H6213a H6213a
Do, perform, act; make, construct; be done (Niphal); produce, yield; work, labor
The great all-purpose Hebrew verb of action, appearing over 2,600 times. Like English 'do' and 'make' combined, it covers everything from God creating the heavens to a farmer tending his field. Its semantic range stretches from the divine—'your Maker' as a title for God (Job 4:17)—to the agricultural, where a vineyard 'produces' wild grapes (Isa 5:2). The Niphal passive allows events to simply 'be done' without naming an agent, a construction favored in legal and narrative contexts. Arabic preserves a similar split between faʿala (do) and ṣanaʿa (make), hinting that Hebrew merged two Proto-Semitic roots into one workhorse verb.
Senses
1. do, perform, act — The default Qal sense: to do, perform, carry out an action or command. With 2,383 occurrences, this covers obedience ('Noah did all that God commanded,' Gen 6:22), wrongdoing ('he did evil,' Gen 38:10), and every kind of purposeful activity. Spanish 'hizo' and German 'tat' match its generality perfectly. 2383×
AR["صَنَعَ", "عَمِلَ", "فَعَلَ", "فَعَلَهُ", "يَصنَعُ", "يَصْنَعْ"]·ben["করবেন", "করলেন।", "করেছিল", "করেছিলেন", "করেছে", "করেছেন", "তিনি-করলেন", "তিনি-করেছিলেন", "তিনি-করেছেন"]·DE["er-tat", "tat"]·EN["did", "he-did"]·FR["fit", "il-fit"]·heb["יעשה", "עָשָׂה", "עשה"]·HI["उसने-किया", "किए-थे-उसने", "किया", "किया-उसने", "किया-था", "कीं", "बनाया"]·ID["Dia-lakukan", "Ia-lakukan", "dia-lakukan", "dilakukan", "dilakukan-Nya", "ia lakukan", "ia-buat", "ia-lakukan", "melakukan", "mengurus"]·IT["egli-fece", "fece"]·jav["Panjenenganipun-nindakaken", "damel", "dipun-tindakaken", "dipunlampahi", "dipuntindakaken", "ndamel", "nglampahi", "nindakaken"]·KO["그가-만든", "다듬었다", "펉하였다", "하셨다", "하였습니다", "했다", "행하셨느니라", "행하셨는가", "행하셨다", "행하였다", "행한", "행한-것이", "행했다"]·PT["fez", "tratou"]·RU["делал", "сделал"]·ES["hizo"]·SW["akafanya", "alifanya", "alinifanyia", "aliyofanya", "amefanya", "fanya", "hakutunza"]·TR["yaptı"]·urd["اُس-نے-کیا-تھا", "کی", "کیا", "کیا-اُس-نے", "کیا-تھا", "کیں", "کیے-تھے"]
2. make, construct, fabricate — To make, build, or construct a physical object. Concentrated in Exodus 25-40 where the tabernacle furnishings are fashioned: 'you shall make a mercy seat' (Exod 25:17). Spanish 'harás' and German 'machen' both distinguish this constructive sense from mere doing, paralleling the English make/do split. 148×
