H1442 H1442
To blaspheme, revile — speaking with contempt against God or reproaching others (Piel only)
A verb used exclusively in the Piel stem (גִּדֵּף), meaning to revile or blaspheme — to speak with cutting contempt, whether against God or against people. The Arabic cognate جَدَفَ ('to cut, cut off') reveals the metaphorical origin: blasphemy as verbal violence that severs the bond of reverence. In Numbers 15:30, the one who acts 'with a high hand' blasphemes the LORD and is cut off from Israel. In 2 Kings 19:22 (= Isa 37:23), Hezekiah quotes God rebuking Sennacherib: 'Whom have you reviled and blasphemed?'
Senses
1. to blaspheme, revile — To revile or blaspheme, speaking contemptuously against God or reproaching fellow humans. In Numbers 15:30, the deliberate sinner 'blasphemes the LORD' (מְגַדֵּף, participial) and must be cut off. Sennacherib's arrogance is condemned with this verb in 2 Kings 19:6, 22 and its parallel Isaiah 37:6, 23, paired with חֵרֵף ('to reproach'). Between humans, Psalm 44:17 describes the voice of one who 'reproaches and reviles' (מְחָרֵף וּמְגַדֵּף). Ezekiel 20:27 adds a further accusation of blasphemy against God. Spanish blasfemar directly mirrors the theological weight of this term. 7×
AR["جَدَّفَ", "جَدَّفُوا", "وَ-جَدَّفْتَ", "وَالمُجَدِّفِ", "وَجَدَّفْتَ", "يُجَدِّفُ"]·ben["এবং-নিন্দা-করেছ", "ও-অপমান-করেছ", "ও-ঈশ্বরনিন্দুকের", "নিন্দা-করছে", "নিন্দা-করেছে", "পিতারা-তোমাদের"]·DE["[גדפו]", "[וגדפת]", "blasphemed", "blaspheming", "und-blaspheme", "und-reviles"]·EN["and-against-whom", "and-blaspheme", "and-reviles", "blasphemed", "blaspheming", "have-blasphemed"]·FR["[גדפו]", "[וגדפת]", "blasphemed", "blaspheming", "blasphémer", "et-blaspheme", "et-de-blasphémer"]·heb["גידפו", "ו-גידפת", "ו-מגדף", "מגדף"]·HI["और-तिरस्कार-किया-तूने", "और-निन्दा-करनेवाले-की", "और-निन्दा-की", "निंदा-की", "निन्दा-करता-है", "निन्दा-की"]·ID["dan-kamu-hujat", "dan-menghujat", "menghujat"]·IT["[גדפו]", "[וגדפת]", "[ומגדף]", "blasphemed", "blaspheming", "e-blaspheme"]·jav["lan-ing", "lan-ngala-ala", "lan-panjenengan-nistha", "ngina", "nyacad", "nyacad-Kawula", "nyepèlèkaken"]·KO["그리고-네가-모독했는가", "그리고-모독하는-자-의", "그리고-모독하였느냐", "모독한", "모독한다", "모욕하였다", "모욕했다"]·PT["blasfemando", "blasfemaram", "e-blasfema", "e-blasfemaste"]·RU["Меня", "и-злословящего", "и-хулил", "и-хулил-ты", "хулили", "хулит"]·ES["blasfema", "blasfemaron", "y-blasfemaste", "y-blasfemaste?", "y-el-que-injuria"]·SW["anamkashifu", "na-anayetukana", "na-kumkashifu", "na-kumkufuru", "walikufuru", "walinikufuru", "walinitukana"]·TR["kufrettiler", "küfretti", "küfür-ediyor", "ve-kufrettin", "ve-küfredenın", "ve-küfrettin"]·urd["اور-برا-بھلا-کہا-تو-نے", "اور-کفر-بکا", "اور-کفر-بکنے-والے-کی", "برا-بھلا-کہا", "کفر-بکا", "کفر-کرنے-والا"]
Related Senses
H0559 1. say, speak, tell (5297×)G3004 1. say, tell, speak (2226×)H1696 1. speak, say, tell (Piel) (1105×)H7121 1. call, summon, name (575×)H6680 1. command, order, charge (483×)H6030b 1. answer, respond, reply (289×)G2980 1. speak, talk (277×)H5046 1. Hifil: to tell, report (237×)G0611 1. answer or respond verbally (232×)H1288 1. Piel: bless, invoke blessing (227×)H7650 1. swear, take an oath (Niphal) (154×)H3789 1. Qal passive participle: written, recorded (112×)H1984b 1. praise, laud (Piel) (111×)H7592 1. ask, inquire, question (96×)H3034 1. give thanks, praise (Hifil) (94×)G1321 1. teach, instruct actively (92×)H3789 2. Qal active: write, compose (89×)G1125 1. to write, compose (a letter or document) (84×)H5046 2. Hifil: to declare, proclaim (79×)H7892a 1. song, musical composition (78×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† [גָּדַף] vb. only Pi. revile, blaspheme (NH גָּדַף cut, wound, then (especially Pi.) revile; Arabic جَدَفَ cut, cut off, ii. deny a favour, be ungrateful, etc.; Aramaic Pa. גַּדֵּף, ܓܰܕܶܦ, revile)—Pf. 2 ms. וְגִדַּפְתָּ 2 K 19:22 = Is 37:23; 3 pl. גִּדְּפוּ 2 K 19:6 = Is 37:6; Pt. מְגַדֵּף Nu 15:30 ψ 44:17;— 1. revile, between man and man, (abs.) קוֹל מְחָרֵף וּמְגַדֵּף ψ 44:17 the voice of…