Withdrawal and Apostasy

סוּר and (Ho 9:12) [שׂוּר]300 vb. turn aside (NH Hiph. cause to turn aside, or apostatize; TelAm. sûru, n. rebel WklGloss.);— Qal161 Pf. 3 ms. סָר Ex 3:4 +; 3 fs. סָ֫רָה 1 S 16:14 +; 1 s. סָ֑רְתִּי ψ 119:102; 3 pl. סָרוּ Dt 9:12 +; 2 mpl. סַרְתֶּם v 16 +, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יָסוּר Gn 49:10 +, וַיָּ֫סַר Ju 4:18 +; 3 fs. תָּסוּר 1 S 6:3 +; 1 s. cohort. אָסֻ֫רָה Ex 3:3; 3 mpl. יָסֻ֫רוּ Ex 25:15 +, etc.; Imv. ms. סוּר 2 S 2:22 +, etc.; Inf. abs. סוֹר Dn 9:5, סֹר v 11; cstr. סוּר Is 7:17 +; sf. שׂוּרִי Ho 9:12 (Ges§ 6 k Now); Pt. סָר Jb 1:1 +; f. cstr. סָרַת Pr 11:22; mpl. cstr. סָרֵי Je 6:28 (or from סרר, or שָׂר); pass. f. סוּרָה Is 49:21, c. intrans. meaning (Ges§ 50 f Köii. 1, 137), pl. sf. סוּרַי Je 17:13 Qr; and cstr. סוּרֵי 2:21;— 1. turn aside, out of one’s course 1 S 6:12 Dt 2:27, from following, מֵאַחֲרֵי pers. 2 S 2:21, 22, abs. v 23, from attacking, מֵעַל 2 Ch 20:10; turn in unto (for shelter, refuge, etc.), c. אֶל־, Gn 19:2, 3 (J) Ju 4:18(×3); 19:11, 12 2 K 4:11, c. לְ Ju 20:8, c. שָׁם 18:3; 19:15, שָׁ֫מָה 18:15 2 K 4:8 (+ inf.), v 10; c. הֵ֫נָּה Pr 9:4, 16 (in fig.); for purpose implied Ex 3:3 (J) Ru 4:1(×2), or expr. by inf. Ex 3:4 (J) Ju 14:8 Je 15:5 (in fig.); especially fig. turn aside from right path, from י׳, his commands, etc., usually c. מִן Ex 32:8 (J) Ju 2:17 Dt 9:12 + 7 times D, Pr 13:14 + 5 times Pr, + 10 times elsewhere, + 2 Ch 8:15 (ins. מִן); c. מֵאַחֲרֵי 1 S 12:20 + 4 times; c. מֵעַל Je 32:40 Ez 6:9; מִן + יָמִין etc. Dt 5:29; 17:11 2 K 22:2 = 2 Ch 34:2; abs. (sometimes = revolt) ψ 14:3 Je 5:23 Dt 11:16; 17:17 (subj. לֵבָב), וְסוּרַי Je 17:13 Qr (> יסורי Kt) read prob. וְסוּרֶיךָ those revolting from thee (Ew Gie); סוּרֵי הַגֶּפֶן נָכְרִיָּה Je 2:21 degenerate (shoots) of the foreign vine (fig.); סָרַת טַעַם Pr 11:22 a woman turning aside as to discretion, shewing lack of it; also from wrong path, sins (of Jerob.), etc., c. מִן 2 K 3:3; 14:24 + 7 times 2 K; c. מֵעַל 2 K 10:31; 15:18; c. מֵאַחֲרֵי 2 K 10:29; †סָר מֵרָע (pt.) Jb 1:1, 8; 2:3 also Is 59:15; סוּר מֵרָע (inf. and imv.) Jb 28:28 Pr 3:7; 13:19; 16:6, 17 ψ 34:15; 37:27. 2. depart, usually c. מִן, of frogs Ex 8:7, flies v 25 (both J), sword 2 S 12:10; sceptre from Judah Gn 49:10 (poem in J): י׳’s hand 1 S 6:3, his kindness 2 S 7:15 (MT, but read אָסִיר 𝔊 𝔖 𝔙 ‖ 1 Ch 17:13 Th We Dr Klo Bu Kit HPS), his wrath Ez 16:42 (but del. Co Siegf Toy), depart from way = get out of the way, cease to obstruct Is 30:11, etc.; c. מִתּוֹךְ 1 S 15:6(×2); c. מֵעַל Is 7:17 Ju 16:19 Nu 12:10, etc.; of י׳ departing, מִן pers., Ho 9:12, מֵעַל Ju 16:20 1 S 28:16, מֵעִם 1 S 18:12; God, c. מִן Jb 21:14; 22:17, c. מֵעַל 1 S 28:15; רוּחַ י׳, c. מֵעִם 1 S 16:14; evil spirit, c. מֵעַל v 23; abs. depart [from Babyl.] Is 52:11(×2); = avoid contact La 4:15(×3); of wicked Jb 15:30 he shall not depart out of (מִנִּי) darkness, i.e. shall not avoid it, escape it; pt. pass. made to depart, thrust away, of Isr. under fig. of wife Is 49:21 (> act., according to BaNB § 124 c.). 3. of lifeless things = be removed, oppressor’s yoke, c. מֵעַל Is 14:25 cf. v 25 10:27; staves from (מִן) ark Ex 25:15; abs. iniquity Is 6:7; especially of בָּמוֹת 1 K 15:14; 22:44 2 K 12:4; 14:4; 15:4, 35 2 Ch 15:17; 20:33. 4. = come to an end, Am 6:7 Is 11:13.—For סָר אֶל־ 1 S 22:14 read שַׂר עַל־ 𝔊 Th Dr Klo Bu Kit Löhr HPS; in 15:32 Th HPS del. סָר (after 𝔊 𝔙 𝔖) as dittogr.; סָר סָבְאָם Ho 4:18 v. סֹבֶא; Ho 7:14 read יָסוֹ֫רוּ for יָס֫וּרוּ (√ סרר q.v.); Je 6:28, it is uncertain whether (סוֹרְרִים) סָרֵי belongs here, revolters among the rebellious, or sub סרר, or even = שָׂרֵי princes, chiefs (cf. 1 S 22:14). †Poʿlel Pf. 3 ms. דְּרָכַי סוֹרֵר La 3:11 he turned aside my ways (my steps). Hiph.133 Pf. 3 ms. הֵסִיר 2 K 18:4 +; 2 ms. וַהֲסִרֹ֫תָ consec. (Dr§ 110 (5) Obs.) 1 K 2:31; 1 s. הֲסִירֹ֫תִי 2 K 23:27 +, וַהֲסִרֹתִ֫י 1 S 17:46 +; 3 pl. הֵסִ֫ירוּ 2 Ch 30:14, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יָסִיר Is 3:18 +, juss. יָסֵר Ex 8:4 +, וַיָּ֫סַר Gn 8:13 +; sf. וַיְסִרֵהוּ 1 S 18:13, וַיְסִרֶהָ 1 K 15:13, יְסִירֶנָּה Lv 3:4 +; 3 mpl. יָסִ֫ירוּ Is 5:23 +, etc.; Imv. ms. הָסֵר 1 K 20:24 +, הָסִיר Ez 21:31 (read הָסֵיר, הָסֵר); fs. הָסִ֫ירִי 1 S 1:14, etc.; Inf. abs. הָסֵר Gn 30:32 +; cstr. הָסִיר 2 K 6:32 +, etc.; Pt. מֵסִיר Is 3:1 + 3 times;— 1. cause to (turn aside,) depart, common word for remove, take away: c. מִן, Ex 8:4, 27; 33:23 (all J), 23:25 (E) Dt 7:15 1 S 28:3 Jos 7:13 (J) Ju 10:16 Is 3:1 ψ 18:23 (+ ‖ 2 S 22:23, read אָסִיר מִמֶּנִּי De Hup-Now HPS); shoulder from burden ψ 81:7; מֵסִיר אָזְנוֹ מִשְּׁמֹעַ Pr 28:9; + often, + Jb 33:17 (ins. מִן 𝔊 Ew Di De Hi Bu al.); c. מֵעַל, take off ring Gn 41:42 (E) Est 3:10, also 8:2 (abs.); garments Gn 38:14, 19 (J) Dt 21:13 Zc 3:4 1 S 17:39 (armour), also Ex 34:34 (P; abs.) and Ez 26:16 (Co ins. מֵעַל); take off head, מֵעַל 1 S 17:46, abs. 2 S 4:7; 16:9 2 K 6:32; c. מֵעַל also often fig. (from upon = from resting on, or burdening), plagues Ex 8:4; 10:17 (J), cf. Nu 21:7 (E), also 1 S 1:14 Am 5:23 1 K 2:31; reproach 1 S 17:26 Is 25:8; c. מֵעִם = from one’s presence 1 S 18:13, also of י׳ removing his kindness 1 Ch 16:13 + ‖ 2 S 7:15 (v. Qal 2); c. מֵעַל פָּנָיו, of י׳ removing Isr. 2 K 17:18, 23; 23:27; 24:3 Je 32:31; abs. 2 K 23:27; often abs., Gn 8:13 Noah removed the covering; remove = depose c. מִן 1 K 15:13 = 2 Ch 15:16 (v. מִן 7 b (b)), abs. 2 Ch 36:3, cf. Ju 9:29 Jb 34:20; remove בָּמוֹת, etc., 2 K 18:4, v 22 = Is 36:7 = 2 Ch 32:12, 2 K 23:19 2 Ch 30:14; 14:2, cf. 14:4; 17:5 (both c. מִן); = put away strange gods, etc., Gn 35:2 Jos 24:14, 23 (all E), 1 S 7:4, c. מִתּוֹךְ v 3 Is 58:9; once c. לְ, מֵסִיר שָׂפָה לְנֶאֱמָנִים Jb 12:20. 2. rarer uses are: put aside = leave undone Jos 11:15 (D); retract words Is 31:2 (of י׳); reject prayer ψ 66:20; abolish sacrifice Dn 11:31; turn one away מֵאַחֲרֵי, i.e. from following Dt 7:4; c. אֶל־ pers., remove the ark unto 2 S 6:10 = 1 Ch 13:13. †Hoph. Pf. 3 ms. הוּסַר Lv 4:31 Dn 12:11; Impf. 3 ms. יוּסַר Lv 4:35; Pt. מוּסָר Is 17:1; pl. מוּסָרִים 1 S 21:7 (but final ם prob. dittogr. before מ We Dr Klo Kit HPS);—be taken away, removed: c. מִן Lv 4:35, מֵעַל v 31, מִלִּפְנֵי י׳ 1 S 21:7; מוּסָר מֵעִיר Is 17:1 Damascus is removed from being a city; abs. be abolished Dn 12:11 (cf. 11:31 Hiph.).