AR["وَ-تَصنَعُ"]·ben["এবং-তুমি-তৈরি-করবে", "এবং-তুমি-বানাবে"]·DE["und-du-sollst-machen"]·EN["and-you-shall-make"]·FR["et-tu---faire"]·heb["ו-עשית"]·HI["और-बनाओ", "और-बनाना"]·ID["Dan-engkau membuat", "Dan-engkau-akan-membuat", "dan-engkau membuat", "dan-engkau-akan-membuat"]·IT["e-tu-farai"]·jav["Lan-panjenengan-damel", "Lan-panjenengan-damelna", "Sarta-panjenengan-badhé-damel", "sarta-panjenengan-badhé-damel"]·KO["그리고-너는-만들어라", "그리고-만들라"]·PT["E-farás", "e-farás"]·RU["И-сделай", "и-сделай"]·ES["Y-harás", "y-harás"]·SW["na-utafanya"]·TR["Ve-yapacaksın", "ve-yapacaksın"]·urd["اور-بناؤ", "اور-تو-بنائے-گا"]
Exod 25:11, Exod 25:13, Exod 25:17, Exod 25:18, Exod 25:23, Exod 25:24, Exod 25:25, Exod 25:25, Exod 25:26, Exod 25:28, Exod 25:29, Exod 25:31 (+38 more)
3. be done, be made (Niphal) — Niphal passive: to be done or be made, removing the agent from view. Genesis 20:9 asks 'what have you done to us?' using a form that emphasizes the deed over the doer. French 'être fait' and Spanish 'se hará' capture this impersonal construction common in legal contexts and divine pronouncements (Gen 22:16). 73×
amh["ይደረግብሃል"]·AR["تُعمَلُ", "تُعْمَلُ", "صُنِعَ", "فَعَلْتَ", "يُصْنَعُ", "يُعمَلُ", "يُعْمَلُ", "يُفعل", "يُفْعَلُ"]·ben["করা-হবে", "করেছ", "কাজ-করা-হবে", "কাজ-হবে", "সম্পন্ন-হবে", "হবে"]·ces["bude-učiněno"]·dan["skal-gøres"]·DE["du-haben-getan", "er-macht", "er-tut", "es-soll-sein-getan", "es-soll-sein-machte", "es-wird-sein-getan", "soll-sein-getan", "tun", "wird-getan-werden", "wird-sein-getan", "wuerde-sein-getan"]·ell["θα-γίνει"]·EN["it-shall-be-done", "it-shall-be-made", "it-will-be-done", "shall-be-done", "will-be-done", "would-be-done", "you-have-done"]·FR["--être-fait", "aurait-être-fait", "cela-devra-être-fait", "cela-devra-être-fit", "cela-fera-être-fait", "faire", "fera-être-fait", "il-fera", "il-sera-fait", "tu-avoir-fait"]·guj["કરવામાં-આવશે"]·hat["va-fè"]·hau["za-a-yi"]·heb["יֵעָשֶׂה", "ייעשה", "יעשה", "נעשתה", "עשה", "עשית", "תיעשה"]·HI["काम-किया-जाए", "किय-जयेग", "किया-जाए", "किया-जाएगा", "किया-जाता-है", "किया-तूने", "की-जाएगी", "हो-रहा-था", "होगा"]·hun["tétetik"]·ID["akan-dilakukan", "boleh-dilakukan", "dibuat", "dilakukan", "harus-dilakukan", "telah-engkau-lakukan", "yang-akan-terjadi", "yang-dilakukan"]·IT["esso-dovra-essere-fatto", "esso-vorrà-essere-fatto", "fara", "fare", "sara-fatto", "sarà-fatto", "shall-essere-fatto", "tu-avere-fatto", "vorrà-essere-fatto", "would-essere-fatto"]·jav["badhe-dipun-lampahaken", "badhé-dipun-tindakaken", "badhé-dipuntindakaken", "badhé-katindakaken", "badhé-kelampahan", "dipun-damel", "dipun-tindakaken", "katindakaken", "kedah-dipundamel", "pakaryan-badhé-dipun-tindakaken", "panjenengan-sampun-nindakaken"]·JA["行われる"]·KO["네가-했다", "되어질지", "될-것이다", "될-것인가", "만들어질-것이다", "바쳐질-것이며", "이루어졌나이다", "해야-한다", "해질-것이다", "행하겠느냐", "행해지게-하라", "행해지리라", "행해진다"]·mar["केले-जाईल"]·mya["ပြုခြင်းခံမည်"]·nld["zal-