Purple Fabric Dye

תְּכֵ֫לֶת48 n.f. violet, i.e. violet thread and stuff; 𝔊; usually ὑάκινθος, ὑακίνθινος; v. ThatcherHast.DB Colours (NH = BH; 𝔗 תִּכְלָא, תַּכְלָא, תְּכֵילְתָּא);— 1. violet thread (spun, Ex 35:25; woven, 39:3): a. in Ex (P) of hangings of tabern., ephod, etc., ת׳ + אַרְגָּמָן, תּוֹלַעַת שָׁנִי (q.v.; often also שֵׁשׁ, זהב), Ex 25:4; 26:1; 28:5, 6; 28:33; 35:25 + 20 times; of temple hangings (+ אַרְגָּמָן, אַרְגְּוָן, כַּרְמִיל, בּוּץ) 2 Ch 2:6, 13, 14; loops or cords of ת׳ (alone) Ex 26:4; 28:28, 31, 37; 36:11; 39:21, 22, 31; Nu 15:38 (all P). b. palace hangings in Shushan, + חוּר Est 1:6. †2. violet stuff, fabric; לְבוּשֵׁי ת׳ Ez 23:6, גְּלוֹמֵי ת׳ וְרִקְמָה 27:24; ת׳ וְאַרְגָּמָן לְבוּשָׁם Je 10:9; also in trade Ez 27:7 (+ אַרְגָּמָן, שֵׁשׁ בְּרִקְמָה), cf. בֶּגֶד ת׳ for covering sacred utensils Nu 4:6, 7, 9, 11, 12 (P).

† אַרְגָּמָן n.[m.] purple, red-purple, i.e. purple thread & cloth (Assyrian argamannu COT Ex 25:4, Arabic أَرْجَوَانٌ, Aramaic ܐܰܪܓܘܳܢܳܐ, cf. אַרְגְּוָן supr.; etym. dub.; possibly Skr. râgaman, adj. red, reddish, from râga, red colour, so Benary cf. Thes Add 111 RobGes; vid. MV; Thes earlier, from רגם; but prob. loan-word, cf. also LagBN 205; Pers. ارغوان is also cited by PS)—form always as above— 1. purple thread, cf. especially Ex 35:25; 39:3; Est 1:6; a. mostly Ex (P) with ref. to the hangings of tabernacle, the ephod, etc.; seld. alone; c. תְּכֵלֶת, violet (q.v.), תּוֹלַעַת שָׁנִי, (מָשְׁזָר) שֵׁשׁ, (also עִזִּים) Ex 25:4; 26:1, 31, 36; 27:16; 35:6, 25, 35; 36:8, 35, 37; 38:18, 23; 39:24 (on text v. Di) v 29; with these + זָהָב 28:5, 6, 8, 15; 39:2, 3, 5, 8; om. שֵׁשׁ מ׳ 28:33; 39:1; also of temple-hangings, with תְּכֵלֶת, בּוּץ & כַּרְמִיל 2 Ch 3:14; cf. 2:13 (v. also 2:6 v. sub אַרְגְּוָן). b. as indicating wealth & luxury of Tyre, c. שֵׁשׁ, רִקְמָה, תְּכֵלֶת Ez 27:7; c. רִקְמָה & בּוּץ v 16 (as articles of commerce); also in Persia, c. בּוּץ Est 1:6. 2. purple cloth, chiefly of garments, בֶּגֶד א׳ Nu 4:13; Ju 8:26; וְתַכְרִיךְ בּוּץ וְא׳ Est 8:15, שֵׁשׁ וְא׳ לְבוּשָׁהּ Pr 31:22; תְּכֵלֶת וְא׳ לְבוּשָׁם Je 10:9; also מֶרְכָּבוֹ א׳ Ct 3:10; in simile, of woman’s hair Ct 7:6.

πορφύρ-α [ῠ], Ionic dialect πορφύρ-η, ἡ, purple-fish, Murex trunculus and Purpura haemastoma, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II purple dye obtained from it, Refs 7th c.BC+; used as an application, βρέξαντες ἐν [τῷ νάρδῳ] τὴν π. ἐπιτιθέναι Refs 4th c.AD+ __III ={πορφυρίς} 1, Refs 1st c.AD+: in plural, cloths of purple, πορφύρας πατῶν Refs 4th c.BC+: collectively in singular, κωμῳδοῖς.. πορφύραν εἰσφέρων, ὥσπερ οἱ Μεγαρεῖς Refs 4th c.BC+ __IV purple stripe or other adornment of a garment, τῆς σκιᾶς τὴν π. πρῶτον ἐνυφαίνουσ᾽, εἶτα μετὰ τὴν π. τοῦτ᾽ ἔστιν οὔτε λευκὸν οὔτε π. ἀλλ᾽ ὥσπερ αὐγὴ τῆς κρόκης κεκραμένη Refs 4th c.BC+; π. πλατεῖα, = Latin latus clavus, Refs 4th c.BC+; π. alone, Refs __V metaphorically, σελήνη οὐρανοῦ π. Refs 2nd c.AD+

πορφύρ-εος, η, ον, Attic dialect πορφῠροῦς, ᾶ, οῦν, Aeolic dialect πορφύριος Refs 7th c.BC+; -ύριος also in Refs 1st c.BC+: __I in Refs 8th c.BC+ __I.1 of the sea (compare πορφύρω), heaving, surging, [χαράδραι] ἐς.. ἅλα πορφυρέην μεγάλα στενάχουσι ὁέουσαι Refs 8th c.BC+; θάλασσα Alc. [prev. cited] __I.2 of blood, gushing, αἵματι δὲ χθὼν δεύετο π. Refs 8th c.BC+; so, π. θάνατος onrushing death, of death in battle, Refs 5th c.AD+ __I.3 of the rainbow, Refs 8th c.BC+; perhaps lurid. __II purple, of stuff, cloths, etc., π. φᾶρος Refs 8th c.BC+; σπάργανα, πτερά, Refs 5th c.BC+; χλανίς, χιτών, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 of human complexion, bright-red, rosy, flushing, π. Ἀφροδίτη Refs 6th c.BC+; χείλη Refs __II.3 purple-clad, in purple, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II.4 neuter plural πορφυρᾶ purple colour or purple spots, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II.5 πορφυροῦν (i.e. ἄνθος), τό, Woodfordia floribunda (an Indian shrub), Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.6 adverb -ῶς, στύφειν mordant for purple, Refs

† [אַרְגְּוָן] n.m. purple, red-purple (BH id., אַרְגָּמָן);—emph. אַרְגְּוָנָא Dn 5:7, 16, 29.

πορφῠρο-πώλης, ου, ὁ, dealer in purple, Refs: feminine πορφῠρό-πωλις, ιδος, NT+4th c.AD+:—hence πορφῠρο-πωλική (i.e. τέχνη), ἡ, their trade, Refs 1st c.AD+

ὑᾰκίνθῐνος [ῠ], η, ον, hyacinthine, ἄνθος Refs 8th c.BC+; φύλλα Refs 3rd c.BC+; blue, θώρακες NT+1st c.AD+; lana, Codex Just.Refs; λίθοι Refs 5th c.AD+

† אַרְגְּוָן n.[m.] purple (of Aramaic form, cf. Dn 5:7, 16, 29; perhaps text error) = purple thread 2 Ch 2:6; (+ כַּרְמִ��ל וּתְכֵלֶת), cf. 2:13; 3:14 sub אַרְגָּמָן.