πορφύρ-εος G4210
Purple, purple-colored; describing garments or cloth dyed with costly purple dye.
The adjective form corresponding to the noun porphyra, describing something dyed or colored purple. In John's passion account, the soldiers place a purple robe on Jesus (John 19:2, 5), paralleling Mark's use of the noun. Revelation employs it to describe the great prostitute's clothing (Rev 17:4) and Babylon's luxurious array (Rev 18:16). As an adjective, it modifies garments and textiles, always evoking imperial or extravagant splendor -- whether genuinely royal or grotesquely parodied.
Senses
1. sense 1 — Purple-colored, dyed purple -- describing garments or fabrics of the costly Tyrian purple. John 19:2 and 19:5 use it for the robe placed on Jesus in mockery, while Revelation 17:4 and 18:16 apply it to the opulent attire of symbolic Babylon. German 'purpurn' and French 'de pourpre' both function as adjectives modifying luxury textiles. Paired with the noun form (G4209), this adjective completes the NT's consistent association of purple with power, wealth, and their ironic unmasking in the gospel narrative. 4×
AR["أُرجُوانًا", "أُرْجُوانًا", "أُرْجُوَانِيًّا", "الْأُرْجُوَانِيَّ"]·ben["বেগুনি"]·DE["purpurn"]·EN["in-purple", "purple"]·FR["de-pourpre"]·heb["אַרְגָּמָן"]·HI["बैंगनी"]·ID["kain-ungu", "ungu"]·IT["porphuroun", "porpora"]·jav["wungu"]·KO["자주색", "자주색과"]·PT["purpúreo", "púrpura"]·RU["багряной", "багряную", "в-пурпур", "пурпур"]·ES["púrpura"]·SW["la-zambarau", "zambarau", "zambarau,"]·TR["mor"]·urd["ارغوانی"]
Related Senses
H2719 1. sword, weapon of war (410×)H4196 1. altar (place of sacrifice) (403×)H7393 1. chariot, chariotry (117×)H7198 1. bow (weapon) (72×)H7979 1. table (71×)H7782 1. ram's horn trumpet (69×)H4294 2. staff, rod, scepter (63×)H4043 1. shield, defensive weapon (60×)H0646 1. ephod (priestly garment) (49×)H8504 1. blue (violet-blue yarn/fabric) (49×)H2595 1. spear, lance (48×)H2671 1. arrow, projectile weapon (46×)H4818 1. chariot, war-chariot (44×)H3658 1. lyre, harp (stringed instrument) (42×)H1537 1. Gilgal (place name) (41×)H0713 1. purple (fabric/dye) (38×)H0905 3. poles, staves (37×)H7392 1. Qal participle: rider, charioteer (37×)H4501 1. cultic lampstand (menorah) (36×)H0212 1. wheel (35×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
πορφύρ-εος, η, ον, Attic dialect πορφῠροῦς, ᾶ, οῦν, Aeolic dialect πορφύριος Refs 7th c.BC+; -ύριος also in Refs 1st c.BC+: __I in Refs 8th c.BC+ __I.1 of the sea (compare πορφύρω), heaving, surging, [χαράδραι] ἐς.. ἅλα πορφυρέην μεγάλα στενάχουσι ὁέουσαι Refs 8th c.BC+; θάλασσα Alc. [prev. cited] __I.2 of blood, gushing, αἵματι δὲ χθὼν δεύετο π. Refs 8th c.BC+; so, π. θάνατος onrushing death, of…