H1443 H1443
To build a wall; to wall in or block a path; to repair a breach -- the full lifecycle of stone boundaries.
A Hebrew verb rooted in the physical world of stone and mortar. In its most literal use, it describes the work of masons -- the 'wall-builders' who repaired the Temple (2 Kgs 12:13; 22:6). God, however, uses walls figuratively: he 'walls in' Job's path so he cannot pass (Job 19:8), and hedges Gomer's way with thorns (Hos 2:6). The same verb also describes mending what is broken -- the 'repairer of the breach' in Isaiah 58:12 and the restoring of David's fallen booth in Amos 9:11. Arabic jadara ('to wall') and Spanish albail ('mason') both point to the concrete construction trade from which the metaphors grow.
Senses
1. build a wall — Constructing or erecting a stone wall, including the substantival participle 'wall-builder, mason' as a recognized trade. The Temple masons in 2 Kings 12:13 and 22:6 are called godrim, and Micah 7:11 envisions a day for building walls. Spanish albail and Arabic jadara both anchor this sense in the masonry trade. 5×
AR["سَادًّا", "وَأَبني", "وَسَيَّجْتُمْ", "وَلِلْبَنَّاءِينَ-بِالْحِجَارَةِ", "وَلِلْبَنَّائِينَ"]·ben["আর-তোমরা-তৈরি-করেছ", "এবং-গাঁথনি-কারিগরদের", "এবং-দেওয়াল-গাঁথুনিদের-জন্য", "এবং-বেড়া-দেব", "তৈরিকারী"]·DE["[גדר]", "[ותגדרו]", "und-umzaeunte", "und-zu-der-Mauer-builders", "und-zu-der-masons"]·EN["and-I-will-build", "and-to-the-masons", "and-to-the-wall-builders", "and-you-built", "building-"]·FR["[גדר]", "[ותגדרו]", "et-je-fermerai", "et-à-le-masons", "et-à-le-muraille-builders"]·heb["גודר", "ו-גדרתי", "ו-ל-גודרים", "ו-תגדרו"]·HI["और-बनाऊँगा", "और-बाँधा", "और-लगोदरीम", "बनानेवाले-", "वे-ल-ह-दीवार-बनानेवालों-को"]·ID["dan-Aku-akan-memasang-tembok", "dan-kamu-membangun", "dan-kepada-tukang-tukang-batu", "dan-kepada-tukang-tukang-tembok", "yang-memperbaiki"]·IT["[גדר]", "[וגדרתי]", "[ותגדרו]", "e-a-il-masons", "e-a-il-muro-costruttori"]·jav["Lan-dhateng-para-tukang-tembok", "ingkang-mbangun-", "lan-Kawula-mbangun-tembok", "lan-dhateng-para-tukang-tembok", "lan-panjenengan-sedaya-yasa"]·KO["그리고-담-쌓는-자들에게", "그리고-세웠다", "그리고-쌓겠다", "그리고-에게-석공들", "쌓는-자를-"]·PT["E-para-os-pedreiros", "construindo", "e-aos-pedreiros", "e-cercarei", "e-construir"]·RU["воздвигающего", "и-каменщикам", "и-огорожу", "и-построили"]·ES["Y-a-los-albañiles", "que-levante", "y-a-los-albañiles", "y-cerrasteis", "y-levantaré"]·SW["anayejenga", "na-kujenga", "na-kwa-waashi", "na-nitajenga"]·TR["inşa-eden", "ve-duvarcclara", "ve-duvarcilara", "ve-duvarı", "ve-öreceğim"]·urd["اور-بند-کیا", "اور-دیوار-بناؤں-گا", "اور-دیوار-بنانے-والوں", "اور-دیوار-بنانے-والوں-کو", "بنانے-والا-"]
2. wall in, block, fence in — Blocking or confining someone by walling in their path -- a powerful metaphor for divine restriction. God 'walls up' Job's road so he cannot pass (Job 19:8) and hems in the suffering man of Lamentations 3:7, 9. The shift from building to confinement is reflected in Swahili -zuia ('to obstruct') alongside -jenga ('to build'). 3×
AR["سَيَّجَ"]·ben["ঘেরাও-দিয়েছেন", "তিনি-বেড়া-দিয়েছেন"]·DE["umzaeunte"]·EN["He-blocked", "He-has-walled-up", "He-walled-me-in"]·FR["clôture", "גדר"]·heb["גדר"]·HI["उसने-बंद-किया", "घेरा", "बन्द-कर-दिया"]·ID["Dia-pagari", "Ia-memagari"]·IT["Egli-has-walled-su", "recintare"]·jav["Panjenengan-ngubengi", "dipunpager"]·KO["그-가-담-으로-막았네", "그-가-담-을-쌀네", "막으셨나니"]·PT["Cercou", "cercou"]·RU["Заградил", "Огородил", "загородил"]·ES["Ha-cercado", "ha-cercado"]·SW["Amenijengea-ukuta", "Amezuia", "ameizuia"]·TR["kapatı", "Çitle-çevirdi"]·urd["بند کی", "روک-دیا", "ڈھانپ-دیا"]
3. repair a breach — Repairing or closing a breach in an existing wall, restoring what has crumbled. Isaiah's 'repairer of the breach' (58:12) and the closing of gaps in David's fallen booth (Amos 9:11) both use this sense. Spanish reparador and Arabic sadda ('to plug, stop up') highlight the restorative rather than original-construction nuance. 2×
AR["سَادُّ", "وَ-أُسَيِّجُ"]·ben["ও-আমি-মেরামত-করব", "মেরামতকারী"]·DE["[גדר]", "und-umzaeunte"]·EN["and-I-will-repair", "repairer-of"]·FR["clôture", "et-je-fermerai"]·heb["גודר", "ו-גדרתי"]·HI["और-बंद-करूँगा", "मरम्मत-करनेवाला"]·ID["pembangun"]·IT["[וגדרתי]", "recintare"]·jav["lan-Kawula-nambal", "tukang-ndandosi"]·KO["고치는-자", "그리고-내가-막으리라"]·PT["e-tapareı", "reparador-de"]·RU["и-заделаю", "починяющий-"]·ES["reparador-de", "y-repararé"]·SW["mkarabati-wa", "na-nitayaziba"]·TR["onarici-", "ve-onaracağım"]·urd["اور-بند-کروں-گا", "بند-کرنے-والا"]
Related Senses
G0846 1. third-person pronoun reference (5552×)H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)H???? 1. (4670×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H6213a 1. do, perform, act (2383×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† גָּדַר vb. wall up or off, build a wall (denom.? NH id. Arabic جَدَرَ and v. גָּדֵר infr.)— Qal Pf. גָּדַר Jb 19:8 + 2 times, וְגָדַרְתִּ֫י Ho 2:8 Am 9:11; Impf. 2 mpl. וַתִּגְדְּרוּ Ez 13:5; Pt. גֹּדֵר Is 58:12 Ez 22:30; pl. גֹּדְרִים 2 K 12:13; 22:6;—wall up, shut off, lit. only Pt., abs. = masons (wall-builders) 2 K 12:13; 22:6; also Is 58:12 (obj. פֶּרֶץ); fig. of Yahweh’s dealings with…