פְּקֻדָּה32 H6486
Oversight, visitation, or reckoning; encompasses divine punishment, appointed office, muster, providential care, custody, and stored wealth.
A noun derived from the root paqad (to attend to, visit, appoint), carrying the full weight of that verb's range into its nominal form. When God 'visits' his people, the outcome may be punitive judgment (as in Hosea 9:7 and repeatedly in Jeremiah) or tender providence (Job 10:12). In the administrative sphere it denotes an appointed office or supervisory charge, as in the Levitical duties of Numbers 3-4. Less common but well-attested uses include the mustering or enrollment of troops (Chronicles), a place of custody (Jer 52:11), and goods stored up in trust (Isa 15:7). The multilingual evidence is telling: Spanish castigo and Arabic iqab converge cleanly on the punishment sense, while supervisión and wikala mark the office sense, confirming each cluster as lexically distinct.
Senses
1. punishment, divine visitation — The punitive dimension of divine visitation: God's reckoning, judgment, or retribution visited upon persons or nations for sin. Dominant in the prophets, especially Jeremiah's formulaic 'in the time/year of their visitation' (Jer 8:12; 10:15; 23:12). Multilingual glosses converge strikingly: Spanish castigo, Hindi dand, Arabic iqab, Korean beol, and Swahili adhabu all point to punishment, distinguishing this clearly from the neutral 'oversight' sense. 13×
AR["افْتِقَادُكِ","العِقابِ","الْعِقَابِ","اِفْتِقَادِهِمْ","عِقَابِهِمْ","وَ-مُصِيبَةُ","وُكَلاءَ"]·ben["এবং-দর্শন","তাদের-দণ্ডের","তাদের-শাস্তির","তোমার-শাস্তি","দণ্ড-তাদের","দণ্ডদাতারা","দণ্ডের-সেই-","শাস্তির"]·DE["Heimsuchung","[הפקדה]","[פקדתך]","und-visitation-von"]·EN["and-visitation-of","punishments-of","the-punishment","their-punishment","their-visitation","visitation","your-punishment"]·FR["[הפקדה]","[פקדות]","châtiment","et-visitation-de","ta-visite"]·heb["ה-פקודה","ו-פקדת","פקודה","פקודות","פקודתך","פקודתם"]·HI["उनके-दंड-का","उनके-दण्ड","उनके-दण्ड-का","उनके-दण्ड-के","और-दंड","तेरी-सज़ा","दंड-के","दण्ड","दण्ड-उनके-के","दण्ड-के"]·ID["dan-nasib","penghukum-penghukum","penghukuman","penghukuman-mereka","penghukumanmu"]·IT["e-visitation-di","visita"]·jav["lan-paukuman","pangadilan-pangadilan","paukuman","paukuman-ipun","paukuman-nipun","paukuman-panjenengan","paukumanipun","paukumané","piwales"]·KO["그들의-벌받음의","그들의-벌의","그리고-방문","벌-너의-가","벌들이","벌의","벌하심의","보복의-그들의"]·PT["a-visitação","e-destino-de","punições-de","sua-punição","sua-visitação","sua-visitação.","tua-visitação","visitação"]·RU["и-судьба","каратели","наказание-твоё","наказания","наказания-их","посещения","посещения-их"]·ES["castigo","castigos-de","la-visitación","su-castigo","su-visitación","tu-castigo","visitación-de-ellos","visitación-su","y-visitación-de"]·SW["adhabu","adhabu-yao","hukumu-yako","kutembelewa-kwao","na-adhabu","wa-adhabu-yao","wa-kutembelewa-kwao","watekelezaji-wa-adhabu","ya-adhabu"]·TR["cezalandirmak","cezalandırmalarının","cezalandırmanın-senin","cezalandırılmalarının","cezalarının","cezanın","gözetmenleri","ve-kaderi"]·urd["اور-مقدّر","اُن-کی-سزا-کا","اُن-کی-سزا-کے","تیری-سزا","سزا-ان-کی","سزا-اُن-کی","سزا-اُن-کی-کا","سزا-کے","سزائیں"]