gedaan-worden"]·nor["skal-bli-gjort"]·pnb["کیتا-جائے-گا"]·pol["zostanie-uczynione"]·PT["que-fizeste", "se-fará", "seria-feito", "será-feita", "será-feito"]·ron["ți-se-va-face"]·RU["будет-делаться", "будет-сделано", "пусть-делается", "сделается", "сделал-ты", "сделано-будет", "совершится"]·ES["hiciste", "les-será-hecho", "se-hará", "se-haría", "será-hecho"]·SW["itafanywa", "itakayofanywa", "itatolewa", "kitafanywa", "umetufanyia", "utafanyiwa"]·swe["skall-göras"]·tam["செய்யப்படும்"]·tel["చేయబడును"]·tgl["gagawin"]·TH["จะทําแก่เจ้า"]·TR["yaptın", "yapılacak", "yapılır", "öyle"]·ukr["буде-зроблено"]·urd["پیش-کیا-جائے", "کیا-تو-نے", "کیا-جائے", "کیا-جائے-گا", "کیا-جائےگا", "ہوگا"]·VI["sẽ-được-làm"]·yor["a-ó-ṣe"]·yue["會被做"]·ZH["必被行"]
Gen 20:9, Gen 20:9, Gen 22:16, Gen 31:26, Gen 32:10, Exod 2:4, Exod 3:16, Exod 12:16, Exod 14:11, Exod 31:14, Exod 31:15, Exod 31:15 (+38 more)
4. Maker, Creator — Participial substantive: Maker or Creator as a title. Job 4:17 asks 'shall a man be more pure than his Maker?' where the participle becomes a divine name. Spanish 'El que hizo' and English 'his Maker' show this shift from verb to title, a usage concentrated in Job and the Psalms (Ps 136:4; Job 31:15; 40:19). 15×
AR["الصّانِعُ", "صانِعَهُ", "صانِعُ", "صَانِعُ", "صَانِعُهُ", "صَنَعَهُ", "لِـ-صَانِعِ", "مِنْ-صانِعِهِ", "يَصْنَعُ"]·ben["-যিনি-সৃষ্টি-করেছেন", "অর্জনকারী", "করণকারীকে", "করি", "তাঁর-স্রষ্টা", "তার-স্রষ্টাকে", "তার-স্রষ্টার-চেয়ে", "তৈরি-করেছিলেন-তাকে", "তৈরিকারক", "নির্মাণকারীকে", "যিনি-তৈরি-করেন", "যিনি-নির্মাণ-করেন-"]·DE["der-sie-machten", "machte", "tat", "zu-der-tat"]·EN["Maker-of", "his-Maker", "his-maker", "make-him", "maker-of", "makes", "making", "making-", "more-than-his-Maker", "the-One-making", "the-one-who-made-it", "to-the-one-doing", "to-the-one-making"]·FR["de-faire-lui", "faire", "faire-lui", "il-a-fait", "le-faire-lui", "à-faire"]·heb["ה-עושהו", "ל-עושה", "מ-עושהו", "עוֹשׂה", "עושה", "עושהו", "עשהו"]·HI["अपने-बनानेवाले-से", "उसके-बनानेवाला", "करनेवाले-को", "जो-बनाता-है", "बनाने-वाला", "बनानेवाला", "बनानेवाले-उसके", "बनानेवाले-की", "बनानेवाले-को", "बनाया-उसे"]·ID["Kepada-yang-melakukan", "Kepada-yang-membuat", "Pembuatnya", "Pencipta-Nya", "Penciptanya", "Yang-membuat", "Yang-menciptakan", "daripada-Pembuatnya", "membuat", "membuatnya", "yang-membuat", "yang-mengumpulkan", "yang-menjadikan"]·IT["a-fece", "da-fare-suo", "fare", "fare-suo", "fece", "il-fare-suo"]·jav["Dhateng-ingkang-damel", "Dhateng-ingkang-nindakaken", "Ingkang-ndamel", "Ingkang-ndamel-piyambakipun", "Kang-Ndamel", "Kang-Ndamel-piyambakipun", "damel", "ingkang-damel", "kang-ndamel", "kang-nitahaken", "ndamel-piyambak