I. נָסַע vb. pull out or up, set out, journey (NH id., move, march; Assyrian nisû, set out, withdraw, etc. DlHWB 470; NöZMG xl (1886), 723 cp. also Arabic نَزَعَ, Ethiopic ነዝዐ: [rare] pull up, away, so BaES 51);— Qal137 Pf. 3 ms. נ׳ Gn 33:17 +, 3 mpl. נָֽסְעוּ Dt 10:6, נָסָ֑עוּ Nu 2:34 +, etc.; Impf. יִסַּע Is 33:20, וַיִּסַּע Gn 12:9 +, sf. וַיִּסָּעֵם Ju 16:3; 3 mpl. יִסְעוּ Ex 40:36 +, יִסָּ֑עוּ Nu 2:9 +; 2 mpl. תִּסְעוּ Jos 3:3; 1 pl. נִסְעָה cohort. Gn 33:12, וַנִּסַּע Dt 1:19; 2:1, וַנִּסְעָה Ezr 8:31, etc.; Imv. סְעוּ Dt 2:24 +; Inf. abs. נָסוֹעַ Gn 12:9; cstr. נְסֹעַ Jos 3:14 +; sf. נָסְעָם Gn 11:2 Nu 10:34; Pt. נֹסֵעַ Ex 14:10; Nu 10:33; pl. נֹסְעִים Nu 10:29;— 1. pull out or up, city-gate and gate-posts Ju 16:3; loom v 14 (on text cf. GFM), tent-pegs Is 33:20 (fig. of Jerusalem; cf. also Niph.) 2. hence (from pulling up tent-pegs), a. set out Gn 35:5; Nu 12:15 (both E), Je 4:7 (‖ יָצָא מִמְּקוֹמוֹ); even of lifeless things, e.g. the ark, הָאָרוֹן Nu 10:35 (JE); often in P: Ex 14:15; 40:37; Nu 1:51; 4:5, 15; 9:17 + 8 times Nu 9, 10:5, 6, 17, 18, 21, 22, 25, so prob. also 2:8 + 6 times Nu 2 (v. infr.; even of lifeless things, דֶּגֶל 10:18, 22, מִשְׁכָּן 1:51, אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד 2:17), 33:3; וַיִּסַּע … וַיָּבֹא Gn 46:1 (E) and Isr. set out, and came, etc., Ex 16:1; 19:2; Nu 20:22; Jos 9:17 (all P), Dt 1:7, נִסְעָה וְנֵלֵ֑כָה 33:12 (J); (… וַיַּעֲלוּ) וַיִּסְעוּ Ju 18:11, סְעוּ וְעִבְרוּ Dt 2:24; נ׳ often c. מִן Gn 35:16 (E), Nu 10:34 (JE), נ׳ מֵאָהֳלֵיהֶם לַעֲבֹר Jos 3:14 (JE), set out from their tents, to cross, etc., cf. נ׳ מִן … לָלֶכֶת Ezr 8:31; c. מִן + ויבא, Jos 3:1 (JE), Nu 33:9 (P), + וַיֵּלֶךְ v 3 (D), Dt 1:19, + וַיַּעַבְרוּ Nu 33:8 (P); + וַיָּשָׁב + וַיַּחֲנוּ Nu 33:7 (P). b. depart, c. מִן Gn 37:17 (J), 2 K 3:27; 19:8, 36 = Is 37:8, 37; even of עַמּוּד הֶעָנָן Ex 14:19 (J); of angel v 19 (E; + וַיֵּלֶךְ). 3. journey, march (by stages) Gn 12:9; 35:21 both J), Nu 10:13, 14, 28 (P), (poss. also Nu 2:9 etc., cf. 2 supr.); + לְמַסְעֵיהֶם according to their stations, i.e. by stages Ex 17:1; Nu 10:12 (+ מִן), cf. Ex 40:36 (all P); sq. ה loc. Gn 12:9; 33:17 (both J), Dt 1:40; 2:1; סְעוּ לָכֶם הַמִּדְבָּר Nu 14:25 (JE); sq. מִקֶּדֶם eastward (v. מִן 1. c) Gn 11:2; 13:11 (both J), אַחֲרֵי Ex 14:10 (J), אֶל־ Nu 10:29, לִפְנֵי v 33 (of ark; all J); sq. מִן + ה loc. Gn 20:1 (E), Dt 10:6, 7; Ex 12:37 (P), + acc. loc. Nu 11:35 (JE); sq. מִן + acc. of distance, דֶּרֶךְ 10:33 (JE), 21:4 (P); especially וַיִּסְעוּ מִן … וַיַּחֲנוּ Nu 21:12, 13 (JE), Ex 13:20; Nu 21:11; 33:5 + 37 times Nu 33 (all P); of shepherds Je 31:24.—נָֽסְעוּ כְמוֹ צֹאן Zc 10:2 is dub.; We נָעוּ or יָנֻעוּ, so Now. 4. of wind, נ׳ רוּחַ מֵאֵת י׳ Nu 11:31 there set forth (sprang up) a wind from י׳. †Niph. Pf. be pulled up, removed: 3 ms. דּוֹרִי נִסַּע וְנִגְלָה מִנִּי כְּאֹהֶל רֹעִי Is 38:12; of wealth הֲלֹא נִסַּע Jb 4:21 (reading יְתֵדָם for יִתְרָם, v. ii. יֶתֶר). †Hiph. Impf. 3 ms. יַסַּע ψ 78:26, וַיַּסַּע Ex 15:22 + 2 times; 2 ms. תַּסִּיעַ ψ 80:9, 3 fs. תַּסִּיעִי 2 K 4:4; 3 mpl. וַיַּסִּ֫עוּ 1 K 5:31; Pt. מַסִּיעַ Ec 10:9;— 1. cause to set out, lead out, c. acc. pers. Ex 15:22 (J; + מִן, וַיֵּצְאוּ), ψ 78:52 (כַּצֹּאן; ‖ וַיְנַהֲגֵם), 80:9 (מִן; fig. of vine); fig. of a wind, cause to spring up, יַסַּע קָדִים ψ 78:26 (‖ וַיְנַהֵג; cf. Qal 4). 2. remove, c. acc. rei 2 K 4:4; וַיַּסַּע כָּעֵץ תִּקְוָתִי Jb 19:10; specif., remove from quarry, quarry: 1 K 5:31 and they quarried great stones, cf. Ec 10:9.