2. oversight, office, charge — An appointed position of supervision or administrative responsibility, the office or charge of overseeing something. Central in Numbers 3-4 where Eleazar holds the oversight of the sanctuary, and in 2 Kings 11:18 and 2 Chronicles 23:18 for temple appointments. Spanish supervisión and cargos, Arabic wikala, and Korean damjang/jikmu uniformly indicate an institutional role rather than a divine action. 11×
AR["تَفْتِيشِ","حُكُومَتَكِ","رِقَابَةً","مُرَاقِبِينَ","وَ-وَظيفَتُهُ","وَكَالَةِ","وَوِكَالَةُ","وِكَالَاتِ","وِكَالَةُ"]·ben["এবং-নিযুক্ত","তত্ত্বাবধানে-","তত্ত্বাবধানের","তার-পদ","তোমার-তত্ত্বাবধায়ককে","দায়িত্বগুলি","নিযুক্ত","পদগুলো-","পাহারাদার"]·DE["Heimsuchung","officers","oversight-von","sein-office","und-oversight-von"]·EN["and-oversight-of","his-office","office-of","officers","offices","offices-of","oversight-of","the-oversight-of","your-overseers"]·FR["[פקדות]","[פקדת]","châtiment","commandement","et-oversight-de","officers","oversight-de"]·heb["ו-פקדת","פקדת","פקודות","פקודתו","פקודתך"]·HI["अधिकारियोंको-","उसका-पद","और-गिनती","गिनती","जिम्मेदारियाँ","तेरे-अधिकारियोंको","निरीक्षण","पकुद्दोत"]·ID["-pengawasan","dan-tugas","jabatan-jabatan","jabatan-nya","kantor","pemerintahanmu","pengawasan","tugas","tugas-tugas"]·IT["[פקדת]","[פקדתו]","e-oversight-di","oversight-di","ufficiali","visita"]·jav["Lan-kuwajiban","Lan-pangawasan","jabatanipun","kewajiban","kuwajiban","pangawasan","panguwaos-panjenengan","para-pangawas","pitungkas","tanggel-jawab"]·KO["감독들을","계수함","관할","그-의-직분-을","그리고-계수함","그리고-담당-의","너의-감독자를","담당-의","직무","직무들","직무들을"]·PT["E-supervisão-de","cargo-de","encargos","governo-teu","guardas","seu-cargo","supervisão-de","supervisões-de"]·RU["должность-его","и-начальство","надзирателями","начальников-твоих","начальство","попечению","стражей","счислением"]·ES["Y-supervisión-de","cargos","guardias","oficina-de","oficios-de","su-cargo","supervisión-de","tu-gobierno"]·SW["Na-usimamizi","cheo-chake","mamlaka","na-usimamizi-wa","usimamizi","usimamizi-wa","walinzi","wasimamizi-wako"]·TR["görevine","görevini","görevliler","görevlileri","gözetimi","ve-gözeti","ve-gözetimi","yonetimin"]·urd["اور-نگرانی","اُس-کا-عہدہ","تیری-حکومت","ذمہ-داریاں","نگرانوں","نگرانی","نگرانیاں"]
3. numbering, enrollment, muster — The act of counting, registering, or mustering people for organized service, a census or enrollment roster. Found exclusively in Chronicles (1 Chr 23:11; 24:3, 19; 2 Chr 17:14; 26:11) in connection with Levitical and military organization. Glosses like Spanish registro, Hindi ginti, Arabic ihsa, and Swahili hesabu all denote a numbering or tally, setting this apart from the supervisory office sense. 5×
AR["إِحْصَائِهِمْ","عَدَدُهُمْ","فِرَقُهُمْ","لِفَرِيقَةٍ","لِفِرَقِهِمْ"]·ben["গণনার-জন্য","তাদের-গণনা","তাদের-নিযুক্তি","তাদের-নিযুক্তির","তাদের-নিযুক্তির-জন্য"]·DE["Heimsuchung"]·EN["for-enrollment","for-their-appointment","their-appointments","their-count","their-numbering"]·FR["[לפקדה]","[לפקדתם]","[פקדתם]"]·heb["ל-פקדה","ל-פקדתם-ם","פקדתם-ם"]·HI["उनकी-गिनतियाँ","उनकी-गिनती-के-लिए","उनकी-जनगणना-की","गिनती-उनकी","गिनती-के-लिए"]·ID["daftar-mereka","hitungan-mereka","pendaftaran-mereka","untuk-pendaftaran","untuk-pendaftaran-mereka"]·IT["[לפקדה]","[לפקדתם]","[פקדתם]"]·jav["cacahipun","dhateng-itungan","dhateng-itunganipun","itunganipun"]·KO["그들의-수효","그들의-직무","목록-그들의","에-목록","에-목록-그들의"]·PT["para-seu-registro","por-registro","seus-números","seus-registros","sua-contagem"]·RU["для-счисления","для-счисления-их","счисления-их"]·ES["para-registro","para-sus-registros","registro-de-ellos","registros-de-ellos","sus-registros"]·SW["hesabu-yao","hesabu-zao","kwa-hesabu","kwa-hesabu-yao"]·TR["sayım-için","sayımları","sayımlarına-göre","sayımlarının","sayımı"]·urd["اُن-کی-شمار","اُن-کے-شمار","اُن-کے-شماروں-میں","شمار-میں","گنتی-اُن-کی"]
