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H3034 H3034
V-Hitpael-Prtcpl-mp  |  114× in 5 senses
To give thanks, praise, or confess (Hifil/Hitpael); originally 'to throw, cast' (Piel); the core gesture of publicly declaring what God has done.
One of the most theologically rich verbs in the Psalter, yadah in the Hifil means to give thanks or praise — not as private sentiment but as public declaration. The Hitpael reflexive shifts the focus inward: to confess one's sins before God (Lev 16:21, Neh 9:2). Underneath both liturgical uses lies an older physical meaning preserved in the Piel: to throw or cast down (Lam 3:53). Palmyrene inscriptions confirm the thanksgiving sense with מודא ('render thanks'), paralleling Greek eucharisteo, while Ethiopic retains the throwing sense. German danken and French célébrer each capture only part of the word's range — the full picture requires both the outward praise and the inward confession.

Senses
1. give thanks, praise (Hifil) The dominant Hifil sense covering 94 of 114 occurrences: to give thanks to or praise God. Spanish Te-alabaré ('I will praise you') and French célébrer ('to celebrate') reflect the doxological force. This is the verb of the great thanksgiving psalms (Ps 107:1, 118:1, 136:1 — 'Give thanks to the LORD, for he is good') and of David's appointment of Levitical singers (1 Chr 16:7-8). The Hifil causative nuance suggests making known, declaring publicly. 94×
COMMUNICATION Communication Praise and Boasting
AR["أَحْمَدُكَ","احمَدوا","احْمَدُوا","احْمَدُوا-","اِحْمَدُوا"]·ben["আমি-আপনাকে-ধন্যবাদ-দেব","আমি-তোমাকে-ধন্যবাদ-দেব","তোমাকে-ধন্যবাদ-দেব","ধন্যবাদ-দাও","ধন্যবাদ-দেব-তোমাকে","প্রশংসা-কর"]·DE["[הודו]","danken","dankte"]·EN["I-will-give-thanks-to-You","I-will-give-thanks-to-you","I-will-praise-you","give-thanks","will-give-thanks-to-You"]·FR["célébrer","le-célébrer","louer"]·heb["אודה-ך","אודך","הודו"]·HI["तेरी-स्तुति-करूंगा","धन्यवाद-करूँगा-तेरा-मैं","धन्यवाद-करो","धन्यवाद-दूँगा-तुझे","धन्यवाद-दूँगा-तेरा","धन्यवाद-दो","धन्यवाद-दो-","धन्यवाददो"]·ID["Bersyukurlah","akan-memuji-Engkau","aku-memuji-Mu","bersyukurlah"]·IT["lodare","lodate","lodo'","ti-lodero'"]·jav["Kula-badhe-ngaturaken-panuwun-dhateng-Panjenengan","Matursuwnun","Mugi-ngaturaken-panuwun","Ngaturaken-pamuji-sukur","Ngaturaken-panuwun","Saos-sukur","badhé-memuji-Panjenengan","kula-badhé-saos-panuwun-dhateng-Panjenengan","kula-ngaturaken-panuwun-Panjenengan","sami-ngunjukaken-panuwun","saosna-puji-sokur","saosna-sokur"]·KO["감사하라","감사하리로다","감사하리이다","감사하리이다-당신-을"]·PT["Dai-graças","Louvar-te-ei","dai-graças","louvai","louvar-te-ei","te-louvarei"]·RU["Благодарите","Славьте","благодарите","буду-благодарить-Тебя","буду-славить-Тебя","славьте","славьте-"]·ES["Alabad","Dad-gracias","Te-alabaré","alabad","dadle-gracias","te-alabaré"]·SW["Mshukuruni","Nitakushukuru","mshukuruni","nitakushukuru","shukuruni"]·TR["sukredin","Öveceğim-seni","Şükredin","şükredeceğim-Sana","şükredeceğim-sana","şükredin"]·urd["تیرا-شکر-کروں-گا","شکر-کرو","میں-تیرا-شکر-کروں-گا","میں-شکر-کروں-گا-تیرا"]
2. confess (Hitpael) The Hitpael reflexive stem used 11 times to describe personal or communal confession of sin. Leviticus uses it for the Day of Atonement ritual where Aaron confesses over the scapegoat (Lev 16:21), and for individual guilt offerings (Lev 5:5). Spanish confesando and French confesser align perfectly. The reflexive form implies self-examination — turning the declarative act of yadah inward upon oneself. 11×