† I. [בָּעַר] vb. burn, consume (𝔗 בְּעַר burn; ܒܥܰܪ seek out, collect, glean; this apparently earlier meaning)— Qal Pf. 3 fs. בָּֽעֲרָה Nu 11:3 + 2 times, וּבָֽעֲרָה consec. Is 10:17 + 3 times, בָּֽעֲרוּ Ju 15:14 + 2 times + 2 S 22:13 (but cf. De on ψ 18), וּבָֽעֲרוּ consec. Is 1:31; Impf. יִבְעַר Ex 3:3 ψ 2:12, etc.; Pt. בֹּעֵר Ex 3:2 + 6 times, בֹּעֵרָ֑ה Is 34:9, בּוֹעֵרָה Ho 7:4, בֹּעֲרָ֫ה Is 30:33, בֹּעֶ֫רֶת Je 20:9, בֹּעֲרוֹת Ez 1:13;—burn, 1. (intr.) specif. begin to burn, be kindled ψ 18:9 sq. מִן (subj. גֶּחָלִים) = 2 S 22:9 (in v 13 textual error cf. supr.), ψ 106:18 (subj. אֵשׁ); fig. ψ 2:12 (subj. אַפּוֹ); cf. Je 44:6 (subj. חֵמָה); Is 30:33 (c. בְּ, subj. נִשְׁמַת י׳), ψ 39:4 (subj. אֵשׁ fig. of grief, distress) cf. Je 20:9. 2. be burning, burn, Ju 15:14 (subj. פִּשְׁתִּים, c. בָּאֵשׁ), Ex 3:2 (הסנה, c. בָּאֵשׁ), v 3 (subj. id.); Dt 4:11; 5:25; 9:15 (all subj. הר, c. בָּאֵשׁ), cf. Is 34:9 (זֶפֶת בערה), fig. of destruction Is 1:31 (subj. חָסֹן & פֹּעֲלוֹ); of torch לַפִּיד Is 62:1; of oven תַּנּוּר Ho 7:4, 6 (i.e. heated by fire within it). 3. trans. burn, consume (subj. אשׁ, להבה etc., sq. בְּ) Nu 11:1, 3 (אשׁ י׳). Jb 1:16 (אשׁ אלהים); in simile Ez 1:13 (גחלי אשׁ י׳), ψ 83:15 (only here trans. c.acc.; should תבער be pointed as Pi.?); fig. (subj. wrath of י׳) Is 42:25 cf. La 2:3 (subj. fire = fiery trial) Is 43:2. 4. act. but abs., fig. subj. wrath of י׳ Je 4:4; 7:20; 21:12 ψ 89:47 cf. Is 10:17 ψ 79:5 Is 30:27 (שֵׁם י׳ … בֹּעֵר אַפּוֹ) Mal 3:19 (היום בא); of human anger Est 1:12; subj. wickedness Is 9:17. Pi. Pf. בִּעֵר 1 K 22:47 2 K 23:24, וּבִעֵר consec. Lv 6:5, בִּעַ֫רְתָּ 2 Ch 19:3, וּבִעַרְתָּ֫ Dt 13:6 + 9 times in Dt; וּבִעֲרוּ cons. Ez 39:9(×2) (9a del. Co after Vrss), etc.; Impf. יְבַעֵר 1 K 14:10; 2 ms. תְּבַעֵר Dt 21:9, יְבַעֲרוּ Ez 39:10; 2 mpl. תְּבַעֲרוּ Ex 35:3, וּנְבַעֲרָה Ju 20:13 Inf. בָּעֵר Is 40:16; Pt. מְבַעֲרִים Je 7:18;— 1. kindle, lit. c. acc. אשׁ Ex 35:3 Je 7:18 cf. Ez 39:9 (v. supr.) v 10; fig. of י׳ sending destruction Ez 21:4 cf. of human schemes Is 50:11; light, obj. lamps in temple 2 Ch 4:20 cf. 13:11. 2. burn, lit. c. acc. עֵצִים Lv 6:5, גָּלָל dung 1 K 14:10; abs. Is 44:15 cf. 40:16 Ne 10:35. 3. fig. consume, utterly remove, partic. of evil and guilt, c. acc., especially in Deuteronomic phrase (מישׂראל) ובערת הרע מקרבך Dt 13:6; 17:7, 12; 19:13, 19; 21:21 cf. v 9 22:21, 22, 24; 24:7, v. also Ju 20:13; further, 1 K 22:47 2 K 23:24 2 Ch 19:3; also of devoted (tabooed) things Dt 26:13, 14; of persons (exterminate) 2 S 4:11; sq. אחרי pregn. 1 K 14:10; 16:3; 21:21; = devour, devastate, greedily enjoy the fruits of, Is 3:14; abs. היה לְבָעֵר be for destruction, be destroyed Nu 24:22 Is 5:5; 6:13; cf. רוּחַ בָּעֵר Is 4:4. Pu. Pt. מְבֹעָ֑רֶת Je 36:22;—burn (i.e. be supplied with fire), of fire-jar, הָאָח. Hiph. Pf. וְהִבְעַרְתִּ֫י Na 2:14; Impf. וַיַּבְעֵר Ju 15:5 2 Ch 28:3, וַיַּבְעֶר־ Ju 15:5; תַּבְעִיר Ez 5:2; Pt. מַבְעִיר 1 K 16:3, מַבְעִר Ex 22:5;— 1. kindle (c. acc. cogn.) Ex 22:5, cf. Ju 15:5 ויב׳ אשׁ בלפידים caused fire to burn among the brands. 2. burn up, c. acc. Ju 15:5 2 Ch 28:3 (sacrifice of children) בָּאֵשׁ) Ez 5:2 (בָּאוּר but cf. Co) Na 2:14 (בעשׁן). 3. consume = destroy (cf. Pi.) 1 K 16:3 (sq. אַחֲרֵי).

