H5680 H5680
Hebrew; the gentilic adjective and noun designating members of the Israelite/Abrahamic people, masculine or feminine.
The ethnic designation 'ivri (Hebrew) is among the most ancient self-identifiers of the covenant people. It appears most often in the mouths of foreigners or in contexts distinguishing Israelites from other nations: Potiphar's wife calls Joseph 'a Hebrew man' (Gen 39:14, 17), and Joseph himself tells the Egyptians he was stolen from 'the land of the Hebrews' (Gen 40:15). The feminine form surfaces in the Exodus birth narrative where Hebrew midwives and mothers defy Pharaoh (Exod 1:15-19; 2:7), and in Deuteronomy's manumission law (Deut 15:12). Spanish 'hebreo/hebrea' and German 'Hebräer/Hebräerin' preserve the gender distinction clearly.
Senses
1. Hebrew man/people — Hebrew man or people (masculine) — the gentilic designation identifying males or the collective nation as ethnically Hebrew. Abraham is first called ha-ivri (Gen 14:13), and the term recurs in Egyptian and Philistine speech to mark Israelites as distinct: Joseph in prison (Gen 40:15; 41:12), the Ark narrative (1 Sam 4:6, 9), and the law of Hebrew servants (Exod 21:2; Deut 15:12). Spanish 'hebreo/hebreos,' French 'Hébreu,' and Korean '히브리' all serve as ethnic identifiers. The connection to Eber (Gen 10:21) and the possible meaning 'one from beyond' (the Euphrates or the Jordan) remains debated but linguistically suggestive. 28×
AR["العِبرانِيّونَ", "الـ-عِبْرَانِيُّونَ", "الـ-عِبْرَانِيِّينَ", "الْ-عِبْرَانِيِّينَ", "الْعِبْرَانِيِّينَ", "عِبرانِيّاً", "عِبْرَانِيًّا", "عِبْرَانِيٌّ", "عِبْرَانِيٍّ", "عِبْرَانِيَّانِ", "عِبْرَانِيُّونَ"]·ben["-ইব্রীয়রা", "ইব্রীয়", "ইব্রীয়দের", "ইব্রীয়রা", "ইব্রীয়েরা"]·DE["Hebraeer", "Hebrews", "[עברי]", "den-Hebräern", "der-Hebraeer", "der-Hebrews", "der-Hebräer", "ein-Hebräer", "einen-Hebräer"]·EN["Hebrew", "Hebrews", "a-Hebrew", "the-Hebrews"]·FR["Hebrews", "Hébreu", "le-Hebrews", "le-Hébreux", "un-Hébreu"]·heb["ה-עבריים", "ה-עברים", "עברי", "עברים"]·HI["इब्रानियों-का", "इब्रानियों-के", "इब्रि", "इब्रियों", "इब्रियों-के", "इब्री", "इब्रीयõ-का", "इब्रीयõ-के"]·ID["Ibrani", "Orang-Ibrani", "orang-Ibrani", "orang-orang-Ibrani"]·IT["Ebreo", "Hebrews", "[עברי]", "il-Ebrei", "il-Hebrews", "un-Ebreo"]·jav["Ibrani", "tiyang-Ibrani", "tiyang-Ibrani,", "tiyang-tiyang-Ibrani"]·KO["그-히브리사람들", "그-히브리인들아", "그-히브리인들의", "그-히브리인들이", "히브리", "히브리-사람", "히브리의", "히브리인", "히브리인들과", "히브리인들의", "히브리인들이"]·PT["Ivrim", "hebreu", "hebreus", "os-Hebreus", "os-Ivrim", "os-hebreus"]·RU["Евреев", "Еврей", "Еврея", "Евреями", "евреев", "евреи", "еврей", "еврейского", "еврея"]·ES["hebreo", "hebreos", "los-hebreos"]·SW["Miebrania", "Mwebrania", "Waebrania", "Wiebrania", "nchi-ya-Wiebrania", "wa-Waebrania"]·TR["-İbraniler", "-İbranilerin", "İbrani", "İbraniler", "İbranilerin"]·urd["عبرانی", "عبرانیوں", "عبرانیوں-کی", "عبرانیوں-کے"]
