H1984c H1984c
To act madly or feign madness; to boast arrogantly; (Piel) to make foolish, drive to madness.
Often confused with its famous homonym meaning 'to praise' (the root of hallelujah), this second halal concerns the darker territory of madness and arrogance. David 'feigned madness' before King Achish, scratching on doors and letting saliva run down his beard (1 Sam 21:14). Jeremiah warns that the nations will 'go mad' after drinking God's cup of wrath (Jer 25:16; 50:38; 51:7). In the Psalms, the 'boastful' or 'arrogant' are those who exalt themselves against God (Ps 5:5; 73:3; 75:4). The Piel causative appears when God 'makes fools' of diviners (Isa 44:25) and strips counselors of sense (Job 12:17). Spanish enloquecen ('they go mad') and arrogantes ('the arrogant') neatly split the two dominant senses.
1. act madly, feign madness (Hitpael/Qal) — Acting insanely or feigning madness, in either genuine derangement or deliberate pretense. David 'changed his behavior' and 'acted madly' before Achish (1 Sam 21:14), while Jeremiah predicts nations will 'go mad' from drinking God's cup of fury (Jer 25:16; 50:38; 51:7). Spanish enloquecen and se hizo el loco distinguish involuntary and voluntary madness respectively. 4×
AR["تَجَنَّنَتِ","وَ-تَظَاهَرَ-بِـ-الْجُنُونِ","وَ-يَجُنُّونَ","يَتَبَاهَوْنَ"]·ben["আর-পাগল-হবে","এবং-পাগলামি-করল","তারা-উন্মাদ-হবে","পাগল-হয়েছে"]·DE["[והתהללו]","[יתהללו]","und-er-handelte-madly"]·EN["and-act-mad","and-he-acted-madly","they-act-madly"]·FR["[והתהללו]","[יתהללו]","et-il-agit-madly"]·heb["ו-התהולל","ו-התהוללו","יתהוללו"]·HI["और-पअगल-बन","और-पागल-हो-जाएँ","पागल-हो-गई-हैं","पागल-होते-हैं"]·ID["dan-akan-menjadi-gila","dan-dia-bertingkah-gila","menjadi-gila","mereka-bermegah"]·IT["[והתהללו]","[יתהללו]","e-egli-agì-follemente"]·jav["lan-piyambakipun-tumindak-édan","lan-sami-gila","para-bangsa-édan","sami-èdan"]·KO["그리고-미쳐날뛰리라","그리고-미친-척했다","미쳐-날뛰리라","미쳐-날뛰리라-그들이"]·PT["e-enlouquecerão","e-fez-se-louco","enlouquecem"]·RU["и-безумствовать","и-притворялся-безумным","обезумели","обезумеют"]·ES["enloquecen","y-enloquecerán","y-se-hizo-el-loco"]·SW["na-akajifanya-kichaa","na-kupagawa","wanazimu","wanazuzu"]·TR["deliriyorlar","ve-deli-gibi-davrandı","ve-deliye-dönecekler","çıldırdılar"]·urd["اور-پاگل-بنا","اور-پاگل-ہوں","دیوانے-ہیں","پاگل-ہو-گئے"]
▼ 2 more senses below
Senses
2. boast, be arrogant (Qal) — Boasting or behaving arrogantly, exalting oneself with hollow self-confidence. The Psalms warn against 'the boastful' who stand before God (Ps 5:5), and the psalmist rebukes: 'Do not boast' (Ps 75:4). Spanish arrogantes and insensatos ('the senseless') capture the moral dimension of pride verging on folly. 4×
AR["المُتَكَبِّرُونَ","تَتَباهَوْا","لِ-لمُتَباهينَ","مِنَ-المُتَباهينَ"]·ben["অহংকার","অহংকারীদের-প্রতি","অহংকারীরা","গর্বিতদের-প্রতি"]·DE["boast","der-arrogant","der-boastful","zu-der-boastful"]·EN["boast","the-arrogant","the-boastful","to-the-boastful"]·FR["dans-louer","le-louer","louer","à-louer"]·heb["ב-הוללים","הוללים","ל-הוללים","תהוללו"]·HI["घमंडियों-से","घमण्डी","ताहोल्लू","ला-होलेलीम"]·ID["kepada-orang-sombong","menyombongkan-diri","orang-sombong"]·IT["gloriarsi"]·jav["dhateng-tiyang-gembira","gembira","tiyang-gumunggung"]·KO["교만하라","교만한-자들-에게","교만한-자들-을","자랑하는-자들-이"]·PT["aos-arrogantes","dos-arrogantes","os-arrogantes","sejais-arrogantes"]·RU["безумные","безумным","безумствуйте","к-безумным"]·ES["a-los-arrogantes","de-los-arrogantes","los-insensatos","seáis-arrogantes"]·SW["kwa-wajisifu","msijisifu","wajisifu","wenye-kiburi"]·TR["övünenler","övünenlere","övünenleri","övünmeyin"]·urd["بِ-ہَ-غروریوں-پر","فخر-کرو","لِ-فخر-کرنے-والوں","گھمنڈی"]
3. make foolish, drive mad (Piel) — Piel causative: to make someone foolish or drive them to madness. God 'makes fools' of diviners by overturning their predictions (Isa 44:25) and leads counselors away 'made foolish' (Job 12:17). Spanish enloquece ('he drives mad') preserves the causative force, while the shift from self-generated boasting to divinely imposed folly marks this as a distinct stem and sense. 2×
AR["يُجَنِّنُ"]·ben["তিনি-বাকা-করেন","পাগল-করি"]·DE["[יהולל]"]·EN["He-makes-fools","he-makes-foolish"]·FR["[יהולל]","louer"]·heb["יהולל"]·HI["पागल-बनाता-है","मूर्ख-बनाता-है"]·ID["Ia-membodohkan","Ia-membuat-gila"]·IT["[יהולל]","lodare"]·jav["Panjenenganipun-ndadosaken-èdan","dados-bodho"]·KO["미치게-하며","미치게-하신다"]·PT["enlouquece"]·RU["делает-глупыми","обезумливающий"]·ES["enloquece","enloquece."]·SW["anawafanya-wapumbavu"]·TR["delirtir","deliye-ceviren"]·urd["پاگل-بناتا-ہے","پاگل-کرنے-والا"]
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† II. [הָלַל] vb. be boastful, Pi. praise (Arabic هَلَّ shout, both in joy & (if conject. of Nö RS be right, v. cit. infr.) in terror; especially ii. in formula of worship; Syriac Pa. ܗܰܥܶܠ cecinit, laudavit; cf. NH הִלּוּל praise, הַלֵּל id., Hallel (ψ 113–118); Aramaic הִילּוּלָא marriage-song, &c.; on Assyrian alâlu, shout for joy, rejoice v. Lyon Sargontexte 66 (Cylinder, l. 36) also…