εὐχᾰριστ-έω G2168
To give thanks, express gratitude; rarely passive: to be thanked or received with thanksgiving
From εὖ ('well') and χαρίζομαι ('to show favor'), this verb is the standard New Testament word for giving thanks, appearing in contexts from table blessings to doxological prayers. Jesus gives thanks before breaking bread at feedings and at the Last Supper (Matt 15:36; 26:27), establishing the word's liturgical centrality — it is the root of 'Eucharist.' Paul opens nearly every epistle with thanksgiving to God. The multilingual evidence is strikingly uniform: English 'give thanks,' Spanish 'dar gracias,' French 'rendre graces,' German 'danken.' A single passive occurrence (2 Cor 1:11) rounds out the picture.
Senses
1. give thanks actively — To give thanks actively — expressing gratitude to God or another person. Spans all grammatical forms: indicative, participle, imperative, and infinitive. Used for Jesus' blessing at meals (Matt 15:36; Mark 8:6; 14:23), Paul's habitual epistolary thanksgivings (Rom 1:8; 1 Cor 1:4; Phil 1:3), and the grateful leper returning to Jesus (Luke 17:16). Every major translation language converges: 'doy gracias' (Spanish), 'rendre graces' (French), 'danken' (German), confirming a single unified active sense across 37 occurrences. 37×
AR["أنْ-نَشْكُرَ","أَشكُرُ","أَشْكُرُ","أَشْكُرُكَ","شاكِرينَ","شاكِرًا","شَاكِرًا","شَكَرَ"]·ben["আমি-ধন্যবাদ-দিই","ধন্যবাদ-দিই","ধন্যবাদ-দিতে","ধন্যবাদ-দিয়ে"]·DE["danken","dankt"]·EN["I-give-thanks","I-thank","giving-thanks","having-given-thanks","to-give-thanks"]·FR["rendre-grâces"]·heb["בֵּרַךְ","הוֹדָה","לְהוֹדוֹת","מוֹדִים","מוֹדֶה","מוֹדֶה-אֲנִי","מוֹדֶה־אֲנִי"]·HI["धन्यवअद-देते-हुए","धन्यवअद-देन","धन्यवद-देकर","धन्यवद-देत-हुअ","धन्यवाद-देकर","धन्यवाद-देकर,","धन्यवाद-देता-हूँ","धन्यवाद-देता-हूं","मैन-धन्यवअद-देत-हुन","मैन-धन्यवअद-देत-होओन"]·ID["Aku bersyukur","Aku-bersyukur","Aku-mengucap-syukur","Bersyukur","aku-bersyukur","aku-mengucap-syukur","bersyukur","mengucap-syukur","setelah-mengucap-syukur"]·IT["rendere-grazie","ringraziare"]·jav["Kawula-ngaturaken-panuwun","Kula-matur-nuwun","Kula-ngaturaken-panuwun","Matur-nuwun-kula","Ngaturaken-sokur","kawula-ngaturaken-panuwun","kula-matur-nuwun","kula-ngaturaken-panuwun","kula-sukur","ngaturaken-panuwun","ngaturaken-sokur","ngucap-sokur","saos-sokur,","sasampunipun-matur-nuwun","sasampunipun-pamuji-sukur","sasampunipun-pamuji-sukur,","sasampunipun-saos-sokur","sasampunipun-saos-sokur,","sasampunipun-sokur,","sokur"]·KO["감사드립니다","감사하고","감사하기를","감사하노라","감사하며","감사하시고","감사한다","감사합니다"]·PT["Dar-graças","Dou-graças","dando-graças","dar-graças","de-dar-graças","dou-graças","tendo-dado-graças"]·RU["Благодарить","Благодарю","благодарив","благодарить","благодарю","благодарящие","возблагодарив","поблагодарив"]·ES["Doy-gracias","dando-gracias","dar-gracias","doy-gracias","