H4164 H4164
constraint, distress, constriction
A noun denoting constraint, distress, or constriction—the opposite of spaciousness and freedom. Job uses it to contrast with 'broad place without constraint' (36:16) and to describe waters frozen into constraint (37:10). Isaiah employs it to describe the former distress of the lands of Zebulun and Naphtali (9:1), which will later see great light. The term captures the feeling of being hemmed in, restricted, or under pressure.
Senses
1. sense 1 — Cross-linguistic evidence points to constriction and distress: Spanish 'estrechez, angustia' (narrowness, anguish), English 'distress, constrained.' Job 36:16 promises deliverance from distress to a broad place of freedom. Job 37:10 uses it for the constraint of freezing, when water becomes solid ice. Isaiah 9:1 recalls the historical distress inflicted on northern territories by Assyrian invasion, preparing for the promise of messianic light that will dispel this darkness. 3×
AR["ضُغطَ", "ضِيقٌ", "فِي-جُمُودٍ"]·ben["-ঢালাইয়ে", "যন্ত্রণা", "সঙ্কীর্ণ"]·DE["[במוצק]", "[מוצק]"]·EN["constrained", "distress", "in-freezing"]·FR["[מוצק]", "dans-במוצק", "מוצק"]·heb["ב-מוצק", "מוצק"]·HI["जमावट-में", "तंगी", "संकट-में"]·ID["dalam-kesusahan", "dalam-membeku", "sempit"]·IT["[מוצק]", "constrained", "in-in-freezing"]·jav["ing-beku", "kasusahan", "sesak"]·KO["고통이", "굳어짐-에", "좁은"]·PT["aflição", "em-fundição.", "estreiteza"]·RU["в-отвердении", "стеснена", "стеснённое"]·ES["en-fundición", "estrechez", "tuvo-angustia"]·SW["aliyekuwa-katika-dhiki", "kizuizi", "umeganda"]·TR["katılaşır", "sikinti-cekti", "sıkışık"]·urd["تنگ", "تنگی", "جمنے میں"]
Related Senses
H7965 1. peace, absence of conflict (198×)H3467 1. save, deliver, rescue (Hifil active) (156×)H5127 1. flee, run away (Qal) (144×)G1515 1. peace, well-being, harmony (93×)H8002 1. peace offering(s) (87×)G4982 1. save spiritually, grant salvation (79×)H3444 1. salvation, deliverance (67×)H4422 1. Nifal: escape, flee (63×)H1272 1. flee, run away (Qal) (58×)H6869b 1. distress, trouble (57×)G4991 1. of salvation (46×)G2347 1. tribulation, affliction, distress (45×)H0983 1. security, safety, confidence (42×)H6031b 1. Piel: afflict, oppress (42×)H6040 1. affliction, misery, suffering (36×)H3468 1. salvation, deliverance (33×)G5343 1. flee, run away (28×)H3467 2. savior, deliverer (Hifil participle substantive) (28×)H8668 1. salvation, deliverance (27×)H8252 1. be quiet, be at rest (26×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† II. מוּצָק, מוּצַק n.[m.] constraint, distress;—abs. מוּצָק Is 8:23 distress; abs. also מוּצַק Jb 36:16, of distress as constraint (opp. רַחַב); רֹחַב מַיִם בְּמוּצָ֑ק 37:10, lit. in constraint (i.e. forzen).—i. מוּצָק v. יצק.