ζιζάνιον G2215
Darnel or tares; a weed (Lolium temulentum) resembling wheat, used in Jesus' parable of the wheat and weeds.
A botanical term for darnel (Lolium temulentum), a poisonous weed that closely mimics wheat in its early growth stages — indistinguishable until the heads form. All eight New Testament occurrences fall within Jesus' parable of the wheat and tares (Matt 13:24–30, 36–43), making it one of the most narrowly distributed nouns in the Greek Testament. The parable's power depends on the biological reality: darnel's roots intertwine with wheat, making premature removal destructive. Spanish cizaña (which has entered everyday language meaning 'discord') and French ivraie (from Latin ebriaca, 'intoxicating') both preserve the agricultural specificity and hint at the weed's toxic properties.
Senses
1. sense 1 — Darnel or tares (Lolium temulentum), a toxic weed that closely resembles wheat during its growing phase. Confined entirely to Jesus' parable in Matt 13:25–40, where an enemy sows ζιζάνια among the wheat at night. The servants discover them only after both have sprouted (v. 26), and the master forbids uprooting them lest the wheat be destroyed (v. 29) — a detail grounded in the botanical fact that darnel roots entangle with wheat. The allegorical interpretation (vv. 36–43) identifies the weeds as 'sons of the evil one.' The Sumerian cognate zizân ('wheat') ironically highlights how the weed mimics the very grain it corrupts. 8×
AR["زُوَانًا", "زُوَانٌ", "زُوَانَ", "زُوَانُ", "زُوَانِ"]·ben["আগাছা", "আগাছার"]·DE["Unkraut"]·EN["weeds"]·FR["ivraie"]·heb["זוּנִין"]·HI["जनग्लेए-बेएज", "जनग्लेए-बेएज-के", "जनग्लेए-बेएज-को"]·ID["lalang"]·IT["zizzania"]·jav["suket-ala", "suket-ala,", "suket-ala.", "suket-ala?"]·KO["가라지가", "가라지는", "가라지를", "가라지의"]·PT["joio"]·RU["плевелов", "плевелы"]·ES["cizaña", "cizaña?"]·SW["-wa-magugu", "magugu"]·TR["deliceotu", "deliceotunu", "deliceotunun"]·urd["جنگلی-دانا", "جنگلی-دانہ", "جنگلی-دانے-کو", "جنگلی-دانے-کی"]
Related Senses
H3754 1. vineyard, cultivated grape plot (92×)H0730 1. cedar tree or wood (73×)H1612 1. vine, grapevine (55×)H3293a 1. forest, wood, thicket (55×)H5560 1. fine flour (53×)H5193 1. plant vegetation (48×)H2232 1. sow seed, plant crops (41×)H1715 1. grain, cereal crop (40×)H7114b 1. reap, harvest grain (36×)H2132 1. olive tree (34×)H8184 1. barley (34×)H2406 1. wheat (grain crop) (30×)H7070 1. reed, cane (plant) (30×)H7848 1. acacia (28×)H8328 1. root of a plant (28×)H8384 1. fig tree (25×)H5488 1. reeds, rushes (in 'Sea of Reeds') (24×)G0290 1. a vineyard (23×)G2325 1. reap, harvest a crop (21×)G4687 1. sow seed, plant (21×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
ζιζάνιον, τό, a weed that grows in wheat, ={αἶρα} 11, probably darnel, Lolium temulentum, NT. (Cf. Sumer. zizân 'wheat'.)