2. Hebrew woman/women — Hebrew woman or women (feminine) — the specifically feminine form of the gentilic, used to designate females of Hebrew ethnicity. This appears almost exclusively in the Exodus birth narrative: the Hebrew midwives Shiphrah and Puah (Exod 1:15-16, 19), Moses's sister offering to find a Hebrew nursing woman (Exod 2:7), and the Deuteronomic law explicitly extending manumission rights to a Hebrew woman (Deut 15:12). Spanish 'hebrea/hebreas' and German 'Hebräerin' preserve the feminine marking that distinguishes this form from the masculine. 6×
AR["الْعِبْرَانِيَّاتُ", "الْعِبْرَانِيَّاتِ", "الْعِبْرَانِيَّةُ", "الْعِبْرَانِيَّتَيْنِ", "وَالْعِبْرِيَّةَ"]·ben["আর-ইব্রীয়া", "ইব্রীয়", "ইব্রীয়-স্ত্রীলোকদের", "ইব্রীয়দের", "সেই-ইব্রীয়া"]·DE["[והעבריה]", "der-Hebraeer", "der-Hebraeer-Frauen", "der-Hebrew-Frau"]·EN["and-the-Hebrew-woman", "the-Hebrew", "the-Hebrew-woman", "the-Hebrew-women"]·FR["[והעבריה]", "le-Hebrew-femme", "le-Hébreu", "le-Hébreu-femmes"]·heb["ה-עבריה", "ה-עבריות", "ו-ה-עבריה"]·HI["इब्री", "इब्री-स्त्रियõ", "इब्री-स्त्री", "और-इब्रन"]·ID["Ibrani", "dan-orang-Ibrani-perempuan", "perempuan-Ibrani", "perempuan-perempuan-Ibrani"]·IT["[והעבריה]", "il-Ebreo", "il-Ebreo-donne", "il-Hebrew-donna"]·jav["Ibrani", "lan-tiyang-Ibrani-èstri", "tiyang-Ibrani-èstri", "tiyang-èstri-Ibrani"]·KO["그-히브리-여인이", "그리고-히브리인-여자", "에게-너", "히브리-여인들을", "히브리의", "히브리인들은"]·PT["a-hebreia", "as-hebreias", "e-a-hebreia"]·RU["-еврейка", "евреек", "еврейки", "еврейским", "и-еврейку"]·ES["la-hebrea", "las-hebreas", "y-la-hebrea"]·SW["Waebrania", "mwanamke-Mwebrania", "na-Mwebrania", "wa-Waebrania", "wanawake-Waebrania"]·TR["-İbranili-kadın", "ve-İbrani-kadın-o", "İbrani", "İbrani-kadınlar", "İbrani-kadınları"]·urd["-عبرانی-عورت", "اور-عبرانیہ", "عبرانی", "عبرانی-عورتوں-کی", "عبرانیوں"]
Related Senses
H5971a 1. people, nation (1836×)H5973a 1. accompaniment, together with (956×)H0854 1. with (accompaniment) (665×)H1471a 1. nations, peoples (plural/collective) (466×)G3326 1. with (368×)H1285 1. covenant, pact, treaty (284×)G2453 1. Jewish person, Jew (194×)H4150 1. meeting (tent of meeting) (151×)G2992 1. people/nation (an ethnic or political community) (142×)G4862 1. (129×)G1484 1. Gentiles, non-Jewish nations (128×)H1471a 2. nation, people-group (singular) (98×)H3162b 1. together (97×)H1616 1. sojourner, resident alien (92×)H0567 1. Amorite (people group) (87×)H3064 1. Jew, Jewish person (81×)H3669a 1. Canaanite (ethnic designation) (70×)G1122 1. scribe / expert in the Law (63×)H2114a 1. stranger, foreigner (person) (54×)H5608b 1. scribe, royal secretary (48×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† I. עִבְרִי adj. et n. gent. Hebrew, either a. put into the mouth of foreigners (Egyptian and Philist.), or b. used to distinguish Isr. from foreigners ( = one from beyond, from the other side, i.e. prob. (in Heb. trad.) from beyond the Euphrates (cf. Jos 24:2, 3 E), but poss. in fact (if name given in Canaan) from beyond the Jordan; cf. Ges§ 2 bSta§ 1 b Köi. 18 ff. WeIsr. u. Jüd. Gesch. 7…