H6340 H6340
To scatter or disperse; used of God scattering enemies, bones, or frost, and of Israel being scattered like a lone sheep.
The verb פָּזַר describes the forceful scattering or dispersal of people, objects, or natural phenomena. In its active Piel form, it appears most strikingly with God as subject: He scatters the bones of the wicked (Ps 53:5), disperses His foes like chaff (Ps 89:10), and flings frost across the earth (Ps 147:16). Proverbs 11:24 applies it to generous giving -- one who 'scatters' freely grows richer still. The passive forms paint a more poignant picture: Jeremiah calls Israel a 'scattered sheep' (Jer 50:17), and Ps 141:7 laments bones scattered at the mouth of Sheol. Spanish 'dispersar/esparcir' and German 'zerstreuen' consistently reflect both the violent and distributive aspects of the root.
Senses
1. scatter, disperse (active Piel) — Active scattering in the Piel stem, emphasizing thorough or forceful dispersal. God is the primary subject: He scatters enemies (Ps 53:5; 89:10), spreads frost like ashes (Ps 147:16), and disperses nations (Joel 3:2). The intensive Piel underscores completeness -- this is not accidental drifting but decisive action. Proverbs 11:24 extends the image to generous distribution of wealth. Spanish 'esparció/dispersó' and French 'disperser' confirm the active, transitive force. 7×
AR["بَدَّدَ", "شَتَّتوهُمْ", "شَتَّتَ", "مُبَذِّرٌ", "وَ-فَرَّقْتِ", "يُبَدِّدُ"]·ben["এবং-ছড়িয়ে-দিয়েছ", "ছড়িয়ে-দিয়েছেন", "ছড়িয়ে-দেন", "তারা-ছড়িয়ে-দিয়েছে", "তুমি-ছড়িয়ে-দিয়েছ", "যে-ছড়িয়ে-দেয়", "সে-বিতরণ-করেছে"]·DE["[ותפזרי]", "[מפזר]", "[פזרו]", "du-zerstreut", "er-hat-zerstreut", "er-zerstreut", "zerstreut"]·EN["and-scattered", "he-has-scattered", "he-scatters", "one-who-scatters", "scatters", "they-scattered", "you-scattered"]·FR["[ותפזרי]", "disperser", "מפזר"]·heb["ו-פיזרת", "יפזר", "מפזר", "פיזר", "פיזרוּ", "פיזרת"]·HI["और-बिखेरा-तूने", "तितर-बितर-किया", "तूने-तितर-बितर-किया", "बिखेर-दी", "बिखेरनेवाला", "बिखेरा", "वह-बिखेरता-है"]·ID["Engkau-menyerakkan", "Ia-menaburkan", "dan-kamu-menyebarkan", "ia-menaburkan", "mereka-cerai-beraikan", "yang-menyebar"]·IT["[פזרו]", "disperse", "e-sparpagliarsi", "one-chi-scatters"]·jav["Kula", "Panjenengan-nyebar", "Panjenenganipun-nyebar", "Piyambakipun-nebar", "lan-panjenengan-nyebar-sebar", "piyambakipun-muyaraken", "tiyang-kang-nyebar"]·KO["그가-흩뿌리신다", "그리고-흩뜨렸다", "흩뻐리는-자-가", "흩어", "흩어-놓으셨도다", "흩었고", "흩으셨나이다"]·PT["Distribuiu", "e-espalhaste", "espalha", "espalharam", "espalhaste", "espalhou", "quem-espalha"]·RU["Расточил", "и-рассыпала-ты", "рассеял-Ты", "рассеяли", "рассыпает", "рассыпал", "расточающий"]·ES["Esparció", "dispersaron", "dispersó", "esparce", "esparciste", "quien-esparce", "y-esparciste"]·SW["alitawanya", "ametawanya", "anatawanya", "anayetawanya", "na-ukatawanya", "umewatawanya", "waliwatawanya"]·TR["dağıttı", "dağıttılar", "dağıttın", "sacar", "saçan", "ve-dağıttın"]·urd["اور-بکھیرا", "بِکھیر-دِیا", "بکھیرا", "بکھیرا-تُو-نے", "بکھیرنے-والا", "وہ-بکھیرتا-ہے"]
