קָשַׁב46 H7181
To pay attention, listen carefully, give heed; attentive listening that implies obedience
A verb of focused, deliberate listening — stronger than the general shama (hear). In the Hifil stem, qashav means to incline the ear, to concentrate one's attention. It appears frequently in prophetic calls to attention (Isa 28:23; Mic 1:2) and in psalmic prayers pleading for God's ear (Ps 5:2; 55:2). French prêter l'oreille ('lend the ear') beautifully captures the intentional quality. Samuel's declaration that "to pay attention is better than the fat of rams" (1 Sam 15:22) binds this verb inseparably to the concept of obedient responsiveness.
Senses
1. pay attention, give heed — The main Hifil verbal sense: to pay attention, give heed, listen carefully. Encompasses imperatives ("Attend!" Isa 28:23), narrative perfects (Jer 23:18), and prayers for divine attention (Ps 5:2; 66:19). Spanish Escucha/Atiende and French prêter l'oreille both highlight the deliberate, effortful quality. In 1 Sam 15:22, qashav stands parallel to shama but carries the added weight of obedient responsiveness — not just hearing but heeding. 41×
AR["أَصْغَوْا","أَصْغُوا","أَصْغِ","أَنْ-يُصْغُوا","أَنْصِتُوا","أَنْصِتِي","أَنْصِتْ","اسْتَمِعْ","انتَبِه","انْتَبِهْ","عَلَى-الـ-إِصْغَاءِ","وَ-أَنْصِتُوا","وَ-انْتَبِهُوا","وَاصغَوا","يُصْغُوا"]·ben["এবং-মনোযোগ-দাও","ও-মনোযোগ-দাও","কান-পাতো","তারা-মনোযোগ-দিয়েছে","মনোযোগ-দাও","মনোযোগ-দিতে","মনোযোগ-দিন","মনোযোগ-দিল","শোনো"]·DE["[הקשיבה]","[הקשיבו]","[והקשיבו]","[להקשיב]","attend","aufmerken","und-aufmerken"]·EN["Pay-attention","and-pay-attention","attend","give-heed","pay-attention","they-paid-attention","to-pay-attention"]·FR["et-prêter-l'oreille","et-être-attentif","le-être-attentif","prêter-l'oreille-elle","être-attentif"]·heb["הקשיבה","הקשיבו","ו-הקשיבו","ל-הקשיב"]·HI["उन्होंने-कान-लगाया","उन्होंने-ध्यान-दिया","और-कान-लगाओ","और-ध्यान-दो","कान-दे","कान-लगा","कान-लगाओ","के-लिए-ध्यान-देना","ध्यान-दे","ध्यान-देने-को","ध्यान-दो","सुन"]·ID["Perhatikanlah","dan-perhatikanlah","memperhatikan","mereka-memperhatikan","perhatikanlah","untuk-memperhatikan"]·IT["e-prestare-attenzione","porgi-orecchio","prestare-attenzione","prestare-attenzione-sua"]·jav["Mirengaken","Mirengna","Mugi-ngatosaken","Nggatosaken-a","gatekna","gatosna","gatèkna","lan-migatèkna","lan-nggatosaken-a","lan-sami-migatosaken","migatèkna","nggatosaken","nggatèkaken","padha-mirengaken","pasangna-kuping","piyambakipun-nggatèkaken"]·KO["귀-기울여라","귀-기울이기","귀-기울이소서","귀-기울이지","귀를-기울이라","그리고-귀를-기울이라","그리고-주의하라","기울이기를","기울이지","들으소서","주의-를-기울여-주소서","주의하라","주의하소서"]·PT["Atende","Atende-me","Atenta,","Atentai","Dai-atenção","a-atentar","atende","atenta","atentai","atentaram","dar-atenção","deram-atenção","e-atendei","e-atentai","prestai-atenção"]·RU["внемли","внимай","внимай,","внимайте","внимали","внимать","вними","и-внимайте","прислушайтесь"]·ES["Atiende","Escucha","Escuchad","atiende","atiéndeme","escuchar","escucharon","estad-atentos","prestad-atención","prestaron-atención","y-atended","y-escuchad","y-prestad-atención"]·SW["Nisikilize","Nisikilizeni","Sikiliza","angalieni","kusikia","kusikiliza","na-m-sikilize","na-sikilizeni","sikiliza","sikilizeni"]·TR["Kulak-verin","dikkat-edin","dikkat-et","dinle","dinlemek","dinlemeyi","kulak-ver","kulak-verdiler","kulak-verin","kulak-versin","ve-kulak-verin"]·urd["اور-توجہ-دو","اور-توجہ-کرو","اور-کان-لگاؤ","توجہ-دو","توجہ-دی","توجہ-دینے-سے","توجہ-دے","توجہ-فرما","توجہ-کر","دھیان-دو","دھیان-دیا","سننا","غور-کرو","ہَ-توجُّہ-دے"]
