H6275 H6275
To move, advance, proceed; grow old; be displaced; remove; transcribe — a versatile root spanning motion, aging, and textual copying
A remarkably flexible Hebrew verb whose senses range from physical relocation to the passage of time itself. When Abraham 'moved on' from there toward Bethel (Gen 12:8), it was this word that described his journeying. Yet the same root can describe eyes growing dim with grief (Ps 6:7) or an immovable rock being displaced from its place (Job 14:18). Its most surprising use comes in Prov 25:1, where Hezekiah's scribes 'copied' the proverbs of Solomon — a sense that likely developed from the idea of transferring or moving text from one scroll to another. The Arabic cognate ataqa (to grow old, become free) and Aramaic athiq (to be ancient) illuminate the aging senses beautifully.
Senses
1. to move forward, proceed — The Hiphil sense of moving forward on a journey or proceeding to a new location. In Gen 12:8, Abraham 'moved on' from between Bethel and Ai, and in Gen 26:22, Isaac 'moved away' after the well dispute at Rehoboth. German 'und-brach-auf' (and broke camp) and 'und-zog-weiter' (and moved on) precisely capture the itinerant, camp-striking quality of this patriarchal travel vocabulary. Spanish 'se-trasladó' (relocated) likewise emphasizes the full relocation. 2×
AR["وَ-انتَقَلَ","وَ-انْتَقَلَ"]·ben["আর-সরিয়ে-গেল","আর-সরে-গেলেন"]·DE["und-brach-auf","und-zog-weiter"]·EN["and-he-moved","and-moved"]·FR["et-il-mut","et-mut"]·heb["ו-יעתק"]·HI["और-वह-अअगे-बध","और-हटा"]·ID["dan-pindah"]·IT["e-egli-mosse","e-mosse"]·jav["Lan-pindah","Lan-pindhah"]·KO["그리고-옮겼다","그리고-이동했다"]·PT["E-mudou-se"]·RU["и-передвинулся"]·ES["Y-se-movió","Y-se-trasladó"]·SW["Na-akahama","Na-akaondoka"]·TR["Ve-taşındı"]·urd["اور-کوچ-کیا","اور-ہٹا"]
2. to grow old, become feeble — The Qal sense of advancing in years, growing old and feeble — an Aramaism reflecting the cognate athaq (to be ancient). In Job 21:7, the wicked 'grow old' and increase in power, a bitter complaint about injustice. In Ps 6:8 (English 6:7), the psalmist's eye 'grows weak' from grief. The pairing with ashshâh (to waste away) in the Psalm confirms this is physical deterioration through aging or sorrow, not mere temporal passage. 2×
AR["شَاخَتْ","يَشِيخُونَ"]·ben["তারা-বৃদ্ধ-হয়েছে","বৃদ্ধ-হয়েছে"]·DE["[עתקו]","wächst-schwach"]·EN["grow-old","grows-weak"]·FR["être-ancien"]·heb["עתקה","עתקו"]·HI["बूढ़ी-हो-गई-है","वे-बूढ़े-होते-हैं"]·ID["menua","mereka-bertambah-tua"]·IT["fu-antico","rimuovere"]·jav["alum","dados-sepuh"]·KO["늘었나니","늙었나이다"]·PT["Envelhecem","envelheceram"]·RU["ослабел","стареют"]·ES["envejecen,","ha-envejecido"]·SW["limezeeka","wanazeeka"]·TR["yaşlandı","yaşlanır"]·urd["بوڑھی-ہو-گئی-ہے","بوڑھے ہوتے ہیں"]
3. to move from a place — The Qal sense of being moved or displaced from a fixed position, said of geological features rather than persons. In Job 14:18, even a mountain crumbles and a rock 'is moved from its place' — an image of cosmic impermanence. In Job 18:4, Bildad asks whether the earth should be abandoned for Job's sake or a rock displaced. Spanish 'se-mueve' (moves itself) and 'se-moverá' (will move) reflect the reflexive quality of this intransitive displacement. 2×