COMMUNICATION Communication Praise and Boasting
AR["فَ-اعْتَرَفُوا","مُعْتَرِفِينَ","وَ-أَعْتَرِفُ","وَ-اعْتَرَفُوا","وَ-اعْتَرَفْتُ","وَ-كَـ-اعْتِرافِهِ","وَ-مُعْتَرِفًا","وَ-مُعْتَرِفِينَ","وَ-يَعْتَرِفُ","وَ-يَعْتَرِفُونَ"]·ben["আর-স্বীকার-করতে-তাঁর","আর-স্বীকার-করল","এবং-তারা-স্বীকার-করবে","এবং-স্বীকার-করছি","এবং-স্বীকার-করছিলাম","এবং-স্বীকার-করবে","এবং-স্বীকার-করবে-তারা","এবং-স্বীকার-করলাম","এবং-স্বীকার-করুক","ও-স্বীকার-করে","স্বীকার-করছিল"]·DE["[ויתודו]","[וכהתודתו‪‬]","[ומתודה]","[מתודים]","und-danken","und-er-soll-confess","und-lass-confess","und-sie-soll-confess","und-sie-wird-confess"]·EN["and-I-confessed","and-as-was-confessing","and-confessing","and-he-shall-confess","and-let-confess","and-they-confessed","and-they-shall-confess","and-they-will-confess","confessing"]·FR["et-il-devra-confesser","et-ils-devra-confesser","et-ils-fera-confesser","et-laisse-confesser","et-louer","louer"]·heb["ו-התוודה","ו-התוודיתי","ו-יתודו","ו-כ-התודתו‪‬-ו","ו-מתודה","ו-מתודים","ו-מתוודה","מתודים"]·HI["और-अंगीकार करेगा","और-अंगीकार-कर-रहा-था","और-अंगीकार-करता-हूँ","और-अंगीकार-करते-थे","और-अंगीकार-करे","और-अंगीकार-करें","और-अंगीकार-किया-मैंने","और-जब-वह-अंगीकार-कर-रहा-था","और-माना","और-वे अंगीकार करेंगे","मानते-थे"]·ID["Dan-mereka-akan-mengaku","dan-aku-mengaku","dan-ia-mengaku","dan-ketika-mengaku","dan-mengaku","dan-mengakui","dan-mereka-akan-mengakui","dan-mereka-mengaku","mengaku"]·IT["e-egli-dovra-confess","e-essi-dovra-confess","e-essi-fara-confess","e-lascia-confess","e-lodare","e-ringraziare","lodare"]·jav["Lan-piyambakipun-ngakoni","Lan-sami-ngaku","lajeng-sami-ngaken","lan-kula-ngaken-dosa","lan-nalika-ngaken","lan-ngaken","lan-ngaken-dosa","lan-ngakeni","sami-ngaken"]·KO["그리고-고백하는동안","그리고-고백하되","그리고-고백하며","그리고-고백하여라","그리고-고백할-것이다","그리고-그들이-자백하면","그리고-자백하는-자로","그리고-자백하라","그리하여-자백했다","자백하고"]·PT["E-confessaram","E-confessarão","confessando","e-confessando","e-confessaram","e-confessará","e-confessei","e-enquanto-confessava"]·RU["и-исповедает","и-исповедались","и-исповедают","и-исповедовался","и-исповедуется","и-исповедующий","и-исповедуясь","и-как-исповедовался","исповедаясь"]·ES["Y-confesarán","confesando","y-confesando","y-confesaron","y-confesará","y-confesarán","y-confesé","y-confieso","y-mientras-confesaba"]·SW["Na-wataungama","Uhtudu","na-alipokiri","na-atakiri","na-ataungama","na-kuungama","na-nikaungama","na-ninaungama","na-wakaungama","wakiungama","wּmitwadiּym"]·TR["itiraf-ediyorlardı","ve-itiraf-edecek","ve-itiraf-edecekler","ve-itiraf-eden","ve-itiraf-ederek","ve-itiraf-ederken","ve-itiraf-ettiler","ve-itiraf-ettim"]·urd["اقرار-کرتے-تھے","اور-اقرار-کر-رہا-تھا","اور-اقرار-کرتے-ہوئے","اور-اقرار-کرنے-والا","اور-اقرار-کریں","اور-اقرار-کرے","اور-اقرار-کیا","اور-جب-اِقرار-کر-رہا-تھا-وہ"]
3. confess, acknowledge (Hifil) A Hifil usage where the meaning shifts from praise to confession or acknowledgment of sin, as in 1 Kings 8:33-35 (Solomon's temple prayer) and Psalm 32:5 ('I acknowledged my sin to you'). French je-célébrerai oddly glosses Ps 32:5, but Spanish confesaré captures the correct sense. These 6 occurrences show the Hifil can mean 'acknowledge, admit' when the object is wrongdoing rather than God's goodness — the same public declaration, but of guilt rather than grace.