2. be scattered, dispersed (passive) — Passive scattering expressed through the Qal passive participle, Niphal, and Pual forms, portraying the state of having been dispersed. Jeremiah 50:17 uses the feminine participle שֶׂה פְזוּרָה, 'a scattered sheep,' as a powerful image of exiled Israel driven from its fold. In Ps 141:7, bones lie scattered at Sheol's mouth. Esther 3:8 describes the Jews as 'scattered and dispersed' among the peoples. The multilingual evidence -- Spanish 'dispersa/disperso,' German 'zerstreut' -- consistently renders this as a resultant state rather than an ongoing action. 3×
AR["تَبَدَّدَتْ", "مُتَفَرِّقٌ", "مُشَتَّتَةٌ"]·ben["ছড়ানো", "ছড়িয়ে-আছে", "বিক্ষিপ্ত"]·DE["[מפזר]", "[פזורה]", "sind-zerstreut"]·EN["are-scattered", "scattered"]·FR["[מפזר]", "[פזורה]", "disperser"]·heb["מפזר", "נפזרו", "פזורה"]·HI["बिखरी-हुई", "बिखरी-हैं", "बिखरे-हुए"]·ID["berserakan", "tercerai-berai", "yang-tercerai-berai"]·IT["[מפזר]", "disperse", "sparpagliarsi"]·jav["ingkang-buyar", "kasebar", "sumebar"]·KO["흩어졌도다", "흩어지고", "흩어진"]·PT["dispersa", "espalhado", "foram-espalhados"]·RU["рассеянная", "рассеянный", "рассыпаны"]·ES["dispersa", "disperso", "fueron-esparcidos"]·SW["aliyetawanyika", "waliotawanyika", "yametawanyika"]·TR["dağılmış", "dağıtılmış", "savruldu"]·urd["بکھری", "بکھری-ہوئی", "بکھریں-ہوئیں"]
Related Senses
H0935 1. come, arrive (Qal) (2413×)G1473 1. first person singular pronoun (2084×)H3318 1. Qal: go out, depart, come forth (891×)H7725 1. to return, come/go back (Qal) (874×)H5927 1. go up, ascend (Qal) (779×)H7971 1. to send, dispatch (Qal) (701×)G2064 1. come / arrive (physical movement toward) (588×)H5307 1. Qal: fall down physically (339×)H5375 1. Qal: to lift up, raise (330×)H5975 1. to stand, stand up (310×)H5674a 1. Qal: pass by, pass through (256×)H3381 1. Qal: to go down, descend (physical movement) (242×)G1831 1. go/come out physically (193×)H5337 1. deliver, rescue, save (Hifil) (188×)H7901 1. lie down, rest, sleep (183×)G1525 1. enter a place physically (179×)H7812 1. prostrate oneself, bow down, worship (173×)H3318 2. Hifil: bring out, lead out, take out (persons) (172×)H7725 2. to bring back, restore (Hifil) (151×)H5674a 2. Qal: cross over (134×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† [פָּזַר] vb. scatter (usually regarded as secondary form of בזר q.v.; NH id. Pi. (opp. כנם = כנשׁ), Niph.; Arabic فَزَرَ rend, slit, also separate, disperse);— Qal Pt. pass. f. שֶׂה פְזוּרָה Je 50:17 a scattered sheep is Israel (i.e. driven off, isolated). Niph. Pf. 3 pl. נִפְזְרוּ ψ 141:7 our bones are scattered לְפִי שְׁאוֹל. Pi. Pf. 3 ms. פִּזַּר ψ 53:6; 112:9, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יְפַזֵּר…