H4689 H4689
Distress, anguish, straits: a state of severe hardship or constriction, often during siege or trial.
A masculine noun denoting a condition of severe constriction, distress, or anguish. Its root (ts-w-q, 'to press, constrain') evokes physical tightness translated into emotional and existential extremity. In Deuteronomy 28:53, 55, 57 it describes the horrifying conditions during a siege, where famine drives people to unthinkable acts. In 1 Samuel 22:2, every man 'in straits' gathers to David at the cave of Adullam. In Psalm 119:143 the psalmist confesses that 'trouble and anguish have found me.' The word consistently points to being hemmed in with no easy escape.
Senses
1. distress, anguish, straits — A state of severe hardship, siege-pressure, or anguish from which there is no easy escape. In the covenant curses of Deuteronomy 28:53, 55, 57 and Jeremiah 19:9, it appears paired with matsor ('siege') to describe the extremity of famine conditions. In 1 Samuel 22:2 it characterizes the desperate men who rallied to David. In Psalm 119:143 it denotes personal anguish. Spanish renders 'angustia/afliccion' and French 'detresse,' both capturing the emotional weight, while the Hebrew root ts-w-q ('to press, constrain') conveys physical constriction. 6×
AR["ضَائِقٍ", "وَ-شِدَّةٌ", "وَ-فِي-الضِّيقِ", "وَفِي-ضِيقٍ"]·ben["এবং-সঙ্কটে", "ও-ক্লেশ", "ও-সংকটে", "কষ্টে"]·DE["[ובמצוק]", "in-distress", "und-anguish", "und-in-Not"]·EN["and-anguish", "and-in-distress", "and-in-the-distress", "in-distress"]·FR["[ובמצוק]", "dans-détresse", "et-dans-distress", "et-de-détresse"]·heb["ו-ב-מצוק", "ו-מצוק", "מצוק"]·HI["और-में-संकट", "और-संकट-में", "सनकत-मेइन"]·ID["dalam-kesulitan", "dan-dalam-kesesakan", "dan-dalam-kesulitan", "dan-kesempitan"]·IT["[ובמצוק]", "[ומצוק]", "e-in-angoscia", "in-angoscia"]·jav["ingkang", "ingkang-karupekan", "lan-ing-kasusahan", "lan-kasusahan"]·KO["곤궁한", "그리고-(전)-고통-에서", "그리고-고통-이", "그리고-에-곤경에서"]·PT["angustiado", "e-em-aperto", "e-no-aperto", "e-tribulação"]·RU["в-беде", "и-в-притеснении", "и-в-утеснении", "и-теснота"]·ES["angustiado", "y-aflicción", "y-en-la-angustia"]·SW["dhiki", "na-katika-dhiki", "na-katika-shida", "na-shida"]·TR["sıkıntılı", "ve-darlıkta", "ve-dert", "ve-sıkıntıda"]·urd["اور-تنگی-میں", "اور-مصیبت", "تنگ-دست"]
Related Senses
H7965 1. peace, absence of conflict (198×)H3467 1. save, deliver, rescue (Hifil active) (156×)H5127 1. flee, run away (Qal) (144×)G1515 1. peace, well-being, harmony (93×)H8002 1. peace offering(s) (87×)G4982 1. save spiritually, grant salvation (79×)H3444 1. salvation, deliverance (67×)H4422 1. Nifal: escape, flee (63×)H1272 1. flee, run away (Qal) (58×)H6869b 1. distress, trouble (57×)G4991 1. of salvation (46×)G2347 1. tribulation, affliction, distress (45×)H0983 1. security, safety, confidence (42×)H6031b 1. Piel: afflict, oppress (42×)H6040 1. affliction, misery, suffering (36×)H3468 1. salvation, deliverance (33×)G5343 1. flee, run away (28×)H3467 2. savior, deliverer (Hifil participle substantive) (28×)H8668 1. salvation, deliverance (27×)H8252 1. be quiet, be at rest (26×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† מָצוֹק n.[m.] straitness, straits, stress;—always abs. מ׳;—כָּל־אִישׁ מ׳ 1 S 22:2 every man of straits (in straits); בְּמָצוֹר וּבְמ׳ Dt 28:53, 55, 57; Je 19:9 (all of national straits); צַר־וּמ׳ מְצָאוּנִי ψ 119:143; perhaps read מָצוֹק also 32:6, for מצא רק, cf. Du Br.