ἐργᾰσ-ία G2039
Work, business, trade, profit; productive labor or effort directed toward gain or a practical end.
Ergasia covers the full spectrum from physical labor to commercial enterprise and the profit it yields. In Acts, the word appears in vivid economic contexts: a slave girl's divination brought her owners much ergasia ('profit,' Acts 16:16, 19), and Demetrius the silversmith rallied fellow craftsmen by warning that their ergasia ('business/trade,' Acts 19:24-25) was under threat. Luke 12:58 uses it for the effort one should exert to settle a dispute on the way to court. Paul employs it in Ephesians 4:19 for the 'working' or 'practice' of impurity, where Spanish renders it 'práctica'—highlighting the word's extension from economic labor to moral activity.
Senses
1. sense 1 — Profit or gain derived from a commercial enterprise. In Acts 16:16 and 16:19 the word denotes the revenue a slave girl's divination generated for her owners, and in Acts 19:24 it refers to the considerable income Demetrius's silver shrine trade produced. English and Spanish glosses ('profit,' 'ganancia') confirm the emphasis on financial return rather than the labor itself. 3×
AR["رِبحًا", "رِبحِ", "رِبْحًا"]·ben["ব্যবসা", "ব্যবসায়", "ব্যবসার"]·DE["ἐργασίαν", "ἐργασίας"]·EN["business", "profit"]·FR["travail"]·heb["עֲבוֹדָה", "רִוְחָם", "רֶוַח"]·HI["कमाई", "कमाई-की"]·ID["pekerjaan", "penghasilan"]·IT["lavoro"]·jav["pakaryan"]·KO["수익을", "수익의"]·PT["lucro", "lucro;"]·RU["доход", "дохода", "заработок;"]·ES["ganancia"]·SW["faida"]·TR["kazanç", "kazançlarının"]·urd["کاروبار", "کمائی"]
2. sense 2 — The active practice or working of something, extended from physical craft to moral conduct. In Ephesians 4:19, Paul describes Gentiles who have given themselves over to the ergasia of impurity—Spanish 'práctica' and English 'working' both capture this sense of deliberate, sustained engagement in an activity rather than a single act. 1×
AR["عَمَلِ"]·ben["অভ্যাস-র"]·DE["ἐργασίαν"]·EN["working"]·FR["travail"]·heb["עֲשִׂיַת"]·HI["कअम"]·ID["praktik"]·IT["ergasian"]·jav["pakaryan"]·KO["일을"]·PT["prática"]·RU["делания"]·ES["práctica"]·SW["kufanya"]·TR["-e-"]·urd["کاروبار"]
3. sense 3 — Effort or diligence applied toward achieving a specific outcome. Luke 12:58 urges the listener to 'give effort' (dos ergasian, echoing the Latin da operam) to be released from an adversary on the way to the magistrate. The focus falls on earnest exertion rather than on trade or profit. 1×
AR["جُهْدًا"]·ben["পরিশ্রম"]·DE["ἐργασίαν"]·EN["effort"]·FR["travail"]·heb["עֲבוֹדָה"]·HI["कोशिश"]·ID["dengan-sungguh-sungguh"]·IT["ergasian"]·jav["panggaweyan"]·KO["수고를"]·RU["старание"]·ES["esfuerzo"]·SW["bidii"]·TR["çaba"]·urd["کوشش"]
4. sense 4 — A trade, business, or craft viewed as an ongoing occupation. In Acts 19:25, Demetrius gathers those whose livelihood depends on the same line of work. Spanish 'negocio' and English 'business' highlight the occupational rather than strictly monetary dimension, distinguishing this from sense 1's focus on profit. 1×
AR["الصِّنَاعَةِ"]·ben["ব্যবসায়ের"]·DE["ἐργασίας"]·EN["business"]·FR["travail"]·heb["עֲבוֹדָה"]·HI["व्यापार"]·ID["usaha"]·IT["lavoro"]·jav["pakaryan"]·KO["직업으로부터"]·PT["atividade"]·RU["ремесла"]·ES["negocio"]·SW["biashara"]·TR["işten"]·urd["کاروبار"]
Related Senses
H5414 1. give, bestow (1855×)H3947 1. take, seize, grasp (Qal) (940×)G2192 1. possess / have (680×)G1325 1. give, bestow (336×)H5159 1. inherited land or property (170×)G2309 1. want, desire (166×)G2983 1. receive, obtain (134×)G0025 1. to love actively (133×)H3423 1. Qal: take possession of land (130×)H0157 1. love (verb, active Qal) (129×)H8055 1. Qal: rejoice, be glad (123×)H7453 1. neighbor, fellow man (120×)G0026 1. of love (115×)G2983 2. take, take up (113×)H1058 1. Qal: to weep, cry (112×)H0954 1. to be ashamed, feel shame (Qal) (95×)G2398 1. one's own, belonging to oneself (91×)H8057 1. joy, gladness, delight (90×)G3860 1. hand over, deliver to custody (78×)H7998 1. spoil, plunder, booty (74×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
ἐργᾰσ-ία, Ionic dialect -ιη, Cretan dialect ϝεργασία Refs work, business, Refs, etc.; opposed to ἀργία, Refs 5th c.BC+ productive labour, Refs 5th c.BC+ if no work was done, Refs 4th c.BC+ with infinitive, Latin da operam ut.., NT.Luke.12.58, compare Refs 6th c.BC+ __2 function, Refs 2nd c.AD+. __II working at, making, manufacture, ἱματίων, ὑποδημάτων, etc., Refs 6th c.BC+; making up of a…