† [סָקַל] vb. stone, put to death by stoning, also (Pi.) free from stones (appears like denom., but noun unknown; NH סְקִילָא execution by stoning);— Qal Pf. 2 ms. sf. וּסְקַלְתּוֹ consec. Dt 13:11; 3 mpl. sf. וּסְקָלֻנִי consec. Ex 17:4; 2 mpl. וּסְקַלְתֶּם consec. Dt 22:24, etc.; Impf. 3 mpl. יִסְקְלוּ Jos 7:25, sf. יִסְקְלֻהוּ 1 K 21:13, etc.; Imv. mpl. sf. סִקְלֻהוּ 1 K 21:10; Inf. abs. סָקוֹל Ex 19:13; 21:28; cstr. sf. סָקְלוֹ 1 S 30:6;—pelt with stones, stone to death, (as penalty) c. acc. pers. vel animal., Ex 8:22; 17:4 (both JE) 1 S 30:6; 1 K 21:10, abs. Ex 19:13; 21:28 (JE); c. acc. pers. + בְּ instr. בָּאֲבָנִים Dt 13:11; 17:5; 22:21, 24; Jos 7:25; 1 K 21:13. Niph. Impf. 3 ms. יִסָּקֵל be stoned to death Ex 19:13; 21:28, 29, 32 (JE). Pi. Impf. 3 ms. יְסַקֵּל 2 S 16:6, 13, sf. יְסַקְּלֵהוּ Is 5:2; Imv. mpl. סַקְּלוּ Is 62:10;— 1. stone, pelt with stones, c. acc. pers. + בָּאֲבָנִים 2 S 16:6, acc. om. v 13 (‖ עִפַּר בֶּעָפָר). 2. free vineyard (acc.) from stones (Ges§ 52 h) Is 5:2; so also 2 S 4:6, reading pt. f. מְסַקְּלָה חִטִּים lo, the portress was cleansing wheat from stones (for MT לֹקְחֵי ח׳), so We Dr Bu Kit Löhr HPS after 𝔊; (> reading however mostly סֹלְקָה, Qal Pt.); סַקְּלוּ מֵאֶבֶן Is 62:10 free (highway) from stones. Pu. Pf. סֻקַּל be stoned to death 1 K 21:14, 15.—Not in HP; these and other writings (except above) use syn. רגם, cf. BrHex. 73