COMMUNICATION Communication Praise and Boasting
AR["أَعْتَرِفُ","وَ-اعْتَرَفُوا","وَ-مَنْ-يَعْتَرِفُ"]·ben["আর-স্বীকার-করে","এবং-স্বীকার-করবে","কিন্তু-যে-স্বীকার-করে","স্বীকার-করব"]·DE["[ומודה]","dankte","und-danken","und-sie-confess"]·EN["I-will-confess","and-confess","and-they-confess","but-one-who-confesses"]·FR["et-ils-confesse","et-louer","je-célébrerai"]·heb["אודה","ו-הודו","ו-מודה"]·HI["और-अंगीकार-करें","और-मानने-वाला","और-स्वीकार-करेंगे","मैं-अंगीकार-करूँगा"]·ID["dan-memuji","dan-mengaku","tetapi-siapa-mengakui"]·IT["e-essi-confessa","e-lodare","e-ringraziare","lodero'"]·jav["kula-badhe-ngakeni","lan-ngakeni","lan-ngalem","nanging-tiyang-kang-ngaku"]·KO["그러나-자백하고","그리고-감사하고","그리고-고백하면","자백하리라"]·PT["confessarei","e-confessador","e-confessarem"]·RU["а-исповедующий","и-воздадут-хвалу","и-исповедают","исповедую"]·ES["confesaré","y-confesaren","y-confesarán","y-el-que-confiesa"]·SW["lakini-anayekiri","na-wakalikiri","na-wakaomba","na-watalikiri","nitakiri","wakarudi"]·TR["fakat-itiraf-eden","itiraf-edeceğim","ve-itiraf-ederlerse"]·urd["اور-اقرار-کرنے-والا","اور-اقرار-کریں","میں-اقرار-کروں-گا"]
4. throw down, cast (Piel) The rare Piel stem preserving the original physical meaning of yadah: to throw down or cast. Only two clear instances survive — Lam 3:53 ('they cast me into a pit') and Zech 1:21 ('to throw down the horns'). Ethiopic ወደየ retains this concrete throwing sense more broadly. Spanish para-derribar ('to throw down') captures the violent physicality that undergirds the entire semantic development: from hurling stones to hurling praise.
MOVEMENT Linear Movement Throwing and Casting
AR["لِيُلْقُوا","وَرَمَوْا-"]·ben["এবং-নিক্ষেপ-করেছে","ছুঁড়ে-ফেলতে"]·DE["[לידות]","und-seine-Hand"]·EN["and-cast","to-throw-down"]·FR["et-sa-main","louer"]·heb["ו-ידו","ל-ידות"]·HI["और-फेंका-","गिराने-के-लिए"]·ID["dan-mereka-melemparkan","untuk-melemparkan"]·IT["e-la-sua-mano","ringraziare"]·jav["lan-piyambakipun-sami-mbucal","nguncalaken"]·KO["그리고-그들-이-던졌네","던지려고"]·PT["e-lançaram","para-derrubar"]·RU["и-бросали","сбросить"]·ES["para-derribar","y-arrojaron"]·SW["kutupa-chini","na-kutupa"]·TR["atmak-için","ve-attılar"]·urd["اور-پھینکا","پھینکنے-کو"]
5. sense 5 A single occurrence in Jer 50:14 where the sense appears to be 'shoot' (arrows), as an extension of the throwing meaning. English 'shoot' and Spanish disparen ('fire!') treat it as a military command. This bridges the Piel 'cast' sense and may represent an archaic or dialectal usage of the root in a martial context — hurling projectiles at Babylon.
PROPERTIES_RELATIONS Nature, Class, Example Geography and Space
AR["ارْمُوا"]·ben["ছোড়"]·DE["seine-Hand"]·EN["shoot"]·FR["sa-main"]·heb["ידו"]·HI["चलाओ"]·ID["lepaskanlah-anak-panah"]·IT["la-sua-mano"]·jav["tumbakenana"]·KO["쏘라"]·PT["atirai"]·RU["стреляйте"]·ES["disparen"]·SW["pigeni-mishale"]·TR["atın"]·urd["چلاؤ"]

Related Senses
H5921a 1. upon, on, over (spatial) (5443×)H0413 1. directional: to, toward (5366×)H0559 1. say, speak, tell (5297×)H1121a 1. son, male offspring, descendant (4914×)H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)H4428 1. king, human ruler (2518×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H0935 1. come, arrive (Qal) (2413×)G3004 1. say, tell, speak (2226×)G1473 1. first person singular pronoun (2084×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)H6440 1. before, in front of (spatial) (1870×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H3027 1. physical hand (body part) (1596×)H1697 1. word, speech, utterance (1235×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H1696 1. speak, say, tell (Piel) (1105×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)

BDB / Lexicon Reference
† [יָדָה] vb. throw, cast (Arabic وَدَى exeruit, emisit, ii. iv. emisit (all now in special senses); Ethiopic ወደየ: throw, cast on or in (very often; cf. ወደደ:); whence Hiph. give thanks, confess (orig. acknowledge?) is commonly derived, perhaps from gestures accompanying the act, v. Thes LagOr ii. 22, yet connexion uncertain; Aramaic Pa. וַדֵּי, Aph. אוֹדִי confess, ܐܰܘܕܺܝ, ܐܫܬܘܕ�� id.; but