadura o personal. Josías «abolió» a los sacerdotes idólatras (2 R 23:5), «quitó» los caballos dedicados al sol (2 R 23:11), e Israel debía «eliminar» la levadura de sus casas antes de la Pascua (Éx 12:15). 5×
AR["أَبْطَلْتَ", "تُزِيلُونَ", "وَأَبْطَلَ"]·ben["এবং-অপসারণ-করলেন", "তুমি-দূর-করেছ", "তুমি-নিবারণ-করেছ", "দূর-করবে"]·DE["du-haben-gemacht-aufhören", "du-remove", "du-soll-entfernen", "und-er-abolished", "und-er-removed"]·EN["You-remove", "and-he-abolished", "and-he-removed", "you-have-made-cease", "you-shall-remove"]·FR["et-il-abolished", "et-il-ôta", "le-cesser", "tu---ôter"]·heb["השבת", "ו-השבית", "ו-ישבת", "תשביתו"]·HI["और-दूर-किया", "तूने-समाप्त-किया", "दूर-करोगे", "वे-दूर-किया"]·ID["Dan-ia-menghentikan", "Dan-ia-menyingkirkan", "Engkau-mengakhiri", "Engkau-menyingkirkan", "singkirkanlah"]·IT["cesso'", "e-egli-abolished", "e-egli-tolse", "tu-shall-togliere"]·jav["Lan-piyambakipun-ngendhegaken", "Paduka-sampun-nyingkiraken", "Panjenengan-nyirnaké", "panjenengan-sedaya-nyingkiraken"]·KO["그리고-그가-제거하였다", "그리고-그가-폐지하였다", "그치셨나이다", "없애셨나이다", "제거할지니라-너희가"]·PT["E-fez-cessar", "Fizeste-cessar", "fareis-cessar", "fizeste-cessar"]·RU["и-устранил", "прекратил-Ты", "удалил-Ты", "удалите"]·ES["Hiciste-cesar", "Y-eliminó", "Y-quitó", "haréis-cesar", "hiciste-cesar"]·SW["Umeondoa", "mtaondoa", "na-akawaondoa", "umewaondoa"]·TR["kaldırdın", "sona-erdirdin", "uzaklaştırın", "ve-azletti", "ve-kaldırdı"]·urd["اور-برطرف-کیا", "اور-ہٹا-دیا", "ختم-کیا-تُو-نے", "دور-کرو", "دور-کیا-تُو-نے"]
5. Nifal pasivo/medio — Nifal pasivo/medio: ser llevado a su fin, ser hecho cesar — 4 ocurrencias donde el sujeto experimenta la cesación de forma pasiva. La fortaleza «cesará» de Efraín (Is 17:3), los lugares altos «serán desolados» y cesados (Ez 6:6), y la pompa «será llevada a su fin» (Ez 30:18). El español cesará en voz pasiva confirma el cambio de voz. 4×
AR["وَ-تَبْطُلَ", "وَ-يَنْتَهِي", "وَيَبْطُلُ", "وَيَنْتَهِي-"]·ben["আর-থামবে", "আর-থামবে-", "আর-বিরাম-হয়", "ও-বন্ধ-হবে"]·DE["und-ruhen"]·EN["and-ceases", "and-is-ended-", "and-shall-cease", "and-will-cease"]·FR["et-cesser"]·heb["ו-נשבת", "ו-נשבת-", "ו-נשבתו"]·HI["और-नष्ट-होंगी", "और-मिट-जाएगा", "और-समाप्त-हो-जाएगा", "नहीं"]·ID["Dan-akan-berhenti", "dan-berhenti", "dan-berhenti-", "dan-dimusnahkan"]·IT["e-riposare"]·jav["lan-dipunsirnakaken", "lan-kapungkur-", "lan-kendel", "lan-sirna"]·KO["그리고-그치게-될-것이다-", "그리고-그치리라", "그리고-끊어지리니"]·PT["E-cessará", "e-cessará", "e-sejam-anulados"]·RU["и-прекратились", "и-прекратится", "и-прекратится-"]·ES["Y-cesará", "y-cesará", "y-cesen"]·SW["Na-itakoma", "na-kitakomeshwa", "na-ziondolewe"]·TR["Ve-son-bulacak", "ve-ortadan-kalkmasının", "ve-sona-erdi-", "ve-sona-erecek"]·urd["اور-بند-ہوگا", "اور-ختم-ہو-جائے-گا", "اور-ٹوٹ-جائے-گا-", "و-بند-ہوں"]
6. Hifil causativo con el sentido de acallar, silenciar o sofocar — 2 ocurrencias d — Hifil causativo con el sentido de acallar, silenciar o sofocar — 2 ocurrencias donde el énfasis recae específicamente en silenciar la oposición o perturbación. En Sal 8:2 Dios ordena alabanza de los niños «para acallar» al enemigo y al vengador, y en Pr 18:18 echar suertes «silencia» las contiendas entre los poderosos. 2×
AR["لِتُسْكِتَ", "يُسَكِّنُ"]·ben["থামাতে-", "নিষ্পত্তি-করে"]·DE["liess-ruhen", "zu-noch"]·EN["causes-to-cease", "to-still"]·FR["cesser", "à-cesser"]·heb["ישבית", "ל-השבית"]·HI["चुप-कराने-को", "बंद-करता-है"]·ID["mengakhiri", "untuk-menghentikan"]·IT["causes-a-cease", "cesso'"]·jav["kanggé-nyirnakaken", "mungkasi"]·KO["그치게-하느니라", "그치게-하려고"]·PT["faz-cessar", "para-fazer-calar"]·RU["прекращает", "чтобы-смирить"]·ES["hace-cesar", "para-hacer-cesar"]·SW["inakomesha", "kumnyamazisha"]·TR["sona-erdirir", "susturmak-için-"]·urd["-خاموش-کرنے-کو", "ختم-کرتا-ہے"]
Sentidos Relacionados
H3117 1. day, specific time (2231×)H7200 1. Qal: to see, perceive (1257×)H5704 1. until, unto, as far as (1238×)G4771 2. you (singular address) (1077×)H8085 1. Qal: hear, perceive aurally (921×)H8141 1. year, unit of time (880×)H0859a 1. you (2nd person masculine singular pronoun) (743×)H0398 1. eat (consume food) (697×)H4191 1. die (Qal: natural/general death) (645×)H6258 1. and now (421×)G3708 1. see, perceive visually (419×)G2250 1. day (388×)G0191 1. hear, perceive sound (360×)H???? 3. (352×)H5750 1. again, more, further (288×)H5769 1. forever, to eternity (280×)H6256 1. time, period (264×)H2320 1. month, calendar period (260×)H0310a 2. after (temporal) (258×)G3708 2. behold, look (exclamatory) (256×)
Referencia BDB / Léxico
שָׁבַת71 vb. cease, desist, rest (Assyrian šabâtu, prob. cease, be completed DlWB ZimKAT3. 593 (JenZA iv (1889), 277 f. is sceptical); Arabic سَبَتَ cut off, interrupt; NH has שֶׁבֶת neglect, etc., Aramaic שִׁבְתָּא cost of neglect);— Qal27 Pf. 3 ms. שׁ׳ Gn 2:3 +; 3 pl. שָׁבָ֑תוּ La 5:14, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִשְׁבּוֹת Ho 7:4; יִשְׁבֹּת Pr 22:10 + 2 times; 3 fs. תִּשְׁבֹּת Lv 26:35; תִּשְׁבַּת v 34…