-ipun", "punika-tiyang-ingkang-ndamel", "saking-Ingkang-Damel-piyambakipun"]·KO["그-를-만드신-자-를", "그것-을-만드신-이가", "그를-지으셨고", "그의-만드신-이를", "만드는", "만드셨느니라", "만드시는-분-은-", "만드시니", "만드신-분-을-그-의", "만드신-이-에게", "만드신-이는", "보다-그의-만드신-이", "얻는-자가", "행하시는-이-에게"]·PT["Ao-que-faz", "Ao-que-fez", "Criador-dele", "Fazendo-", "Que-faz", "de-fazedor-dele", "faz", "fazedor-de", "fazedor-dele", "fez-o", "o-que-o-fez", "seu-Criador"]·RU["Создателя-его", "Создателя-своего", "Творец-его", "Творящий", "перед-Творцом-своим", "приобретающий", "создатель", "создающий", "сотворившему-", "сотворил-его", "творящему-", "творящий"]·ES["Al-que-hace", "Al-que-hizo", "El-que-hizo", "a-Hacedor-su", "el-hacedor-de", "el-que-lo-hizo", "hace", "hacedor-de", "lo-hizo", "más-que-su-Hacedor", "su-Hacedor"]·SW["Aliyeumba", "Anayepata", "Muumba-wake", "Muumbaji-wake", "afanyaye", "alimuumba", "aliyeumba", "aliyewaumba", "anayefanya", "anayeumba", "kuliko-Muumba-wake", "ninayefanya"]·TR["Yapıcısından", "Yaratıcısı", "Yaratıcısına", "Yaratıcısını-onun", "yapan", "yapan-", "yapana-", "yapanı", "yapanını", "yaptı-onu"]·urd["اُس-کا-بنانے-والا", "اپنے-بنانے-والے-سے", "بنانے-والا", "بنانے-والے-اپنے", "بنانے-والے-اپنے-کی", "بنانے-والے-کا", "بنانے-والے-کی", "بنایا اسے", "کرنے-والے-کا", "کمانے-والا"]
5. produce, yield fruit — To produce or yield fruit and crops, a specialized agricultural sense. Isaiah 5:2-10's vineyard parable uses it repeatedly—the vine was expected to 'produce' good grapes but 'made' wild ones instead. Spanish 'producirá' distinguishes this from generic 'hacer,' revealing a semantic narrowing toward natural fertility. 6×
AR["أَن-يُثمِرَ", "تُنتِجُ", "لِلعَمَلِ", "يَصنَعونَ", "يُنتِجُ"]·ben["-করতে", "-ফলন-করতে", "তৈরি-করবে", "ফলন-করবে"]·DE["er-tut", "machte", "tun", "zu-tun"]·EN["for-to-make", "they-shall-produce", "to-do", "will-yield"]·FR["faire"]·heb["יעשה", "יעשו", "יעשון", "ל-עשות"]·HI["उपजाएँगे", "करने-को", "देंगी", "देगा"]·ID["akan-menghasilkan", "mereka-menghasilkan", "untuk-menghasilkan", "yang-harus-dikerjakan"]·IT["fara", "fare"]·jav["badhé-ngasilaken", "kangge-ngasilaken", "taksih-saged-dipuntindakaken", "ugi"]·KO["내리라", "릺으리라", "맺기를", "할-것이었냐"]·PT["fazer", "produzirá", "produzirão"]·RU["принести", "произведут", "произведёт", "сделать", "сделают"]·ES["más-pude-hacer", "para-producir", "producirá", "producirán"]·SW["itazaa", "kuzaa", "zaa", "zaidi-ya-kufanya", "zitazaa"]·TR["verecek", "vermesini", "yapacaklar", "yapmak-icin"]·urd["پیدا-کرنے", "پیدا-کریں-گے", "پیدا-کرے-گا", "کرنا-باقی-تھا"]