4. care, providence — God's watchful care and providential attention, the positive counterpart to punitive visitation. Attested only in Job 10:12, where Job acknowledges that God's pquddah granted him life and favor. The multilingual evidence (Spanish providencia, Hindi dekhbhal, Arabic inaya, Korean dolbosim, Swahili utunzaji) uniformly signals caring protection rather than judgment. 1×
AR["وَعِنايَتُكَ"]·ben["এবং-আপনার-যত্ন"]·DE["[ופקדתך]"]·EN["and-Your-care"]·FR["et-ton-ופקדתך-toi"]·heb["ו-פקודתך"]·HI["और-तेरी-देखभाल-ने"]·ID["dan-pemeliharaan-Mu"]·IT["e-e-Your-care-tuo"]·jav["lan-pengawasan-Panjenengan"]·KO["그리고-당신의-돌보심-이"]·PT["e-teu-cuidado"]·RU["и-попечение-Твоё"]·ES["y-tu-providencia"]·SW["na-utunzaji-wako"]·TR["ve-gözetiminle"]·urd["اور-تیری-نگہبانی"]
5. custody, imprisonment — A place of confinement or custody, concretely a prison. Appears in Jeremiah 52:11 where Zedekiah is placed in the house of pquddah until his death. Spanish cárcel, Hindi karaghar, Arabic al-sijn, and Swahili kifungo all denote imprisonment, a metonymic extension from 'place under guard' to 'prison.' 1×
AR["السِّجْنِ"]·ben["কারাগারের"]·DE["Heimsuchung"]·EN["the-custody"]·FR["châtiment"]·heb["ה-פקודות"]·HI["कारागार-के"]·ID["penjagaan"]·IT["visita"]·jav["tahanan"]·KO["감독의"]·PT["a-guarda"]·RU["стражи"]·ES["la-cárcel"]·SW["kifungo"]·TR["gozetim-altina"]·urd["قیدخانے-کے"]
6. deposit, store entrusted — Something deposited or stored up for safekeeping, entrusted wealth or provisions. Found in Isaiah 15:7 where Moab's accumulated store is carried across the Wadi of the Willows. Spanish tesoro, Hindi sangrah, Arabic wadia, and Korean jeochuk point to a treasury or deposit, extending the root's sense of 'entrusting to someone's charge' into the material domain. 1×
AR["وَ-وَدِيعَتُهُمْ"]·ben["ও-তাদের-সঞ্চয়"]·DE["und-Heimsuchung"]·EN["and-their-stored-up"]·FR["et-châtiment"]·heb["ו-פקודתם"]·HI["और-संग्रह-उनका"]·ID["dan-simpanan-mereka"]·IT["e-visita"]·jav["lan-tetinggalanipun"]·KO["그리고-그들의-저축을"]·PT["e-seus-bens"]·RU["и-сбережения-их"]·ES["y-su-tesoro"]·SW["na-mali-yao"]·TR["ve-esyalarini"]·urd["اور-اُن-کا-ذخیرہ"]
Related Senses
H5921a 1. upon, on, over (spatial) (5443×)H0413 1. directional: to, toward (5366×)H1121a 1. son, male offspring, descendant (4914×)H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)H4428 1. king, human ruler (2518×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)H6440 1. before, in front of (spatial) (1870×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H3027 1. physical hand (body part) (1596×)H1697 1. word, speech, utterance (1235×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
פְּקֻדָּה32 n.f. oversight, mustering, visitation, store;—abs. פ׳ Ho 9:7; 1 Ch 23:11; cstr. פְּקֻדַּת Nu 3:32 +; sf. פְּקֻדָּתוֹ 109:8, etc.; pl. פְּקֻדּ(וֹ)ת Je 52:11 +;— 1. visitation: a. = punishment Ho 9:7; Is 10:3; Mi 7:4; Ez 9:1; Nu 16:29 (P), especially in (שְׁנַת)עֵת פְּקֻדָּתָם Je 8:12; 10:15 + 6 times Je (cf. עֵת c. פָּקַד 6:15; 49:8; 50:31), בֵּית הַפּ׳ = prison 52:11. b. gracious…