Ῥωμ-αῖος G4514
Rhōmaios -- Roman; a citizen or subject of Rome, used as adjective and substantive
The adjective Rhōmaios ('Roman'), almost always substantivized, designates a person holding Roman citizenship or belonging to the Roman political order. It appears in two dramatic registers. Politically, the Jewish leaders fear that Jesus' movement will provoke Rome: 'the Romans will come and take away both our place and our nation' (John 11:48). Legally, Paul twice invokes his Roman citizenship to halt illegal punishment (Acts 16:37-38; 22:25-29), and the Roman tribune Lysias claims he purchased his citizenship for a large sum (Acts 22:28). The word also names the audience of Paul's letter in Acts 2:10, visitors from Rome among the Pentecost crowd. Spanish romano, French Romain, and German Roemer render it as a single ethnic-legal designation throughout.
Senses
1. Roman, a Roman citizen — A Roman citizen or member of the Roman political order, used of individuals asserting legal citizenship (Paul in Acts 16:37; 22:25-29), collective political entities feared by Jewish leaders (John 11:48), and Roman legal customs (Acts 25:16). Spanish romano, French Romain, and German Roemer confirm one undifferentiated ethno-political designation. 12×
AR["رومانٌ", "رومانُ", "رومانِيّينَ", "رُومَانُ", "رُومَانِيًّا", "رُومَانِيٌّ", "رُومَانِيُّونَ", "لِلرُّومَانِ"]·ben["রোমীয়", "রোমীয়দের", "রোমীয়রা"]·DE["Roemer", "Römer"]·EN["Rhōmaioi", "Romans", "a-Roman", "of-Romans"]·FR["Romain"]·heb["רוֹמְאִים", "רוֹמִי", "רוֹמִיִּים", "רוֹמִיים", "רוֹמִים", "רוֹמָאִים"]·HI["रोमियोंकी", "रोमियोंके,", "रोमी", "रोमी-जो"]·ID["Roma", "Romawi", "orang-Roma", "orang-Roma;", "orang-Romawi", "orang-Romawi,"]·IT["Romano", "romaioi"]·jav["Rum", "tiyang-Roma", "tiyang-Roma,", "tiyang-Roma;", "tiyang-Rum", "tiyang-Rum,"]·KO["로마-사람들이어서", "로마-시민", "로마-시민들이다", "로마-시민을", "로마-시민이냐", "로마-시민인", "로마인", "로마인들-의", "로마인들에게는", "로마인들이"]·PT["Romanos", "dos-romanos", "romanos", "romanos,"]·RU["Римлян", "Римлян,", "Римлянам", "Римляне", "Римляне;", "римлянам", "римлянин", "римлянина"]·ES["Rhōmaîoi", "de-romanos", "romano", "romanos"]·SW["Mrumi", "Warumi", "kwa-Warumi"]·TR["Romalı", "Romalılar", "Romalılara"]·urd["رومی", "رومیوں", "رومیوں-کا"]
Related Senses
H5971a 1. people, nation (1836×)H5973a 1. accompaniment, together with (956×)H0854 1. with (accompaniment) (665×)H1471a 1. nations, peoples (plural/collective) (466×)G3326 1. with (368×)H1285 1. covenant, pact, treaty (284×)G2453 1. Jewish person, Jew (194×)H4150 1. meeting (tent of meeting) (151×)G2992 1. people/nation (an ethnic or political community) (142×)G4862 1. (129×)G1484 1. Gentiles, non-Jewish nations (128×)H1471a 2. nation, people-group (singular) (98×)H3162b 1. together (97×)H1616 1. sojourner, resident alien (92×)H0567 1. Amorite (people group) (87×)H3064 1. Jew, Jewish person (81×)H3669a 1. Canaanite (ethnic designation) (70×)G1122 1. scribe / expert in the Law (63×)H2114a 1. stranger, foreigner (person) (54×)H5608b 1. scribe, royal secretary (48×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
Ῥωμ-αῖος, α, ον, a Roman, Refs 2nd c.BC+; τὰ Ῥωμαῖα ludi Romani, Refs 2nd c.AD+