6. work, labor, toil — To work, labor, or toil at a task or occupation over sustained time. Ruth 2:19 asks 'where did you work today?' and Nehemiah 4:6 describes builders who 'worked' with determination. Swahili 'kufanya kazi' (do work) and Spanish 'trabajar' capture the emphasis on effort and employment rather than a single completed act. 5×
AR["أَنْ-تَعْمَلَ", "عَمِلَتْ", "عَمِلْتِ", "فِي-عَمَلِهِ", "لِـ-يَعْمَلُوا"]·ben["-কাজের-জন্য", "কাজ-করতে", "তাঁর-কাজে", "তুমি-কাজ-করেছ", "সে-কাজ-করেছিল"]·DE["du-machtest", "machte"]·EN["did-you-work", "she-worked", "to-work", "when-he-works"]·FR["dans-faire-lui", "elle-worked", "faire", "fit-tu-œuvre", "à-faire"]·heb["ב-עשותו", "ל-עשה", "לעשות", "עשית", "עשתה"]·HI["काम-करने", "काम-करने-को", "काम-किया", "किया", "जब-वह-काम-करता-है"]·ID["dia-bekerja", "engkau-bekerja", "ketika-Dia-bekerja", "untuk-bekerja"]·IT["ella-worked", "fare", "fece-tu-opera", "in-fare-suo", "per-fare"]·jav["ing-padamelan-Ipun", "kangge-nglampahi", "kanggé-nyambut-damel", "nindakaken"]·KO["그가-행하시는데", "그녀가-일한", "네가-일했느냐", "일하기를", "일하려는"]·PT["de-trabalhar", "para-trabalhar", "quando-ele-age", "trabalhaste", "trabalhou"]·RU["когда-действует", "работала", "работать"]·ES["cuando-obra", "para-hacer", "trabajar", "trabajaste", "trabajó"]·SW["alikuwa-amefanya-kazi", "anapofanya-kazi", "kufanya-kazi", "ulifanya-kazi"]·TR["işlediğinde", "çalışmak-için", "çalışmayı", "çalıştın", "çalıştığı"]·urd["کام-اُس-کے-میں", "کام-کرنے-سے", "کام-کیا-اُس-نے", "کام-کیا-تو-نے", "کے-لیے-کرنے"]
Related Senses
G0846 1. third-person pronoun reference (5552×)H???? 1. (4670×)G4160 1. do, act, perform (473×)H5221 1. Hifil: to strike in battle, smite enemies (362×)H0899b 1. garment, article of clothing (216×)H3772 1. cut a covenant / make a pact (97×)H5060 1. touch physically (Qal) (96×)H3615 1. complete a task (Piel) (85×)H3772 2. cut off / destroy (Hifil causative) (81×)H3920 1. capture, seize (Qal) (76×)H???? 12. (76×)H3772 3. be cut off / be eliminated (Niphal) (74×)G4160 2. make, construct, create (62×)H3847 1. Qal: put on, wear (60×)H8210 1. pour out (liquid/libation) (59×)G2440 1. garment or clothing (general) (54×)H4191 4. kill / put to death (Hifil causative) (50×)H7665 1. Qal: break, shatter (50×)H8628 1. blow a trumpet/horn (49×)H3615 2. consume, destroy (Piel) (47×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
I. עָשָׂה I. עָשָׂה vb. do, make (NH = BH; MI23.26 עשתי, l.3.9 ואעש, l.24 Imv. עשו; OH n.pr. עשיו, אלעשה, מעשיהו; not Aramaic, and not certainly found in S. Sem. lang.; on Sab. v. especially DHMSB Berl. Akkadian 1886, 849);— Qal2524 Pf. 3 ms. Gn 3:1 +, sf. עָשָׂהוּ Ho 8:6 +; 3 fs. עָֽשְׂתָה Dt 22:21 +, וְעָשָׂת consec. Lv 25:21; 2 ms. עָשִׂיתָ Gn 3:14 +, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יַעֲשֶׂה Gn 18:25 +,…