H4185 H4185
To depart, withdraw, or remove; in Hifil, to cause something to move away or to cease.
Mush describes the act of moving away or being taken from a fixed position. In the Qal stem it is intransitive -- the pillar of cloud 'did not depart' from before the people (Exod 33:11), and Joshua is told that the Torah shall not 'depart' from his mouth (Josh 1:8). In the Hifil, the verb can remain intransitive (Job 23:12, 'I have not departed from the commandment') or turn causative: God declares 'I will remove' the iniquity of the land in a single day (Zech 3:9). Spanish toggles between 'apartarse' (to withdraw) and 'quitar' (to take away), neatly tracking the stem distinction. The word carries theological weight: when something 'does not mush,' it signals permanence, covenant faithfulness, or unyielding divine presence.
Senses
1. depart, move away (Qal) — Qal intransitive: to depart, move away, or withdraw from a place, person, or standard. The emphasis is on something leaving its station, often negated to express constancy -- 'the ark did not depart' (Exod 33:11), 'it shall not depart from your mouth' (Josh 1:8). Numbers 14:44 records that the ark 'did not move' when Israel presumed to advance without God. French 'partir' and Spanish 'apartarse' capture the voluntary withdrawal. 11×
AR["(يَزولُ)", "تَبْرَحْ", "تَزُولُ", "تُنْزَعُ", "وَيَزُولُ", "يَبرَحُ", "يَبْرَحَا", "يَبْرَحُ"]·ben["এবং-সরে-যাবে", "ছেড়ে-যাবে", "সরত", "সরবে", "সরল", "সরে-যাবে", "সরে-যায়"]·DE["[(תמוש)]", "[ומש]", "[ימוש]", "[ימושו]", "[ימשו]", "[תמוש]", "bewegte", "du-soll-weggehen", "soll-weggehen", "wuerde-depart"]·EN["(departs)", "and-will-depart", "depart", "may-depart", "moved", "shall-depart", "will-depart", "will-give-way", "would-depart", "you-shall-depart"]·FR["(תמוש)", "[ומש]", "aurait-partir", "moved", "s'éloigner", "s'éloignera", "tu-devra-depart"]·heb["(תמוש)", "ו-מש", "ימוש", "ימושו", "ימיש", "משו", "תמוש"]·HI["और-हटेगा", "हट", "हट-जाएँ", "हट-जाएगी", "हटता-था", "हटे", "हटेंगे", "हटेगी", "हिले"]·ID["(akan-pergi)", "akan-beranjak", "akan-bergerak", "akan-terlepas", "beranjak", "bergerak", "dan-akan-berpindah", "terpisah"]·IT["[ומש]", "allontanarsi", "dovere-depart", "mosse", "ritirarsi", "tu-dovere-depart", "would-partire"]·jav["badhe-kesah", "badhe-nilar", "badhé-kesah", "copot", "kesah", "késah", "lan-pindhah", "ngoncati", "piyambakipun-kèsah"]·KO["(떠나지)", "그리고-물러나리라", "떠나고", "떠나리라", "떠나지", "떠나지-말라", "떠나지-않았다", "움직였다", "제거되리니"]·PT["(se-apartará)", "afastarem-se", "afastava-se", "e-mover-se-á", "moveram-se", "se-afastará", "se-afastarão", "se-apartará", "será-removida", "te-movas"]·RU["двинулись", "и-отодвинется", "отойдёт", "отступит", "отступят", "отходи", "отходил", "сдвинется", "сдвинутся"]·ES["(se-apartará)", "se-apartaba", "se-apartaran", "se-apartará", "se-apartarán", "se-moverán", "se-movieron", "será-removida", "te-muevas", "y-se-moverá"]·SW["-ondoka", "akaondoka", "hautaondoka", "hayataondoka", "kitaondoka", "na-itasogea", "ondoka", "ondoke", "yataondoka", "zitaondoka"]·TR["(ayrılmayacak)", "-me", "ayrilacak", "ayrilsa", "ayrıl", "ayrıldı", "ayrıldılar", "ayrılsalar", "cikacak", "ve-hareket-edecek"]·urd["اور-ہٹے-گا", "ٹلیں", "ہٹ-جائیں", "ہٹتا-تھا", "ہٹو", "ہٹیں-گے", "ہٹے", "ہٹے-گی"]
2. depart, cease (Hifil intransitive) — Hifil used intransitively, meaning to depart or cease, with the Hifil stem adding emphasis or formality but not introducing a separate agent. Job 23:12 declares 'I have not departed from the commandment of his lips,' and Psalm 55:11 laments that oppression does not 'cease' from the city square. Exodus 13:22 tells us the pillar of cloud did not withdraw from before the people. The nuance is intensified persistence or its negation. 7×