habiendo-dado-gracias","te-doy-gracias"]·SW["Kumshukuru","Kuwashukuru","Namshukuru","Ninamshukuru","akiisha-kushukuru","akishukuru","kumshukuru","kwa-ajili-yenu","mkishukuru","nakushukuru","namshukuru","ninakushukuru","ninamshukuru"]·TR["Sukrediyorum","sukrederek","sukredip","teşekkür-ediyorum","Şükrediyorum","Şükretmeliyiz","şükrederek","şükredip","şükrediyorum","şükretmek","şükür-ederek"]·urd["شُکر-ادا-کر-کے","شُکر-کرتا-ہوں","شکر-ادا-کرکے","شکر-کر-کے","شکر-کرتا-ہوں","شکر-کرتے-ہوئے","شکر-کرنا","شکر-کرکے","شکرگزاری-کرتا-ہوں","شکرگزاری-کرنا","میں-شکر-کرتا-ہوں"]
Matt 15:36, Matt 26:27, Mark 8:6, Mark 14:23, Luke 17:16, Luke 18:11, Luke 22:17, Luke 22:19, John 6:11, John 6:23, John 11:41, Acts 27:35 (+25 more)
2. be thanked (passive) — Passive: to be thanked, or to have thanks given on one's behalf. A single occurrence in 2 Cor 1:11 where Paul envisions thanks being offered by many on his behalf for the gift of deliverance. English 'might be thanked' and Spanish 'sea agradecido' capture the passive construction, while French and German translations default to the active form, suggesting this passive usage was felt as unusual even by translators. 1×
AR["يُشكَرَ-عَلَيها"]·ben["ধন্যবাদ-দেওয়া-হয়"]·DE["danken"]·EN["might-be-thanked"]·FR["rendre-grâces"]·heb["יוֹדֶה"]·HI["धन्यवाद-दिया-जाए"]·ID["disyukuri"]·IT["ringraziare"]·jav["dipun-aturaken-panuwun"]·KO["감사할-것이다"]·PT["seja-agradecido"]·RU["благодарён-был"]·ES["sea-agradecido"]·SW["ishukuriwe"]·TR["şükredilinsin"]·urd["شکر-ادا-کیا-جائے"]
Related Senses
H0559 1. say, speak, tell (5297×)G3004 1. say, tell, speak (2226×)H1696 1. speak, say, tell (Piel) (1105×)H7121 1. call, summon, name (575×)H6680 1. command, order, charge (483×)H6030b 1. answer, respond, reply (289×)G2980 1. speak, talk (277×)H5046 1. Hifil: to tell, report (237×)G0611 1. answer or respond verbally (232×)H1288 1. Piel: bless, invoke blessing (227×)H7650 1. swear, take an oath (Niphal) (154×)H3789 1. Qal passive participle: written, recorded (112×)H1984b 1. praise, laud (Piel) (111×)H7592 1. ask, inquire, question (96×)H3034 1. give thanks, praise (Hifil) (94×)G1321 1. teach, instruct actively (92×)H3789 2. Qal active: write, compose (89×)G1125 1. to write, compose (a letter or document) (84×)H5046 2. Hifil: to declare, proclaim (79×)H7892a 1. song, musical composition (78×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
εὐχᾰριστ-έω, bestow a favour on, oblige, τῷ δήμῳ τῷ Δηλίων Refs 3rd c.BC+; τινι Refs 3rd c.BC+ __2 to be thankful, return thanks, Decrees cited in Refs 4th c.BC+; τοῖς Αθηναίοις Refs 2nd c.BC+; ἐπί τινι or περί τινος for a thing, Refs 2nd c.BC+; especially to the gods, ἐπὶ τῷ ἐρρῶσθαί σε τοῖς θεοῖς εὐ. NT+2nd c.BC+:—passive, to be thanked, ηὐχαρίστηται κεραυνοῖς Refs 5th c.BC+; to be received with thanks, NT __3 pray, τῷ θεῷ περί τινος Refs 4th c.AD+