ὑπόδημ-α G5266
Sandal, shoe — basic footwear of the ancient Near East; symbol of servile humility and sacred ground
The noun ὑπόδημα (hypodema) denotes a sandal or shoe, the standard footwear of the biblical world. Its theological weight far exceeds its humble material form. John the Baptist declares himself unworthy to 'carry' or 'untie' the sandals of the Coming One (Matt 3:11; Mark 1:7; Luke 3:16; John 1:27; Acts 13:25) — since removing sandals was the task of the lowest slave. Jesus sends out the Twelve without extra sandals (Matt 10:10; Luke 10:4), symbolizing radical dependence on God. At the burning bush, Moses is told to remove his sandals on holy ground (Acts 7:33, echoing Exod 3:5). Spanish 'sandalias/calzado' and French 'sandales' preserve the everyday-yet-symbolic character.
Senses
1. sandal, footwear — A sandal or shoe — basic leather footwear strapped to the foot — carrying symbolic weight in three domains: servile humility (John the Baptist unworthy to carry/untie Jesus' sandals, Matt 3:11; Mark 1:7; Acts 13:25), missionary dependence (the Twelve sent without extra sandals, Matt 10:10; Luke 10:4; 22:35), and sacred encounter (Moses removing sandals on holy ground, Acts 7:33). The prodigal son receives sandals as a sign of restored sonship (Luke 15:22). Spanish 'sandalias' and German 'Schuhe/Sandalen' both capture the ordinary item that Scripture repeatedly loads with theological meaning. 10×
AR["أَحذِيَةً", "أَحْذِيَةٍ", "أَحْمِلَ-حِذَاءَهُ", "حِذاءَ", "حِذَاءً", "حِذَائِهِ", "نَعْلَ", "نِعالاً"]·ben["জুতা", "জুতার", "জুতো"]·DE["Sandale", "Schuhe"]·EN["sandal", "sandals"]·FR["chaussure", "sandale"]·heb["נְעָלַיִם", "נְעָלָיו", "נַעֲלֵי", "נַעֲלוֹ", "נַעַל", "סַנְדָּלָיו", "סַנְדָלִים"]·HI["के", "जूतियों-को", "जूती", "जूते", "जूते-का।", "जूतों-के"]·ID["alas-kaki", "itu", "kasut", "kasut-kasut", "kasut.", "sandal"]·IT["sandalo", "scarpa"]·jav["sandhal", "sepatu", "sepatu,", "sepatunipun", "srandhal,", "trumpah", "trumpah."]·KO["신들-을", "신들-의", "신발", "신발-을", "신발-의", "신발들-의", "신발을", "신을"]·PT["sandália", "sandália.", "sandálias"]·RU["обуви", "обувь", "сандалии", "сандалий"]·ES["calzado", "sandalia", "sandalias"]·SW["kiatu", "viatu", "viatu,"]·TR["ayakkabı", "ayakkabılar", "ayakkabılarını", "ayakkabılarının", "sandalet", "sandaletini", "sandallarının", "sandalını", "çarıklar"]·urd["جوتوں", "جوتوں-کے", "جوتی", "جوتی۔", "جوتے"]
Related Senses
H2719 1. sword, weapon of war (410×)H4196 1. altar (place of sacrifice) (403×)H7393 1. chariot, chariotry (117×)H7198 1. bow (weapon) (72×)H7979 1. table (71×)H7782 1. ram's horn trumpet (69×)H4294 2. staff, rod, scepter (63×)H4043 1. shield, defensive weapon (60×)H0646 1. ephod (priestly garment) (49×)H8504 1. blue (violet-blue yarn/fabric) (49×)H2595 1. spear, lance (48×)H2671 1. arrow, projectile weapon (46×)H4818 1. chariot, war-chariot (44×)H3658 1. lyre, harp (stringed instrument) (42×)H1537 1. Gilgal (place name) (41×)H0713 1. purple (fabric/dye) (38×)H0905 3. poles, staves (37×)H7392 1. Qal participle: rider, charioteer (37×)H4501 1. cultic lampstand (menorah) (36×)H0212 1. wheel (35×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
ὑπόδημ-α, ατος, τό, (ὑποδέω) sole bound under the foot with straps, sandal, ποσὶν.. ὑποδήματα δοῦσα Refs 8th c.BC+; whereas ὑπόδημα κοῖλον is a shoe or half-boot, which covered the whole foot (see. κοῖλος 1.1); ὑπόδημα is sometimes used alone in this sense,Refs 5th c.BC+; εἰς ὑποδήματα γράφειν put down as paid for shoes, Refs 5th c.BC+; δεξιὸν εἰς ὑ., ἀριστερὸν εἰς ποδάνιπτρα, of one who is ready…