H1639 H1639
diminish, reduce, subtract; be diminished, be withdrawn; shear, clip hair; restrain, limit, hold back; draw up, pull up
5. draw up, pull up — Piel stem with distinctive physical meaning of drawing or pulling upward; translations consistently use pull/draw vocabulary — eng draws up, hin खींचता है (pulls), arb يسحب (draws/pulls), swa anavuta juu (pulls up), kor 끊어올리신다 (draws up) — semantically distinct from both diminishment and shearing 1×
AR["يَسحَبُ"]·ben["তিনি-টেনে-তোলেন"]·DE["[יגרע]"]·EN["he-draws-up"]·FR["retrancher"]·heb["יגרע"]·HI["खींचता-है"]·ID["Ia menarik"]·IT["egli-draws-su"]·jav["Panjenengan-ipun-narik-munggah"]·KO["그가-끊어올리신다"]·PT["atrai"]·RU["притягивает"]·ES["reduce"]·SW["anavuta-juu"]·TR["çeker"]·urd["وہ کھینچتا ہے"]
▼ 4 more senses below
Senses
1. diminish, reduce, subtract — Qal active: to diminish, reduce, or subtract from a quantity or measure; cross-linguistically consistent with spa disminuir/reducir/quitar, hin घटाना/कम करना, arb نقص/قلّل, kor 줄이다, swa punguza — all denoting active lessening or taking away from a total 11×
AR["أَحْسِمُ","تَحْذِفْ","تَنْقُصُوا","تُنْقِصُوا","وَ-تُقَلِّلُ","وَمِنْهُ","وَنَقَصْتُ","يَسحَبُ","يُنقِصُ"]·ben["আর-কমিয়ে-দিলাম","এবং-হ্রাস-কর","কমাবে","কমাবে।","কমিয়ে-দেব","তিনি-সরিয়ে-নেন","তোমরা-কমাও","বাদ-দেওয়ার","বাদ-দেবে"]·DE["[אגרע]","[ואגרע]","[ותגרע]","[יגרע]","[לגרע]","[תגרע]","du-soll-diminish","du-soll-reduce","er-soll-diminish"]·EN["I-shall-diminish","and-I-diminished","and-diminish","he-shall-diminish","he-withdraws","to-take-away","withhold","you-shall-diminish","you-shall-reduce"]·FR["[אגרע]","[ואגרע]","[תגרע]","et-retrancher","il---diminish","retrancher","tu---reduce","tu-devra-diminish","à-retrancher"]·heb["אגרע","ו-אגרע","ו-תגרע","יגרע","ל-גרוע","תגרע","תגרעו"]·HI["उससे","और-कम-करता-है","और-घटाया-मैंने","कम-करना","कम-करोगē","घटा","घटाएगा","घटाओ","घटाना","मैं-कम-करूंगा","हटाता-है"]·ID["Ia menarik","akan-mengurangi","boleh-kamu-kurangi","dan-Aku-mengurangi","dan-mengurangi","ia kurangi","kamu-kurangi","kamu-mengurangi","yang-dikurangi"]·IT["[אגרע]","[ואגרע]","[תגרע]","e-e-diminish","egli-shall-diminish","egli-withdraws","per-a-take-away","tu-dovra-diminish","tu-shall-reduce"]·jav["Kawula-ngurangi","Panjenengan-ipun-nyingkiraken","kangge-ngurangi","lan-Aku-ngirangi","lan-ngurangi","ngurangi","panjenengan-kenging-ngurangi","panjenengan-sadaya-ngirangi","piyambakipun-badhé-ngurangi.","sami-ngurangi"]·KO["거두신다","그리고-내가-줄였다","그리고-줄이는구나","너희는-감하지-않으리라","덜기를","덮으리라-네가","빼지","줄이라","줄이리라","줄이지"]·PT["diminuas","diminuirei","diminuireis","diminuirá","diminuirás","e-diminuis","e-diminuí","para-diminuir","retirará"]·RU["и-умаляешь","и-уменьшил-Я","отводит","убавить;","убавляй","убавляйте","умалит","уменьшу-я"]·ES["disminuirá","disminuiréis","que-quitar","quita","quitarás","quites","reduciré","y-disminuyes","y-reduje"]·SW["ataondoa","atapunguza","kupunguza","msipunguze","na-nikapunguza","na-unapunguza","nitapunguza","punguza","punguze"]·TR["azaltacaksın","azaltacaksınız","cikarmak","eksilt","eksiltecek","eksilteceksiniz","kıracağım","ve-azalttım","ve-azaltırsın","çekr"]·urd["اور-مَیں-نے-کم-کیا","اور-کم-کرتا-ہے","وہ ہٹاتا","کم-کرو","کم-کرو-گے","کم-کروں-گا","گھٹاؤ","گھٹائے-گا","گھٹانا","گھٹانے-کو"]
2. be diminished, be withdrawn — Nifal passive: to be diminished, deducted, or withdrawn; translations uniformly use passive constructions — spa será quitada/rebajado, hin घटाया जाएगा, arb يُنْقَصُ, swa utapunguzwa/kupunguzwa — indicating the passive counterpart of the core sense, including the nuance of being excluded or deprived (Num 27:4) 7×
