נְפַק H5312
To go out, come forth (Qal intransitive); to bring out, take out (Hifil causative) — Aramaic
The Aramaic verb נְפַק is the counterpart of Hebrew יָצָא, meaning 'to go out' or 'to come forth.' All twelve occurrences appear in the Aramaic portions of Daniel and Ezra. In its Qal (Pe'al) form, it describes people exiting a place — Daniel 'went out' to the king's executioner (Dan 2:14), the three men 'came forth' from the fiery furnace (Dan 3:26), and ghostly fingers 'came forth' to write on the wall (Dan 5:5). In its Hifil (Hafel) causative form, it means to bring or take something out, as when Cyrus brought out the temple vessels (Ezra 5:14; 6:5) and Belshazzar had them brought out for his feast (Dan 5:2–3).
Senses
1. go out, come forth (Qal intransitive) — The Pe'al (Qal) intransitive sense: to go out, come forth, emerge from a place. Seven occurrences describe physical movement outward. A royal decree 'went forth' (Dan 2:13), Daniel 'went out' to meet Arioch (Dan 2:14), Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego 'came forth' from the furnace unharmed (Dan 3:26), and mysterious fingers 'came forth' and wrote on the plaster wall (Dan 5:5). Spanish 'salieron' ('they went out') and English 'came forth / went out' uniformly confirm the intransitive emergence. The verb functions identically to its Hebrew cognate yatsa' but is restricted to the Aramaic chapters. 7×
AR["(خَرَجَتْ)","[خَرَجَتْ]","اخْرُجُوا","خَرَجَ","خَرَجُوا","وَ-خَارِجٌ"]·ben["(বের-হল)","[বের-হল]","এবং-বের-হচ্ছিল","বের-হয়েছিল","বের-হল","বেরিয়ে-এলেন","বেরিয়ে-এস"]·DE["ausgehen","und-ausgehen"]·EN["(qere:came-forth)","[ketiv:came-forth]","and-coming-forth","came-out","come-out","went-out"]·FR["et-sortir","sortir"]·heb["[יצאו]","ו-יוצא","יוצאים","יצא","יצאה","יצאו","צאו"]·HI["(निकली)","[निकली]","और-निकल-रही-थी","निकला-था","निकली","निकले","निकलो"]·ID["[keluar]","dan-keluar","keluar","keluarlah","muncul"]·IT["e-uscire","uscire"]·jav["(medal)","[medal]","lan-medal","medal","sami-medal"]·KO["(나왔더니)","[나왔다]","그리고-나오는","나갔다","나오라","나왔다","내려졌다"]·PT["(saíram)","[saíram]","e-saindo","saiu","saí","saíram"]·RU["(вышли)","[вышли]","выходите","вышел","вышли","и-исходящая"]·ES["(salieron)","[salieron]","había-salido","salid","salieron","salió","y-salía"]·SW["(zilitoka)","[zilitoka]","alitoka","ilitoka","na-kutoka","tokeni","wakatoka"]·TR["(çıktı)","[çıktı]","ve-çıkan","çıktı","çıktılar","çıkın"]·urd["اور-نکلتا-تھا","نکلا","نکلا-تھا","نکلو","نکلیں","نکلے"]
2. bring out, take out (Hifil causative) — The Hafel (Hifil) causative sense: to bring out, take out, cause to emerge. Five occurrences describe an agent removing objects from a location. Cyrus brought out the gold and silver vessels that Nebuchadnezzar had taken from the Jerusalem temple (Ezra 5:14, twice), and decreed their return (Ezra 6:5). Belshazzar commanded that those same vessels be brought out for his feast (Dan 5:2), and they were brought out (Dan 5:3). Spanish 'sacó' ('he took out') and 'habían sacado' ('they had taken out') clearly mark the causative action, distinguishing this from the intransitive Qal sense. 5×
AR["أَخْرَجَها","أَخْرَجَهَا","أُخْرِجَتْ"]·ben["বের-করলেন","বের-করা-হয়েছিল","বের-করেছিলেন"]·DE["[הנפק]","ausgehen"]·EN["brought-out","took-out","were-brought-out"]·FR["sortir"]·heb["הוציא","הוציאו","הנפק"]·HI["निकाला","निकाला-था","निकाले-गए-थे","निकाले-थे"]·ID["diambil","dikeluarkan","mengeluarkan"]·IT["uscire"]·jav["dipunpendhet","kang","lan-dipun-caosaken","sampun-ngentunaken"]·KO["가져온","내어왔다"]·PT["foram-tirados","tirou"]·RU["вынес","вынесли"]·ES["había-sacado","habían-sacado","sacó"]·SW["alitoa","walitoa"]·TR["cikardi","cikarmisti","çıkardı","çıkarılmıştı"]·urd["نکالے","نکالے-تھے","نکالے-گئے-تھے"]
Related Senses
H0935 1. come, arrive (Qal) (2413×)G1473 1. first person singular pronoun (2084×)H3318 1. Qal: go out, depart, come forth (891×)H7725 1. to return, come/go back (Qal) (874×)H5927 1. go up, ascend (Qal) (779×)H7971 1. to send, dispatch (Qal) (701×)G2064 1. come / arrive (physical movement toward) (588×)H5307 1. Qal: fall down physically (339×)H5375 1. Qal: to lift up, raise (330×)H5975 1. to stand, stand up (310×)H5674a 1. Qal: pass by, pass through (256×)H3381 1. Qal: to go down, descend (physical movement) (242×)G1831 1. go/come out physically (193×)H5337 1. deliver, rescue, save (Hifil) (188×)H7901 1. lie down, rest, sleep (183×)G1525 1. enter a place physically (179×)H7812 1. prostrate oneself, bow down, worship (173×)H3318 2. Hifil: bring out, lead out, take out (persons) (172×)H7725 2. to bring back, restore (Hifil) (151×)H5674a 2. Qal: cross over (134×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
נְפַק vb. go, or come, out, forth (𝔗 id., NH נָפַק, Syriac ܢܦܰܩ, so Chr-Pal. SchulthLex. 126, Old Aramaic Nab. Palm. נפק Lzb 324, cf. Arabic نَافِقَاءُ hole of field mouse; v. also Aramaic נַפְקוּתָא, ܢܦܰܩܬܳܐ outlay, Egyptian Aramaic נפקתה CookeInscr. 212, Arabic نَفَقَةٌ household outlay (Aramaic loan-word SchwallyZMG lii (1898), 133));— Pe. Pf. 3 ms. נ׳ Dn 2:14 he went out, c. inf.; 3 fs.…