1 Sam 15:22, 2 Chr 20:15, 2 Chr 33:10, Neh 9:34, Job 13:6, Job 33:31, Ps 5:2, Ps 10:17, Ps 17:1, Ps 55:2, Ps 61:1, Ps 66:19 (+29 more)
2. one who listens attentively — Participial or substantive use: one who listens attentively, the attentive person. In Proverbs, it characterizes the wise versus the foolish — the one who pays attention to malicious lips (Prov 17:4), the ruler who listens to lies (Prov 29:12), or Wisdom's frustrated call that no one was maqshiv (Prov 1:24). Song of Songs 8:13 uses the plural participle tenderly: "companions are listening" for the beloved's voice. 4×
AR["مُنْتَبِهَ","يُصْغي","يُصْغُونَ","يُنْصِتُ"]·ben["মনোযোগ-দিচ্ছে","মনোযোগ-দেয়","যে-মনোযোগ-দেয়"]·DE["[מקשיב]","[מקשיבים]"]·EN["listening","listens","paying-attention","who-listens"]·FR["prêter-l'oreille","écoutent"]·heb["מקשיב","מקשיבים"]·HI["कान-देने-वाला","ध्यान-देनेवाला","संगी","सुनता-है"]·ID["memperhatikan","yang-memperhatikan"]·IT["prestare-attenzione"]·jav["kang-migatèkaken","kang-mirengaken","mirengaken"]·KO["경청하네","귀기울이는","귀를-기울이느니라","주의하는-자-가"]·PT["atentos","atentou","dando-ouvido","dá-atenção"]·RU["внимающего.","внимающие","внимающий"]·ES["escuchan","presta-atención","que-presta-atención","quien-escuchara"]·SW["akisikiliza","aliyesikiliza","anasikiliza","wanasikiliza"]·TR["dikkat-eden","dinleyen","kulak-veren","kulak-verir"]·urd["توجہ-دیتا-ہے","توجہ-دینے-والا","سنتے-ہیں"]
3. sense 3 — A single Qal occurrence in Isaiah 32:3 where ears "shall attend" — using the simple stem rather than the causative Hifil. This prophetic promise of restored perception ("the ears of those who hear shall listen") pairs qashav with shama, suggesting that in the messianic age, attentiveness will become effortless rather than commanded. 1×
AR["تُصْغِي"]·ben["মনোযোগ-দেবে"]·DE["aufmerken"]·EN["shall-listen"]·FR["être-attentif"]·heb["תקשבנה"]·HI["ध्यान-देंगे"]·ID["memperhatikan"]·IT["prestare-attenzione"]·jav["sami-mirengaken"]·KO["주의할-것이다"]·PT["atentarão"]·RU["будут-внимать"]·ES["escucharán"]·SW["yatasikiliza"]·TR["dikkat-edecekler"]·urd["غور-کریں-گے"]
Related Senses
H3045 1. Qal: to know, perceive, understand (829×)H5315 1. soul, inner being (647×)H3820a 1. heart, inner self (mind/will/emotion) (572×)H4672 1. Qal: find, discover (289×)G1492 1. know facts or truths (285×)H3824 1. heart, inner self (mind/will/emotion) (250×)H1245 1. seek, search for (200×)G1097 1. know, be acquainted with (196×)H2142 1. Qal: remember, recall (173×)G2588 1. heart (inner self, mind, will) (158×)H0977 1. choose, select (Qal active) (145×)G2147 1. find, discover (144×)G5590 1. soul, inner self (100×)H4672 2. Niphal: be found, be discovered (99×)H1875 1. seek, search for (96×)H5315 2. life, vitality (94×)H1847 1. knowledge, discernment (90×)H2450 1. wise, prudent (84×)H7911 1. Qal: to forget (83×)H3684 1. fool, dullard (70×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
[קָשַׁב46] vb. incline, attend, of ears;— †Qal Impf. 3 fpl. תִּקְשַׁבְנָה Is 32:3 (subj. אזנים). Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. הִקְשִׁיב Je 23:18 ψ 66:19, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יַקְשִׁב Is 42:23, etc.; Imv. ms. הַקְשֵׁב Jb 33:31, especially הַקְשִׁ֫יבָה ψ 5:3 +, etc.; Inf. cstr. הַקְשִׁיב 1 S 15:22 +; Pt. מַקְשִׁיב Pr 1:24 +, pl. מַקְשִׁיבִים Ct 8:13;—give attention (sometimes + שָׁמַע); abs. Ho 5:1; 1 S 15:22; Is…