† I. [מוּשׁ], מִישׁ Bö ii. 512 f.; but Thes Köi. 511 think purely ע׳׳ו] vb. depart, remove (Arabic مَاسَ (י) is walk with elegant, proud, self-conceited gait);—Qal Pf. וּמָשׁ consec. Zc 14:4; וּמַשְׁתִּ֫י Zc 3:9; מָ֫שׁוּ Nu 14:44; Impf. יָמוּשׁ Jos 1:8 Is 54:10, etc.;—depart, mostly of inanimate things (= be removed) sq. מִן Jos 1:8 Is 59:21 Je 31:36; without prep. Pr 17:13 Qr, Is 22:25; 54:10(×2) (‖ מוֹט); sq. ה loc. Zc 14:4; sq. מִן pers. Ju 6:18; of both Nu 14:44; trans. remove, sq. acc. Zc 3:9. Hiph. Impf. יָמִישׁ Ex 13:22 + 6 times, etc.; remove, take away, sq. מִן Mi 2:3; sq. לְ v 4 (but 𝔊 Sta ZAW vi. 1886, 122 f. אֵין מֵשִׁיב for אֵיךְ יָמִישׁ); depart, sq. מִן pers. Ex 33:11; fig. recede Jb 23:12; of idol, leave its place, Is 46:7; of other inanimate things, sq. מִן Ex 13:22; fig. ψ 55:12 Pr 17:13 Kt (Qr יָמוּשׁ); without prep., abs., Na 3:1 subj. טֶרֶף; of righteous under fig. of tree, לֹא יָמִישׁ מֵעֲשׂוֹת פֶּ֑רִי Je 17:8, i.e. shall not cease.

† II. [גָּלַל] vb. roll, roll away (NH id., & deriv.; Aramaic Pa. גַּלֵּל, Palp. גַּלְגֵּיל roll, Ithpalp. reflex., & deriv.; cf. ܓܰܠ Ethiopic, Ethpalp. (v. PS). ܓܺܓܰܠ rota, ܓܰܠܠܴܐ fluctus, etc.)— Qal Pf. 1 s. גַּלּוֹתִי Jos 5:9, וְגָֽלֲלוּ consec. Gn 29:3, 8; Imv. גֹּל ψ 22:9 (MT De; but 𝔊 Bi Che read גַּל 3 ms. pf., so AV RVm) Pr 16:3, גּוֹל ψ 37:5, גַּל 119:22 (but read גֹּל Ew Hi Ri Gr Che), גֹּלּוּ Jos 10:18 1 S 14:33; Pt. גֹּלֵל Pr 26:27;—roll a stone Pr 26:27; roll away stone from upon (מֵעַל) the mouth of a well Gn 29:3, 8; roll stones unto (אֶל) the mouth of a cave Jos 10:18; stone unto (אֶל) Saul, at which to slay beasts 1 S 14:33; fig. reproach from upon (מֵעַל) the people Jos 5:9 (subj. י׳), cf. ψ 119:22 (sq. מֵעַל); but also גּוֹל עַל־י׳ דַּרְכֶּ֑ךָ ψ 37:5, cf. 22:9 Pr 16:3 (both sq. אֶל־). Niph. Pf. וְנָגֹלּוּ consec. Is 34:4; Impf. וְיִגַּל (juss.) Am 5:24;—roll, roll up or along (intrans.). וְנָגֹלּוּ כַסֵּפֶר הַשָּׁמַיִם Is 34:4 and the heavens shall roll up like a book; יִגַּל כַּמַּיִם מִשְׁפָּט Am 5:24 let judgment roll along (flow down) as the waters. Pilp. Pf. וְגִלְגַּלְתִּיךָ consec. Je 51:25 and I will roll thee down from (מִן) the rocks (subj. י׳; obj. Babylon under fig. of mt.) Pōʿal. Pt. שִׂמְלָה מְגוֹלָלָה בְדָמִים Is 9:4 garment rolled (dabbled, rolled over and over) in blood. Hithpo. Inf. לְהִתְגֹּלֵל Gn 43:18; Pt. מִתְגֹּלֵל 2 S 20:12; roll oneself over and over, וַעֲמָשָׂא מִתְג׳ בַּדָּם 2 S 20:12 now Amasa was wallowing in his blood; fig. Gn 43:18 לְהִתְג׳ עָלֵינוּ to roll himself upon us, i.e. assail us with overwhelming force (‖ וּלְהִתְנַפֵּל עָלֵינוּ). Hithpalp. Pf. הִתְגַּלְגָּ֑לוּ Jb 30:14 (abs.; ‖ כְּפֶרֶץ רָחָב יֶאֱתָ֑יוּ) cf. Hithpo. Gn 43:18. Hiph. Impf. וַיָּ֫גֶל Gn 29:10;—roll away stone from upon (מֵעַל) mouth of well; as Qal (which it really is, Impf. in i, according to BaZMG 1888, 178).

