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H3707 H3707
Art | V-Hifil-Prtcpl-mp  |  55× in 3 senses
To provoke to anger or be vexed; causatively to incite wrath (especially divine), or intransitively to experience anger or indignation oneself.
A verb of provocation and vexation that appears most often in the dire warnings of Deuteronomy and Kings, where Israel's idolatry 'provokes' the LORD to anger. In its causative Hifil stem it carries tremendous theological weight — virtually every occurrence names God as the one provoked. Yet in the quieter Qal stem the word turns inward: a wicked man sees blessing and is simply 'vexed' (Ps 112:10), or Qoheleth warns against being hasty in spirit to be angry (Eccl 7:9). The intimate scene of Peninnah taunting Hannah (1 Sam 1:6–7) reveals a rarer interpersonal edge, where provocation is not cosmic but painfully domestic.

Senses
1. provoke to anger (causative) The dominant causative use (Hifil and theological Piel): provoking someone — overwhelmingly God — to anger through idolatry, sin, or rebellion. Spanish 'provocar a ira' and Arabic أَغَاظَ both capture the causative force. This is the language of covenant lawsuit: 'they provoked me to anger with their idols' (Deut 32:16, 21). Nearly every occurrence in Kings uses this sense to explain why judgment fell on Israel. 47×
PROPERTIES_RELATIONS Nature, Class, Example Geography and Space
AR["أَغَاظَهُ", "لِإِغَاظَتِي", "لِتُغِيظَنِي", "لِتُغِيظُوهُ", "لِتُغْضِبُونِي", "لِـ-يُغيظوني", "لِيُغِيظَ", "لِيُغِيظُوا", "لِيُغِيظُونِي", "لِيُغْضِبُونِي", "يُغِيظُونَنِي", "يُغِيظُونِي", "☐"]·ben["আমাকে-অসন্তুষ্ট-করতে।", "আমাকে-ক্রোধিত-করতে", "আমাকে-রাগান্বিত-করতে", "আমাকে-রাগায়", "ক্রুদ্ধ-করতে-আমাকে", "ক্রোধ-জাগাত-আমার", "ক্রোধ-জাগাতে-আমার", "ক্রোধিত-করছে", "ক্রোধিত-করতে", "ক্রোধিত-করতে-তাঁকে", "ক্রোধিত-করেছিলেন-তাঁকে", "তাঁকে-ক্রুদ্ধ-করতে", "রাগান্বিত-করতে"]·DE["erzuernen", "provoked-ihn", "provoking", "zu-erzuernen-ihn", "zu-provoke", "zu-provoke-Me", "zu-provoke-mich-zu-Zorn", "zu-provoke-zu-Zorn"]·EN["[provoke-me-to-anger]", "provoke-Me-to-anger", "provoke-me-to-anger", "provoked-him", "provoking", "to-provoke", "to-provoke-Me", "to-provoke-him", "to-provoke-me", "to-provoke-me-to-anger", "to-provoke-to-anger"]·FR["irriter", "provoqua-lui", "provoquant", "à-provoque", "à-provoque-Moi", "à-provoque-moi-à-colère", "à-provoque-à-colère", "à-provoquer-lui"]·heb["הכעיסו", "הכעיסוני", "הכעיסני", "ל-הכעיס", "ל-הכעיסו", "ל-הכעיסני", "מכעיסים"]·HI["क्रोध-दिलाएं-मुझे", "क्रोध-दिलाने", "क्रोध-दिलाने-को-मुझे", "क्रोध-दिलाने-मुझे", "क्रोधित-करने", "क्रोधित-करने-के-लिए", "क्रोधित-करने-को-उसे", "क्रोधित-करने-को-मुझे", "क्रोधित-करनेवाले", "क्रोधित-करो-मुझे", "क्रोधित-किया-उसे", "मुझे-क्रोधित-करने", "मुझे-क्रोधित-करने-को", "मुझे-क्रोधित-करें", "ल-क्रोधित-करने"]·ID["[k]", "dibangkitkan-kepadanya", "membangkitkan-amarah", "membuat-Ku-marah", "mereka-membuat-Aku-marah", "untuk-membangkitkan-amarah", "untuk-membangkitkan-murka-Ku", "untuk-membangkitkan-murka-Ku.", "untuk-membuat-Aku-marah", "untuk-membuat-Ku-marah", "untuk-membuat-marah", "untuk-membuat-marah-Nya"]·IT["a-provoca", "a-provoca-Me", "a-provoca-a-ira", "a-provoca-me-a-ira", "a-provocare-lui", "provocando", "provocare-all'ira", "provocò-lui"]·jav["Ingsun", "[ketiv]", "kagem-nglarakaken-penggalih", "kangge-damel-duka", "kangge-damel-duka-Aku", "kangge-ndadosaken-Kawula-duka", "kangge-ndadosaken-duka", "kanggé-ngluputaken-Ingsun", "ndadosaken-Kawula-duka", "ndukakaken-Kula", "piyambakipun-sami-ndadosaken-duka", "supados-ndadosaken-duka-Kawula", "supados-ndadosaken-duka-Panjenenganipun", "supados-ngigit-aken-Aku", "supados-ngina-Panjenenganipun"]·KO["[노하게-하기-위하여]", "그를-노엽게-하려고", "나를-노하게-하기-위하여", "나를-노하게-하려고", "노여웠게-한", "노하게-하기-위해-나를", "노하게-하려고", "노하게-하려고-나를", "진노케-하기-위해", "진노케-하기-위해-나를", "진노케-하는-자들이", "진노케-하려고", "진노하게-하려고"]·PT["Para-me-provocar-à-ira", "[me-provocardes]", "me-irritem", "para-me-provocar", "para-me-provocar-à-ira", "para-provocar", "para-provocar-me", "para-provocar-me-à-ira", "para-provocar-à-ira", "para-provocá-lo", "para-provocá-lo-à-ira", "provocando", "provocar-me", "provocou-o"]·RU["гневить-Меня", "гневящими", "огорчать-Его", "огорчать-Меня", "огорчил-его", "чтобы-гневить", "чтобы-гневить-Его", "чтобы-гневить-Меня", "чтобы-огорчать-Меня", "чтобы-прогневать-Меня", "чтобы-прогневить", "чтобы-прогневить-Меня"]·ES["[provocarme-a-ira]", "le-provocó", "para-provocar", "para-provocar-a-ira", "para-provocarlo-a-ira", "para-provocarme", "para-provocarme-a-ira", "provocarme-a-ira", "provocándome"]·SW["[mnikasrishe]", "alimkasirisha", "kumchukiza", "kumkasirisha", "kunichukiza", "kunikasirisha", "wanikasirisha"]·TR["-öfkelendirmek-için", "[kızdırmak]", "beni-öfkelendirmek-için", "kızdırmak-için", "kızdırmak-için-O'nu", "kızdırmaya", "öfkelendirdi-onu", "öfkelendiren", "öfkelendirmek-için", "öfkelendirmek-için-beni", "öfkelendirmemin"]·urd["غصہ-دلائیں-مجھے", "غصہ-دلانے-کو", "غصہ-دلانے-کو-اُسے", "غصہ-دلانے-کو-مجھے", "غضب-دلانے-اُسے", "غضب-دلانے-والے", "غضب-دلایا-اُسے", "غضبناک-کرو", "مجھے-غصہ-دلانے-کو", "مجھے-ناراض-کرنے-کو", "کو-غصہ-دلانے", "کے-لیے-غضب-دلانے"]
2. be angry or vexed The intransitive Qal sense: to be angry, vexed, or emotionally distressed oneself, without directing that anger outward at another. Korean 화를 내다 ('to let out anger') and Swahili -kasirika ('to be angry') confirm the reflexive, internal quality. Asa 'was angry' at the seer (2 Chr 16:10), the wicked man 'is vexed' watching the righteous prosper (Ps 112:10), and Qoheleth counsels patience over quick-tempered vexation (Eccl 7:9).
