πτῶσις G4431
a fall, downfall, or collapse, whether literal or metaphorical
A noun denoting falling or ruin. In Matthew 7:27, it describes the great crash of the foolish builder's house when storms strike—the fall was great. In Luke 2:34, Simeon prophesies that Jesus is destined for the fall and rising of many in Israel. One use is literal (building collapse), the other metaphorical (spiritual ruin for those who reject Messiah). Both involve catastrophic descent.
Senses
1. sense 1 — The evidence ('fall,' 'caída,' 'chute') converges on downfall. Matthew 7:27 uses it for the house built on sand collapsing utterly, while Luke 2:34 applies it to the ruin of those who stumble over Christ. The term's literal and figurative senses both convey disaster—whether architectural failure or spiritual rejection that leads to judgment. 2×
AR["سُقوطُهُ", "سُقُوطِ"]·ben["পতন", "পতনে"]·DE["πτῶσιν", "πτῶσις"]·EN["fall"]·FR["chute"]·heb["מַפָּלָה", "נְפִילָה"]·HI["गिरने", "पतन"]·ID["keruntuhan", "untuk"]·IT["caduta"]·jav["ambruking", "dhawah"]·KO["넘어짐-과", "무너짐"]·PT["queda"]·RU["падение"]·ES["caída"]·SW["anguko", "kuanguka"]·TR["düşüşü", "çöküşü"]·urd["بربادی", "گرنے"]
Related Senses
H4421 1. war, battle, armed conflict (319×)H0341 1. enemy, adversary, foe (284×)H3898a 1. Nifal: to fight, wage war (167×)H2026 1. kill, slay (active) (146×)H2451 1. wisdom, discernment (146×)H5483b 1. horse (the animal) (138×)H0006 1. to perish, be destroyed (105×)H7843 1. Hifil: destroy, annihilate (83×)H2491a 1. slain, fatally pierced (74×)H6862c 1. adversary, enemy, foe (69×)H8045 1. destroy, exterminate (69×)G0615 1. kill, put to death (60×)H6571b 1. horseman, cavalryman (52×)H8077a 1. desolation, waste (abstract state) (52×)G4678 1. of wisdom (51×)G4717 1. crucify, fasten to a cross (46×)H2763a 1. utterly destroy (Hifil active) (44×)G0622 1. perish, be destroyed (intransitive) (41×)H0006 2. to destroy, annihilate (Piel) (38×)H8074 1. be desolate, lie waste (36×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
πτῶσις, εως, ἡ, (πίπτω, πέ-πτωκα) falling, fall, κύβων Refs 5th c.BC+: absolutely, calamity, ἐν καιρῷ πτώσεως LXX+5th c.AD+; death, Refs 6th c.AD+ __II Grammars, mode or modification of a word, Refs 4th c.BC+; applied to cases, including nominative,Refs: to superlative of adjectives, Refs: so by the Stoics to variety of flexion, Refs., title of work by Chrysipp.,Refs 2nd c.BC+; κατὰ μίαν πτῶσιν…