ἀφίστημι: causal in present and imperfect, in future ἀποστήσω, and aorist I ἀπέστησα, as also in aorist I middle (see. below):—put away, remove, keep out of the way, τὸ ἀσθενέστατον τοῦ στρατεύματοςRefs 5th c.BC+; of diseases, Refs 5th c.BC+hinder from.., Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀ. τὰς τῶν πολεμίων ἐπιβουλάς frustrate them, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀ. τὸν ἄρχοντα depose him, Refs 5th c.BC+ —aorist middle, Ἀργείων δόρυ πυλῶν ἀπεστήσασθε remoued it from your own gates, Refs 5th c.BC+, having retired. __2 cause to revolt, of allies, Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 in geometrical constructions, cut off, Refs 5th c.AD+ __II weigh out, Refs 5th c.BC+; pay, δραχμὰς ή ἀργυρίουRefs 2nd c.BC+aorist I middle, μὴ.. ἀποστήσωνται Ἀχαιοὶ χρεῖος lest they weigh out (i. e. pay in full) the debt, Refs 8th c.BC+ —in strict sense of middle, ἀποστήσασθαι τὸν χαλκόν to have the brass weighed out to one, Refs 8th c.BC+ __III middle, give a final decision (or break up, dismiss the assembly), ῥήτρα cited in Refs 1st c.AD+ __B intransitive, in passive, as also in aorist 2 ἀπέστην, imperative ἀπόστηθιRefs 5th c.BC+perfect ἀφέστηκα in present sense, syncopated. in plural ἀφέστᾰμεν, -στᾰτε, -στᾶσι, as in infinitive ἀφεστάναι, participle ἀφεστώς, -ῶσα, -ός or -ώς: pluperfect ἀφεστήκειν, Attic dialect -κηRefs 5th c.BC+: future middle ἀποστήσομαιRefs 5th c.BC+aorist I middle is causal (see. above)): for future ἀφεστήξω see entry .:—stand away or aloof from, keep far from, ὅσσον δὲ τροχοῦ ἵππος ἀφίσταταιRefs 8th c.BC+; ὡς γραφεὺς (or βραβεὺς) ἀποσταθείςRefs 5th c.BC+ lose one's wits, Refs 5th c.BC+; οὐδενὸς ἀποστήσονται ὅσα ἂν δίκαια λέγητε depart from, object to right proposals, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀ. ἀρχῆς to be deposed from office, Refs 5th c.BC+; simply, resign, Refs 3rd c.BC+; ἀ. τῶν πραγμάτων, τῆς πολιτείας, etc., withdraw from business, politics, have done with it, Refs 4th c.BC+; ἔργων ἢ πόνων ἢ κινδύνων shun them, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὧν εἷλεν ἀποστάς giving up all claim to what he had won (at law), Refs 4th c.BC+; τὴν πολιτείαν.. τὴν ἀφεστηκυῖαν τοῦ μέσου πλεῖον further removed from.., Refs 4th c.BC+; ἀ. ἐκ Σικελίας withdraw from the island, give up the expedition, Refs 5th c.BC+; retire, ἐς ἸθώμηνRefs: rarely c.accusative, avoid, shrink from, τὸν ἥλιονRefs 5th c.BC+ __B.2 in Prose, ἀ. ἀπό τινος revolt from.., Refs 5th c.BC+: absolutely, revolt, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὑπό τινος at his instigation, Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.3 ἀ. τινί make way for another, give way to him, Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.4 with genitive, shrink from, τῶν κινδύνωνRefs 5th c.BC+: also with infinitive, shrink from doing, ἀπέστην τοῦτ᾽ ἐρωτῆσαι σαφῶςRefs 5th c.BC+ __B.5 absolutely, stand aloof, recoil from fear, horror, etc., τίπτε καταπτώσσοντες ἀφέστατ;Refs 8th c.BC+; desist, μὴ νῦν -ώμεθαRefs 5th c.BC+a runaway, Refs 5th c.BC+ __B.6 in Medicine texts, ἀφίσταται, ={ἀπόστασις γίγνεται, εἰς ἄρθρα} Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀ. ὀστέον exfoliates, Refs; also ἀ. ἀπὸ τῶν ὀστῶνRefs 5th c.BC+; also, project, stand out, ὦτα ἀφεστηκόταRefs 1st c.BC+ __B.6.b to be separated by the formation of an abscess, Refs 2nd c.AD+ (also in active, τὸ πύον ἀφίστησι 7.715).

I. [סוּג, seldom שׂוּג] vb. move away, backslide (שׂ׳ erron.; Arabic ((سوج), سَاجَ), go and come Lane 1459, سَوْجَانٌ abitus et adventus Frey (Kam.));— Qal Pf. 3 ms. סָג ψ 53:4; Impf. 1 pl. נָסוֹג ψ 80:19; Pt. act. cstr. סוּג Pr 14:14 (BaNB § 124 c Ges§ § 50 f, 72 p);—backslide, prove recreant to י׳, c. מִן ψ 80:19; so abs. 53:4; סוּג לֵב Pr 14:14 a backslider in heart. Niph. Pf. 3 ms. נָסוֹג ψ 44:19, נָשׂוֹג 2 S 1:22 (שׂ for ס); 1 s. נְסוּגֹתִי Is 50:5; 3 pl. נָסֹ֫גוּ Is 42:17 Je 38:22; Impf. 3 ms. יִסַּג Mi 2:6 (Ges§ 72 dd, but v. infr.); 3 mpl. יִסֹּ֫גוּ ψ 35:4 + 3 times, וַיִּסֹּ֫גוּ ψ 78:57; Inf. abs. נָסוֹג Is 59:13; Pt. pl. נְסוֹגִים Zp 1:6 Je 46:5;— 1. refl. turn oneself away, turn back: a. lit. of Jonathan’s bow 2 S 1:22, c. מִן (v HPS). b. fig. = prove faithless (as Qal): (1) of human friends, נס׳ אָחוֹר Je 38:22 (abs.); usually (2) נס׳ מֵאַחֲרֵי י׳ Zp 1:6 cf. Is 59:13; so abs. ψ 78:57 (+ בָּגַד), c. אָחוֹר Is 50:5 (‖ מָרִיתִי), ψ 44:19 (‖ נָטָה מִן).—לֹא יִסַּג כְּלִמּוֹת Mi 2:6 could mean reproaches do not depart, i.e. cease (Hi-St Che GASm Now RV); Now proposes also (emending foll. v.) shall not disgrace depart from Jacob’s house? BuhlLex 13 conj., plausibly, יַשִּׂיג (√ נשׂג) disgrace shall not overtake us. 2. be turned or driven back, be repulsed, of י׳’s foes: + אָחוֹר Je 46:5; Is 42:17 ψ 35:4; 40:15 = 70:3, 129:5. Hiph. 1. usually of displacing, moving back a boundary mark (גְּבוּל), Impf. 2 ms. תַּסִּיג Dt 19:14, juss. תַּסֵּג Pr 22:28; 23:10; 3 mpl. יַשִּׂיגוּ Jb 24:2 (שׂ for ס); Pt. מַסִּיג ג׳ Dt 27:17, מַסִּיגֵי ג׳ Ho 5:10. 2. remove, carry away, valuables, to rescue them, juss., 2 ms. תַּסֵּג Mi 6:14 si vera l. (on synt. v. Dr§ § 152, 1. 2; 155 Obs.). Hoph. Pf. 3 ms. וְהֻסַּג אָחוֹר מִשְׁפָּט Is 59:14 and justice is driven back (‖ צְדָקָה מֵרָחוֹק תַּעֲמֹד).

† [לוּז] vb. (poet., mostly WsdLt) turn aside, depart (NH Niph., Hiph.; Arabic لَاذَ have recourse to, take refuge in);— Qal Impf. אַל־יָלֻזוּ מֵעֵינֶ֑יךָ Pr 3:21 let them not (i.e. sound wisdom, etc., si vera l., cf. VB) depart from thine eyes (v. Hiph.). Niph. Pt. נָלוֹז Pr 3:32 Is 30:12; cstr. נְלוֹז Pr 14:2; pl. נְלוֹזִים 2:15;—fig., devious, crooked, נ׳ בְּמַעְגְּלֹתָם Pr 2:15 (‖ עִקְּשִׁים); נ׳ דְּרָכָיו 14:2; as subst. of pers. 3:32; of course of action Is 30:12 (‖ עֹשֶׁק), i.e. crookedness = craftiness, cunning, cf. De Che Di. Hiph. Impf. אַל־יַלִּיזוּ מֵעֵינֶיךָ Pr 4:21 (subj. דְּבָרַי) let them [my words] not depart (on form v. Ges§ 72 R. 9) from thine eyes (strictly, let them not practise, exhibit, deviation, direct causat., Köi. 205).

† I. [רָמֹם] vb. be exalted (‖ form (according to Mas.) of רום);— Qal Pf. 3 pl. רוֹמּוּ מְעַט וְאֵינֶנּוּ Jb 24:24 (perhaps pass. form Ges§ 67 m. Bu; Du רֻמוֹ);—Pt. רֹמֵם v. רוּם" dir="rtl" >רום Pōʿl. Niph. Impf. 1 s. אֵרוֹמָ֔ם Is 33:10 (‖ אֶנָּשֵׂא; Hithpōʿl. from רום Köi. 454 Ges§ 54 c), 3 mpl. וַיֵּרֹ֫מּוּ Ez 10:15 (of cherubim), יֵרוֹ֫מּוּ v 17, וַיֵּרוֹ֫מּוּ v 19; Imv. mpl. הֵרֹ֫מּוּ מִתּוֹךְ הָעֵדָה Nu 17:10 (P).

† [שָׂטה] vb. turn aside (Aramaic סְטָא, ܣܛܳܐ id.; שְׂטָא stray; Ethiopic ሠጠየ iii. 1 be seduced, etc.; cf. DrJPhil. xi (1882), 205);— Qal Pf. 2 fs. שָׂטִית Nu 5:19, 20; Impf. 3 fs. תִּשְׂטֶה v 12, 29, juss. 3 ms. יֵשְׂטְ Pr 7:25; Imv. ms. שְׂטֵה 4:15;—turn aside, of unfaithful wife Nu 5:12 (abs.), + תַּחַת אִישׁ, i.e. while married, v 19 (+ טֻמְאָה adv. acc.), v 20, 29 (all P); of youth, from (מֵעַל) way of evil woman Pr 4:15, toward (אֶל) her ways 7:25.

ἀποχωρ-έω, future -ήσομαιRefs 5th c.BC+:—go from or away from, δόμωνRefs 5th c.BC+ __2 absolutely, depart, πάλιν ἀ.Refs 5th c.BC+; withdraw, ἐπὶ τὰ ἀναγκαῖα variant in Refs 5th c.BC+; especially after a defeat, retire, retreat, Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 ἀ.ἐκ τῶν πόλεων .. withdraw from.., give up possession of, Refs 5th c.BC+ __3.b metaphorically, withdraw or dissent from opinions, δοξῶνRefs 2nd c.AD+ __4 turn out, succeed, Refs 1st c.BC+.; of persons, κατὰ τρόπον ἀ. to be successful, Refs __5 have recourse, εἴς, ἐπί τι, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II pass off, especially of the excretions of the body, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ ἀποχωροῦντα excrements, Refs; τὸ ἀποχωροῦν excretion, Refs 4th c.BC+ __III of places, to be distant, μέρη ἀποκεχωρηκόταRefs 2nd c.BC+; ἀ. ὡς πόδα to be a foot apart, Refs 2nd c.AD+

διαγίγνομαι, Ionic dialectand later Attic dialect διαγίνομαι [γῑ], future -γενήσομαι: aorist διεγενόμην, also διεγενήθην Refs 1st c.BC+:—go through, pass, τοσάδε ἔτη Refs 5th c.BC+: absolutely, go through life, live, Refs 5th c.BC+; survive, see reading in Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐὰν ἄρα διαγιγνώμεθα if we live long enough, Refs 4th c.BC+; δ. ἀπὸ τῆς τέχνης to subsist by it, Refs 4th c.BC+; γενναίως δ. ἔν τινι behave nobly in.., Refs 1st c.AD+participle, διαγενέσθαι ἄρχων continue in the government, Refs 5th c.BC+; οὐδὲν ἄλλο ποιῶν διαγεγένηται ἢ διασκοπῶν he was never anything but a theorist, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II intervene, elapse, χρόνου μεταξὺ διαγενομένου Refs 5th c.BC+; οἴδαμεν.. ἤδη τῇ κρίσει ἐκείνῃ διαγεγονότα ἔτη ὀκτώ Test. cited in Refs 4th c.BC+