EMOTION_ATTITUDE Attitudes and Emotions Anger and Indignation
AR["أَغْضَبُ", "الَّذِي-", "فَ-يَغضَب", "فِي-", "وَ-سَخِطَ", "وَغَضِبَ"]·ben["আর-ক্রুদ্ধ-হল", "এবং-ক্রুদ্ধ-হবে", "এবং-দুঃখ", "ক্রুদ্ধ-হব", "ক্রোধিত-হতে"]·DE["[ויכעס]", "[וכעס]", "[לכעוס]", "erzuernen", "und-erzuernen", "und-ist-vexed"]·EN["and-he-was-angry", "and-is-vexed", "and-vexation", "and-was-angry", "to-be-angry", "will-I-be-angry"]·FR["[ויכעס]", "et-irriter", "irriter", "à-irriter"]·heb["אכעס", "ו-יכעס", "ו-כעס", "ל-כעוס"]·HI["और-क्रोधित-हुआ", "और-क्रोधित-होगा", "और-खेद", "और-रिसाया", "क्रोधित-होऊँगा-मैं", "क्रोधित-होने-को"]·ID["Aku-akan-marah", "Lalu-marahlah", "dan-kesusahan", "dan-marah", "dan-sangat-jengkel", "untuk-marah"]·IT["[ויכעס]", "e-e-vexation", "e-provoco'-a-sdegno", "per-a-essere-angry", "provocare-all'ira"]·jav["Aku-badhé-duka", "Lan-duka", "dhateng-nesu", "lan-duka", "lan-sekel"]·KO["그리고-노하였다", "그리고-분노하리라", "그리고-슬픔", "그리고-화를-냈다", "내가-노하리라", "성내기-위해"]·PT["e-desgosto", "e-enfureceu", "e-irou-se", "e-se-irará", "me-irar-ei", "para-irar-te"]·RU["буду-гневаться", "гневаться,", "и-досада", "и-разгневается", "и-разгневался"]·ES["a-enojarte", "me-enojaré", "y-enojo", "y-se-enojó", "y-se-irritará"]·SW["kasirika", "kukasirika", "na-akakasirika", "na-atakasirika", "na-hasira"]·TR["Ve-öfkelendi", "kizmak-icin", "kızacağım", "ve-keder", "ve-kızacak", "ve-öfkelendi"]·urd["اور-غصہ", "اور-غصہ-آیا", "اور-غصے-میں-آئے-گا", "اور-ناراض-ہوا", "غصہ-کرنے-کے-لیے", "غصہ-کروں-گا"]
3. vex or taunt interpersonally A specialized interpersonal use in the Peninnah-Hannah narrative (1 Sam 1:6–7): to vex, taunt, or torment another person through rivalry. Swahili -chokoza ('to tease, needle') distinguishes this from general anger-provocation. Here the provocation is not theological but relational — a rival wife deliberately goading a barren woman to tears, making this sense uniquely personal and domestic.
PHYSICAL_ACTION Physical Impact Striking and Reference
AR["تُغِيظُهَا", "وَ-أَغَاظَتْهَا"]·ben["এবং-জ্বালাতন-করত", "তাকে-জ্বালাতন-করত"]·DE["sie-provoked-ihr", "und-provoked-ihr"]·EN["and-provoked-her", "she-provoked-her"]·FR["elle-provoqua-sa", "et-provoqua-sa"]·heb["ו-כעסה", "תכעיסנה"]·HI["और-चिढ़ाती", "चिढ़ाती"]·ID["Dan-menyakitilah", "dia-menyakitinya"]·IT["e-provocò-lei", "ella-provocò-lei"]·jav["Lan-nyakitaken", "piyambakipun-nyakitaken"]·KO["괴롭혔다-그녀-를", "그리고-괴롭혔다-그녀-를"]·PT["provocava-a", "¶ E-provocava-a"]·RU["и-огорчала-её", "огорчала-её"]·ES["Y-la-provocaba", "la-provocaba"]·SW["alimchokoza", "na-akamchokoza"]·TR["Ve-kızdırdı-onu", "kızdırırdı-onu"]·urd["اور-چڑھاتی-تھی-اُسے", "چڑھاتی-تھی-اُسے"]

Related Senses
G0846 1. third-person pronoun reference (5552×)H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)H???? 1. (4670×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H6213a 1. do, perform, act (2383×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)

BDB / Lexicon Reference
כָּעַס vb. be vexed, angry (NH כָּעַס, Aramaic כְּעַס (not Syriac));— Qal Pf. כ׳ ψ 112:10 Ec 5:16; Impf. וַיִּכְעַס Ne 3:33 2 Ch 16:10; 1 s. אֶכְעַס Ez 16:42; Inf. לִכְעוֹס Ec 7:9.— 1. be vexed, indignant ψ 112:10 Ne 3:33 Ec 5:16. 2. be angry Ez 16:42 Ec 7:9, c. אֶל pers. 2 Ch 16:10. Piel. Pf. 3 fs. sf. כִּעֲסַתָּה 1 S 1:6; 3 mpl. sf. כִּעֲסוּנִי Dt 32:21 angered (בְּהַבְלֵיהֶם). Hiph. Pf.