καταδῐκ-άζω G2613
To condemn, pronounce guilty, pass judicial sentence against someone.
Katadikazo is a legal term meaning to give judgment against a person, to condemn or pass sentence. In the NT, Jesus uses it powerfully in both warning and invitation: 'by your words you will be condemned' (Matt 12:37), and 'do not condemn, and you will not be condemned' (Luke 6:37). He also challenges the Pharisees that if they had understood mercy, they would not have condemned the guiltless (Matt 12:7). Paul's accusers before Festus seek a formal verdict of condemnation against him (Acts 25:15). James uses the related noun form to accuse the rich of condemning the righteous (Jas 5:6). The kata- prefix intensifies the basic idea of judging, giving it the force of a decisive adverse ruling.
Senses
1. condemn, pass sentence against — To pronounce a guilty verdict or pass sentence against someone, whether in a formal legal proceeding or a moral judgment. The kata- prefix (down, against) intensifies dikazo (to judge), yielding the sense of ruling decisively against the accused. Jesus employs the word both as warning -- careless words will bring condemnation (Matt 12:37) -- and as exhortation to mercy: 'Do not condemn, and you will not be condemned' (Luke 6:37). It also appears in formal judicial contexts (Acts 25:15). Spanish 'condenar' and French 'condamner' preserve the Latin-rooted courtroom gravity of the term. 6×
AR["تُحكَموا", "تُحكِموا", "تُدَانُ", "حَكَمتُم-عَلى", "حَكَمتُم-عَلَى", "حُكْمًا"]·ben["দণ্ডাজ্ঞা", "দণ্ডিত-করেছো", "দন্ড-দিতে", "দন্ডিত-হবে", "দোষী-কর", "দোষী-হবে"]·DE["verurteilen", "καταδίκην", "καταδικάζετε", "καταδικασθήσῃ", "καταδικασθῆτε", "κατεδικάσατε"]·EN["condemn", "condemnation", "will-you-be-condemned", "you-condemned", "you-have-condemned", "you-will-be-condemned"]·FR["condamner"]·heb["הִרְשַׁעְתֶּם", "הַרְשָׁעָה", "תֵּרָשַׁע", "תַּרְשִׁיעוּ", "תֻרְשַׁעוּ"]·HI["दंड;", "दोशि-थह्रअते", "दोशि-थह्रअय-जअयेग", "दोषी-ठहराए-जाओगे", "दोषी-ठहराओ", "दोषी-ठहराया"]·ID["dihukum", "hukuman;", "kalian-dihukum", "kamu-menghukum", "kamu-menghukum,", "menghukum"]·IT["condannare", "katadikasthese", "katadikasthete", "katadikazete", "katedikasate"]·jav["dipun-ukum", "ngukum", "panjenengan-badhé-kapatrapan.", "panjenengan-ngukum,", "panjenengan-sampun-ngukum", "paukuman;"]·KO["유죄-판결을", "정죄-받을-것이다", "정죄하라", "정죄하였다,", "정죄하지", "정죄함을-받으리라"]·PT["condenação;"]·RU["будете-осуждены", "вы-осудили,", "осудили", "осуждайте", "осуждения", "осуждён-будешь"]·ES["condena", "condenasteis", "condenéis", "habríais-condenado", "serás-condenado", "seréis-condenados"]·SW["hukumu", "mmemhukumu", "msilaumu", "mtalaumiwa", "utahukumiwa.", "wahukumu"]·TR["mahkum-edileceksin", "mahkum-etmezdiniz", "mahkumiyet", "mahkûm-edileceksiniz.", "mahkûm-etmeyin,", "mahkûm-ettiniz"]·urd["سزا", "مجرم-ٹھہراتے", "مجرم-ٹھہرایا٬", "مجرم-ٹھہرے-گا", "چھوڑے-جاؤ-گے", "ہرگز-نہیں"]
Related Senses
H4941 1. justice, righteousness (134×)H4941 2. judgment, judicial decision (119×)H4941 3. ordinances, statutes (plural) (110×)H8199 1. to judge, adjudicate (98×)G2919 1. judge, pass judgment (76×)H8199 2. judge (person, office-holder) (61×)G2920 1. judgment / condemnation (48×)H7378 1. Qal: quarrel, contend, strive (42×)H4941 4. prescribed ordinance, regulation (34×)G1832 1. it is lawful, it is permitted (32×)G2917 1. judgment, condemnation (27×)G2919 2. be judged, stand trial (27×)H5360 1. vengeance, retribution (27×)H7378 2. Qal: plead, defend, litigate (22×)G2723 1. accuse, bring charges against (20×)G2923 1. judge (one who judges/decides) (19×)G2632 1. condemn, pass judgment against (18×)H1777 1. judge, adjudicate (18×)H1576 1. recompense, retribution (17×)H5359 1. vengeance, retribution (17×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
καταδῐκ-άζω, give judgement or sentence against a person, condemn, opposed to ἀποδικάζω:—Constr.: with genitive person et accusative of things, κ. τινὸς θάνατον Refs 5th c.BC+; τὴν διπλασίαν (i.e. ζημίαν) Legal cited in Refs 4th c.BC+: with genitive person et infinitive, κ. σεαυτοῦ τὰ ἔσχατα παθεῖν Refs 5th c.BC+:—middle, get sentence given against a person, δίκην καταδικάσασθαί τινος Refs 5th…