AR["نُمْنَعُ","وَ-يُنْقَصُ","وَيُنْقَصُ","يُحْذَفُ","يُنْقَصُ"]·ben["এবং-কমানো-হবে","এবং-হ্রাস-পাবে","কমানো-হচ্ছে","বঞ্চিত-হব","হ্রাস-পাবে","হ্রাস-পাবে।"]·DE["reduced","sollte-sein-withdrawn","sollte-wir-sein-excluded","und-soll-sein-deducted","und-wird-sein-withdrawn","wird-sein-withdrawn"]·EN["and-shall-be-deducted","and-will-be-withdrawn","reduced","should-be-withdrawn","should-we-be-excluded","will-be-withdrawn"]·FR["et-devra-être-deducted","et-fera-être-withdrawn","fera-être-withdrawn","reduced","should-nous-être-excluded","should-être-withdrawn"]·heb["ו-נגרע","ו-נגרעה","יגרע","נגרע"]·HI["और-घटाया जाएगा","कम-होगा","घटाया-जाए","घटाया-जाएगा","तो-घटाया-जाएगा","वंचित-हों"]·ID["dan-berkurang","dari-penilaianmu","dikurangi","dikurangkan","kami-dikurangi"]·IT["dovrebbe-essere-withdrawn","dovrebbe-noi-essere-excluded","e-dovra-essere-deducted","e-fara-essere-withdrawn","fara-essere-withdrawn","reduced"]·jav["dipunkurangi","kawula-sedaya-dipun-kurangi","kawurungaken","kesuda","lan-dipun-suda","lan-dipunkurangi"]·KO["감해지는","그리고-줄어든다","그리고-줄어들것이다","빼앵겨지리요","줄어든다","줄어들겠느냐-우리가"]·PT["diminuído","e-será-diminuída","e-será-reduzido","seremos-diminuídos","será-diminuída","será-tirado"]·RU["будем-лишены","и-убавится","исключится","убавится","убавления"]·ES["disminuido","seremos-disminuidos","será-quitada","será-quitado","y-será-quitada","y-será-rebajado"]·SW["kupunguzwa","liondolewe","na-itapunguzwa","na-utapunguzwa","tunazuiwa","utapunguzwa"]·TR["alıkonulduk","azalacak","azaltılmış","eksilecek","ve-düşürülecek","ve-eksilecek"]·urd["اور-کم-کیا-جائے","اور-گھٹے-گی","کم-ہوگا","کم-ہوں","کٹ-جائے","گھٹے-گی"]
3. shear, clip hair — Qal passive participle describing physical shearing or clipping of hair (Judges 16, Samson narrative); distinctly different vocabulary across all languages — eng shorn/cut-off, spa rapada/cortada, hin कटी हुई, arb مقصوصة/مجزوزة, kor 깎였-, swa zimekatwa — all refer to physical cutting rather than abstract diminishment 2×
AR["مَجْزُوزَةٌ","مَقْصُوصَةٌ"]·ben["কাটা"]·DE["[גרועה]","[גרעה]"]·EN["cut-off","is-shorn"]·FR["[גרועה]","[גרעה]"]·heb["גרועה"]·HI["कटी-हुई"]·ID["dicukur"]·IT["[גרועה]","[גרעה]"]·jav["dipuncukur","dipunpangkas"]·KO["깎였고","깎였도다"]·PT["raspada"]·RU["обрезана","срезана"]·ES["cortada","rapada"]·SW["zimekatwa"]·TR["kesilmis","kesilmişi"]·urd["منڈی-ہوئی","کتری-ہوئی"]
4. restrain, limit, hold back — Qal with sense of restraining or limiting, distinct from numerical reduction; cross-linguistic evidence diverges from the core sense — spa retienes (retain/hold back), hin सीमित की (limited), arb تَحْتَكِرُ (hoard/monopolize), kor 제한하느냐 (restrict), swa unazuia (prevent/block) — indicating restriction or withholding rather than subtraction 1×
AR["وَ-تَحْتَكِرُ"]·ben["এবং-সীমাবদ্ধ-কর"]·DE["[ותגרע]"]·EN["and-you-limit"]·FR["et-retrancher"]·heb["ו-תגרע"]·HI["और-क्या-तूने-सीमित-की"]·ID["dan-engkau-membatasi"]·IT["e-e-you-limit"]·jav["lan-panjenengan-mendhet"]·KO["그리고-제한하느냐"]·PT["e-restringes"]·RU["и-отнимаешь"]·ES["y-retienes"]·SW["na-unazuia"]·TR["ve-sınırlarsın"]·urd["اور-روکتا-ہے-تُو"]
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† [גָּרַע] vb. diminish, restrain, withdraw (NH id., Aramaic גְּרַע, ܓܪܰܥ shave head, etc.; cf. جَرِعَ swallow)— Qal Impf. יִגְרַע Jb 36:7, יִגְרָ֑ע Ex 21:10; 2 ms. תִּגְרַע Dt 13:1 + 3 times; אֶגְרַע Ez 5:11 (but cf. infr.), וָאֶגְרַע Ez 16:27; תִּגְרְעוּ Ex 5:8 + 2 times; Inf. לִגְרֹעַ Ex 3:14; Pt. גְּרוּעָה Is 15:2 (so Baer; v. d. H. גְּדוּעָה v. גדע), גְּרֻעָה Je 48:37;— 1. diminish, usually…