H3148 H3148
More, excessively, advantage — adverb and noun of excess, surplus, or superiority (Ecclesiastes/Esther)
The noun/adverb יוֹתֵר (yoter), derived from the root יתר ('to remain over'), is a distinctly late Hebrew word found almost exclusively in Ecclesiastes — the Preacher's favorite tool for probing what advantage one thing has over another. In its adverbial role it means 'more,' 'excessively,' or 'overmuch,' as when Qoheleth warns against being 'overly righteous' (Eccl 7:16). Its nominal sense denotes advantage or profit: 'What advantage has the wise over the fool?' (Eccl 6:8). In Esther 6:6 it appears in comparative force — Haman imagines the king would want to honor him 'more than' anyone else.
Senses
1. more, exceedingly, to excess — The adverbial and comparative use meaning 'more,' 'exceedingly,' or 'to excess.' In Ecclesiastes 7:16 Qoheleth warns against being righteous 'overmuch' (אַל־תְּהִי צַדִּיק הַרְבֵּה וְאַל־תִּתְחַכַּם יוֹתֵר), and in 2:15 he observes that he was wise 'excessively' to no profit. Spanish 'de más' and 'en exceso,' German 'mehr,' and French 'surplus' all confirm the degree-intensifier reading. Esther 6:6 uses it comparatively with מִן: 'more than me.' 5×
AR["أَكْثَرَ", "أَنَا", "حَكِيمًا", "فَائِدَةٌ", "فَضْلُ"]·ben["অত্যধিক", "অধিক", "বেশি"]·DE["mehr"]·EN["excessively", "more"]·FR["[יותר]", "surplus"]·heb["יותר"]·HI["अत्यधिक", "अधिक"]·ID["lebih"]·IT["[יותר]", "inoltre"]·jav["langkung"]·KO["남음", "더"]·PT["demais", "mais", "é-mais"]·RU["более", "более;", "более?"]·ES["de-más", "en-exceso", "más", "más?"]·SW["faida", "sana", "zaidi"]·TR["asiri", "daha-fazla", "daha-çok", "fazladir"]·urd["زیادہ", "فائدہ"]
2. moreover, furthermore, advantage — The conjunctive-nominal use meaning 'moreover,' 'furthermore,' or 'the advantage/profit is.' In Ecclesiastes 12:9 it opens with וְיֹתֵר שֶׁ ('and besides the fact that'), introducing supplementary information about the Preacher's activity. At 12:12 it carries a cautionary nuance — 'and more than these, my son, be warned' — where the word pivots from enumeration to admonition. Spanish 'y además,' 'y ventaja' and German 'und mehr' confirm the additive-connective function distinct from the purely degree-based adverbial sense. 3×
AR["وَفَائِدَةٌ", "وِ-يُوتِير"]·ben["এবং-আরও", "এবং-বেশি"]·DE["und-mehr"]·EN["and-beyond", "and-moreover", "and-profit"]·FR["et-surplus"]·heb["ו-יותר"]·HI["और-अधिक", "और-लाभ"]·ID["Dan-lebih", "Dan-lebih-dari", "dan-lebih"]·IT["e-inoltre"]·jav["lan-langkung", "lan-malih"]·KO["그리고-남음"]·PT["E-além-de", "e-vantagem"]·RU["И-кроме-того,", "И-сверх-", "и-выгода"]·ES["y-además", "y-ventaja"]·SW["Na-zaidi", "na-faida"]·TR["ve-ayrica", "ve-fayda"]·urd["اور-اِن-سے-زیادہ", "اور-فائدہ", "اور-مزید"]
Related Senses
H3605 1. all, every, whole (5352×)H0259 1. one (cardinal numeral) (940×)H8147 1. cardinal number two (666×)G3956 1. all (collective plural) (616×)H3967 1. cardinal numeral hundred (550×)H1419a 1. great, large (general quality) (486×)H7969 1. cardinal number three (431×)H0505 1. cardinal number thousand (427×)H7651 1. seven (cardinal number) (393×)G1520 1. cardinal number one (339×)H6240 1. ten (cardinal number) (334×)H6242 1. twenty (cardinal number) (315×)H2568 1. cardinal number five (309×)H0702 1. four (cardinal number) (277×)G3956 2. every, each (distributive) (227×)H8337 1. six (cardinal number) (215×)G3956 3. all things, everything (substantive) (211×)G3956 4. (187×)H6235 1. ten (177×)G3173 1. great in size or extent (176×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† יוֹתֵר, יֹתֵר n.m. superiority, advantage, excess (late) (proposes Qal pt. of יתר)—abs. יוֹתֵר Ec 7:16 + 2 times; יֹתֵר Ec 2:15 + 4 times;—superiority, advantage מַה־יּוֹתֵר לֶחָכָם מִן��הַכְּסִיל Ec 6:8 what advantage hath the wise over the fool? prob. also יֹתֵר מֵהֵמָּה 12:12 (as to) what is more than these (see VB); abs. מַה־יֹּתֵר לָאָדָם 6:11; יֹתֵר לְרֹאֵי הַשָּׁ֑מֶשׁ Ec 7:11; elsewhere…