AR["تَنْتَقِلُ","وَ-يَنْتَقِلُ-"]·ben["এবং-সরে-যাবে-","সরে"]·DE["[ויעתק]","[יעתק]"]·EN["and-will-move","moves"]·FR["et-être-ancien","être-ancien"]·heb["ו-יעתק","ייעתק"]·HI["अपने-कारण","हट-जाती-है"]·ID["berpindah","dan-dipindahkan"]·IT["e-rimuovere","rimuovere"]·jav["lan-dipunpindhah-","pindhah"]·KO["그리고-옮겨지겠느냐-","옮겨지느니라"]·PT["e-mover-se-á","remove-se"]·RU["и-сдвинется-","сдвигается"]·ES["se-mueve","y-se-moverá"]·SW["na-utasogezwa","unasogezwa"]·TR["ve-taşınır-","yerinden-oynar"]·urd["اور-ہٹایا-جائے-","ہٹتا-ہے"]
4. to remove, displace — The Hiphil causative sense of removing or displacing by force, attributed to God's power. In Job 9:5, God 'removes mountains' without their knowing it — one of the great theophanic power-images. In Job 32:15 (following some textual traditions), words 'have departed from' the friends of Job. The shift from intransitive displacement (sense 3) to causative removal highlights the theological emphasis on divine agency. 2×
AR["المُحَوِّلُ","انتَقَلَت"]·ben["চলে-গেছে","যিনি-সরিয়ে-দেন"]·DE["[המעתיק]","[העתיקו]"]·EN["the-One-moving","they-have-removed"]·FR["le-être-ancien","être-ancien"]·heb["ה-מעתיק","העתיקו"]·HI["हट-गए","हटाने-वाला"]·ID["Yang-memindahkan","mereka memindahkan"]·IT["il-rimuovere","rimuovere"]·jav["ingkang-mindahaken","kesah"]·KO["그들이-옥겨갔다","옮기시는-분-은"]·PT["O-que-remove","afastaram"]·RU["передвигающий","удалились"]·ES["El-que-mueve","retiraron"]·SW["anayesogeza","yameondoka"]·TR["taşıyan","uzaklaştılar"]·urd["چلے گئے","ہٹانے-والا"]
5. to transcribe, copy — The unique scribal-technical Hiphil sense of transcribing or copying text from one document to another. In Prov 25:1, 'These also are proverbs of Solomon which the men of Hezekiah king of Judah copied.' This is the only biblical attestation of this meaning, yet it became productive in later Hebrew. English 'copied' and Spanish 'copiaron' are transparent, while the semantic development from 'move, transfer' to 'transfer text' is a natural metaphorical extension seen across many languages. 1×
AR["نَسَخَها"]·ben["সংকলন-করেছে"]·DE["[העתיקו]"]·EN["copied"]·FR["être-ancien"]·heb["העתיקו"]·HI["नकल-किए"]·ID["disalin"]·IT["rimuovere"]·jav["dipunsalin"]·KO["베껔주었더라"]·PT["copiaram"]·RU["собрали"]·ES["copiaron"]·SW["walinakili"]·TR["kopya-ettiler"]·urd["نقل-کیں-اُنہوں-نے"]
Related Senses
H1961 1. be, exist, was (Qal copular/existential) (3505×)H0935 1. come, arrive (Qal) (2413×)G1510 1. copulative, linking predication (2095×)G1473 1. first person singular pronoun (2084×)H3318 1. Qal: go out, depart, come forth (891×)H7725 1. to return, come/go back (Qal) (874×)H5927 1. go up, ascend (Qal) (779×)H7971 1. to send, dispatch (Qal) (701×)G2064 1. come / arrive (physical movement toward) (588×)G1096 1. become, change state (421×)H5307 1. Qal: fall down physically (339×)H5375 1. Qal: to lift up, raise (330×)H5975 1. to stand, stand up (310×)H5674a 1. Qal: pass by, pass through (256×)H3381 1. Qal: to go down, descend (physical movement) (242×)G1831 1. go/come out physically (193×)H5337 1. deliver, rescue, save (Hifil) (188×)H7901 1. lie down, rest, sleep (183×)G1525 1. enter a place physically (179×)H7812 1. prostrate oneself, bow down, worship (173×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† [עָתֵק] vb. move, proceed, advance (NH Hiph.; Assyrian etêḳu as H., also trans. bring, move; Arabic عَتَقَ, عَتُقَ precede, pass forth, become free, grow old; Aramaic ܥܬܶܩ, עֲתַק grow old, Palm. adj. עתק old);— Qal Pf. 3 fs. עָֽתְקָה ψ 6:8, 3 pl. עָֽתְקוּ Jb 21:7; Impf. 3 ms. יֶעְתַּק Jb 14:18; 18:4;— 1. move וְצוּר יֶע׳ מִמְּקֹמוֹ Jb 14:18, so 18:4. 2. advance (in years; Aramaic sense) 21:7 (‖…