διΐστημι, future διαστήσω, set apart, separate, τοὺς λόχους Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, κίονες διεστάθησαν Refs 3rd c.BC+ __2 set one at variance with another, τινά τινος Refs 5th c.BC+; δ. τὴν Ἑλλάδα divide it into factions, Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 μέσας διαστήσας ἡμέρας δύο having left an interval of two days, Refs __4 distinguish, τί τινος Refs 2nd c.AD+ __5 inflate, κενοὺς ἀσκούς Refs __II more frequently in passive, with aorist 2, perfect, and pluperfect active:—stand apart, be divided, Refs 8th c.BC+aorist 2, Refs the sea made way, opened,Refsyawning wide, Refs 5th c.BC+; διεστῶτα, opposed to ἡνωμένα, Refs 3rd c.BC+; ἔτους διεστῶτος after an interval of a year, Refs __II.b stand with legs apart, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II.2 of persons, stand apart, be at variance, διαστήτην ἐρίσαντε Refs 8th c.BC+; διέστη ἐς ξυμμαχίαν ἑκατέρων sided with one or the other party,Refs 4th c.BC+; simply, differ, be different, πλούτου ἀρετὴ διέστηκεν Refs 5th c.BC+not homogeneous, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3 part after fighting, Refs 5th c.BC+: hence, to be reconciled, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3.b of an army, retire, Refs 2nd c.BC+ __II.4 stand at certain distances or intervals, Refs 5th c.BC+; of guards in a row, Refs; of post-stations, Refs; of soldiers, δ. κατὰ διακοσίους Refs 5th c.BC+; διάστηθι mark distances! a word of command, Refs 2nd c.AD+ are equidistant from one another, Refs 3rd c.BC+ __III middle, sometimes transitive, separate, γεώδη γένη διϊστάμενοι Refs 5th c.BC+: chiefly in aorist 1, δ. τόν τε δικαιότατον καὶ τὸν ἀδικώτατον contrast, Refs; ἀράχνια, of spiders, spread, Refs 3rd c.BC+

† II. הָגָה vb. remove (Thes comp. יגה)— Qal Pf. הָגָה Is 27:8 (Di reads הָגָהּ); Inf. abs. הָגוֹ Pr 25:4, 5;—הָגוֹ סִיגִים מִכָּ֑סֶף Pr 25:4 remove (lit. a removing) dross from silver; as sim. of following הָגוֹ רָשָׁע לִפְנֵי מֶלֶךְ Pr 25:5 remove (the) wicked before a king; הָגָה בְּרוּחוֹ הַקָּשָׁה Is 27:8, according to Di (v. supr.) he (י׳) hath removed her (i.e. sent into exile; his people under fig. of faithless wife) by his harsh wind; so transl. also Ew Che (he scared her away) Brd RV VB; De follows MT, regards as ellipt. rel. cl., and renders by ptcp., ‘sichtend (i.e. sifting, winnowing) heftigen Hauches,’ but conjectures הָגֹה (Inf. abs.)

† [זָחַח] vb. remove, displace (Arabic زَخَّ push, thrust away; comp. also Aramaic זוּחַ, ܙܳܚ move, move away (intrans.))— Niph. Impf. וְלֹא־יִזַּח הַחֹשֶׁן מֵעַל הָאֵפוֹד Ex 28:28 and that the breast-piece be not displaced etc., 39:21 (both P).

ἀποτρέπ-ω, turn away from, εἰ δὲ σὺ.. τιν᾽ ἄλλον.. ἀποτρέψεις πολέμοιοRefs 8th c.BC+; deter or dissuade from, τινός τιναRefs 5th c.BC+: with infinitive, ἀ. προσωτέρω τὸ μὴ πορεύεσθαιRefs 5th c.BC+: with participle, ἀ. τινὰ ὑβρίζονταRefs 4th c.BC+:—passive, ὁ παραβαίνειν τι βουλόμενος τῷ μὴ προὔχων ἂν ἐπελθεῖν -τρέπεταιRefs 5th c.BC+ __2 with accusative person only, turn away or back, πάντας ἀπέτραπε καὶ μεμαῶταςRefs 8th c.BC+; τοὺς ἀλαζόνας ἀ. deter them, Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to παροξῦναι, Refs 4th c.BC+; opposed to συμβουλεύω, Refs 4th c.BC+ __3 with accusative of things, turn back again, ποτὶ χέρσον ἔντεα ναόςRefs 5th c.BC+ __4 turn aside, avert, ἀπὸ δὲ.. ἔγχεος ὁρμὴν ἔτραπεRefs 8th c.BC+; pervert, δίκας κέλευθον ὀρθᾶςRefs 5th c.BC+; τὸ σφάλμα ἀ. prevent, avert it, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀ. βλάβην, συμφοράν, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀ. τὴν εἰρήνην prevent its being made, Refs 5th c.BC+ __5 turn from others against one, ἐπὶ τῷδε.. οὐκ ἔγχος τις.. ἀποτρέψε; see reading in Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, ἀποτετράφθαι πρὸς τὴν ἄλλην ἸταλίανRefs 1st c.AD+ —middle, ἀποτραπόμενος πρὸς θυσίαν, i.e. turning away from other objects to this one, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II middle and (later) passive, turn from, desist from, with participle, ἀπετράπετ᾽ ὄβριμος Ἕκτωρ ὀλλὺς ἈργείουςRefs 8th c.BC+: with infinitive, λέγεινRefs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 turn away, turn a deaf ear, οὐδέ.. ἀπετράπετ᾽ οὐδ᾽ ἀπίθησενRefs 8th c.BC+ __II.3 with accusative of things, turn away from, shrink from, δεῖμα πολιτῶνRefs 5th c.BC+ __II.4 turn back, return, ἐπ᾽ ὄκουRefs 5th c.BC+ __II.5 dissuade, deter, τινάRefs 2nd c.BC+ __II.6 beat off, repulse, Refs 1st c.AD+

ἐκστρέφω, turn out of, βόθρου τ᾽ ἐξέστρεψε [δένδρον] rooted up a tree from the trench it stood in, Refs 8th c.BC+ __II turn inside out, τὰ βλέφαρα Refs 5th c.BC+: metaphorically, change or alter entirely, τοὺς τρόπους Refs —passive, ποσὶν ἐξεστραμμένοις πορευόμενοι with feet turned outwards, Refs 4th c.BC+; to be distorted, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II.2 metaphorically in perfect participle passive, γενεὰ ἐξεστραμμένη perverse generation, LXX __II.3 transmute base metal, Refs 1st c.BC+

† [נְסַח] vb. pull away (𝔗; v. BH);— Hithpe. be pulled away: Impf. 3 ms. יִתְנְסַח Ezr 6:11 (מִן).