AR["[تزول]", "ابْتَعَدْتُ", "تَفَارِقُ", "يَبرَحُ", "يَتَحَرَّكُ", "يَزُولُ", "يَكُفُّ"]·ben["ছেড়ে-যাবে", "থামবে", "যায়", "সরত", "সরে-যায়", "সরেছি", "সে-নড়ে"]·DE["[[תמיש]]", "[אמיש]", "[ימיש]", "departed", "departs"]·EN["I-departed", "[departs]", "departed", "departs", "it-moves", "it-will-cease"]·FR["[ימיש]", "[תמיש]", "partit", "s'éloigner", "se-retirer", "אמיש"]·heb["[תמיש]", "אמיש", "ימיש"]·HI["मैं-हटा", "रुकेगा", "हटता", "हटता-है", "हटा", "हटेगी"]·ID["[akan-pergi]", "aku-mundur", "beranjak", "berhenti", "ia-bergerak"]·IT["[ימיש]", "allontanarsi", "partì", "ritirarsi"]·jav["badhé-kendèl", "badhé-kesah", "kawula-ninggal", "késah", "obah", "oncat", "sami-ngubengi"]·KO["[떠나지]", "그-의-거리-에서", "그치지", "떠나다", "떠나지-않도다", "물러나지-않았나니", "움직이며"]·PT["[se-moverá]", "cessa", "cessará", "me-afastei;", "se-afastava", "se-aparta", "se-move"]·RU["[ктив:отойдёт]", "отступает", "отступал", "отступил", "перестанет", "сдвинется"]·ES["[se-apartará]", "cesa", "cesará", "me-aparté;", "se-aparta", "se-apartaba", "se-moverá"]·SW["acha", "haendi", "hauondoki", "kuondoka", "ondoka", "sijaondoka", "ubaya"]·TR["[ayrılmaz]", "ayrıldı", "ayrılır", "ayrılıyor", "duracak", "hareket-eder", "saptım"]·urd["رُکے-گا", "میں مڑا", "وہ-ہلتا", "چھوڑتا", "ہَٹتا", "ہٹا"]
3. remove, take away (Hifil causative) — Hifil causative: to actively remove or take away something, with an explicit agent performing the action. Micah 2:3 warns that God's people will not 'remove their necks' from the coming yoke of judgment, and Zechariah 3:9 promises 'I will remove the iniquity of this land in one day.' Spanish 'quitar' and French 'oter' mark the causative force. Key passages: Micah 2:3-4, Zechariah 3:9. 3×
AR["تُزِيلُونَ", "وَأُزِيلُ", "يُزِيلُ"]·ben["এবং-সরিয়ে-দেব", "তোমরা-সরাতে-পারবে", "সে-সরিয়ে-নেয়"]·DE["[ומשתי]", "[ימיש]", "[תמישו]"]·EN["He-removes", "and-I-will-remove", "you-will-remove"]·FR["[ימיש]", "[תמישו]", "et-j'ai-ôté"]·heb["ו-מחיתי", "ימיש", "תמישו"]·HI["और-मैं-हटाउंगा", "हटाओगे", "हटाता-है"]·ID["Dia-memindahkan", "dan-Aku-akan-menghapuskan", "dapat-kamu-lepaskan"]·IT["[ומשתי]", "[ימיש]", "[תמישו]"]·jav["badhé-saged-njupuk", "lan-ngicalaken-Kawula", "piyambakipun-njupuk"]·KO["그리고-내가-제거하리라", "빼내지-못하리라", "옮기느냐"]·PT["e-removerei", "remove", "removereis"]·RU["и-удалю", "отнимает", "снимете"]·ES["quitaréis", "se-aparta", "y-quitaré"]·SW["anaondoa", "na-nitaondoa", "ondoa"]·TR["uzaklaştırır", "ve-kaldıracağım", "çıkarabilirsiniz"]·urd["اور-مٹاؤں-گا", "ہٹاؤ-گے", "ہٹاتا-ہے"]
Related Senses
H0935 1. come, arrive (Qal) (2413×)G1473 1. first person singular pronoun (2084×)H3318 1. Qal: go out, depart, come forth (891×)H7725 1. to return, come/go back (Qal) (874×)H5927 1. go up, ascend (Qal) (779×)H7971 1. to send, dispatch (Qal) (701×)G2064 1. come / arrive (physical movement toward) (588×)H5307 1. Qal: fall down physically (339×)H5375 1. Qal: to lift up, raise (330×)H5975 1. to stand, stand up (310×)H5674a 1. Qal: pass by, pass through (256×)H3381 1. Qal: to go down, descend (physical movement) (242×)G1831 1. go/come out physically (193×)H5337 1. deliver, rescue, save (Hifil) (188×)H7901 1. lie down, rest, sleep (183×)G1525 1. enter a place physically (179×)H7812 1. prostrate oneself, bow down, worship (173×)H3318 2. Hifil: bring out, lead out, take out (persons) (172×)H7725 2. to bring back, restore (Hifil) (151×)H5674a 2. Qal: cross over (134×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† I. [מוּשׁ], מִישׁ Bö ii. 512 f.; but Thes Köi. 511 think purely ע׳׳ו] vb. depart, remove (Arabic مَاسَ (י) is walk with elegant, proud, self-conceited gait);—Qal Pf. וּמָשׁ consec. Zc 14:4; וּמַשְׁתִּ֫י Zc 3:9; מָ֫שׁוּ Nu 14:44; Impf. יָמוּשׁ Jos 1:8 Is 54:10, etc.;—depart, mostly of inanimate things (= be removed) sq. מִן Jos 1:8 Is 59:21 Je 31:36; without prep. Pr 17:13 Qr, Is 22:25;…