ἐπιτίθημι G2007
To lay or place upon; by extension, to add, impose, or attack
Built from 'epi' (upon) and 'tithemi' (place), this verb's core image is physical placement -- hands laid on the sick for healing (Matt 9:18; Mark 16:18) or on believers for the Spirit's bestowal (Acts 8:17). From this concrete gesture, the word extends to the imposition of burdens (Matt 23:4) and, in Revelation 22:18, to adding plagues upon those who tamper with prophecy. A sharper edge appears when robbers 'lay hands on' the traveler in Luke 10:30, and in Acts 18:10 where the Lord promises no one will 'attack' Paul. Spanish and French renderings ('imponer/imposer') preserve the Latin sense of placing-upon across all three uses.
2. add to, impose further — An extended sense of adding or imposing something further onto what already exists. Revelation 22:18 uses it twice in the warning that God will 'add' plagues to anyone who adds to the book's words. Spanish 'anadir/anadira' and the shift from physical 'placing' to quantitative 'adding' mark a clear metaphorical extension from the core spatial meaning. 2×
AR["زادَ","سَيَزيدُ"]·ben["যোগ-করবেন","যোগ-করে"]·DE["auflegen"]·EN["adds","will-add"]·FR["imposer"]·heb["יוֹסִיף"]·HI["उन-पर","पर"]·ID["akan-menambah","menambah"]·IT["epithē","epithēsei"]·jav["Gusti-Allah-badhe-nambah","nambah"]·KO["더하실-것이다","더한다면"]·PT["acrescentar","acrescentará"]·RU["приложит"]·ES["añada","añadirá"]·SW["ataongeza"]·TR["eklerse","ekleyecek"]·urd["بڑھائے","بڑھائے-گا"]
▼ 2 more senses below
Senses
1. lay/place upon — The dominant physical sense: placing or laying something upon a person or object. The laying on of hands for healing (Matt 9:18; 19:13, 15), ordination (Acts 6:6; 13:3), and the Spirit (Acts 8:17; 19:6) forms the theological core. Burdens placed on shoulders (Matt 23:4) and a name bestowed (Mark 3:16) extend the image. Spanish 'imponer/poner' and German 'auflegen' mirror the straightforward placement. 35×
AR["أَعْطاهُما","أَعْطى","واضِعًا","وَاضِعًا","وَضَعوا","وَضَعَ","وَضَعُوا","وَضَعُوهُ","يَضَعَ"]·ben["দিলেন","রাখকারীরা","রাখছিল","রাখতে","রাখল","রাখলেন","রাখিয়া","রাখে","রাখেন","রেখে","লাগিয়ে-দিলেন"]·DE["auflegen","legt-auf"]·EN["having-laid","having-laid-on","he-laid","he-lay","he-placed-upon","he-put","he-should-lay-on","laying","placed-on","they-laid","they-put","they-were-laying"]·FR["imposer"]·heb["הֵנִיחַ","הֵנִיחוּ","יָשִׂים","שָׂם","שָׂמ-וּ","שָׂמוּ"]·HI["उन्हें","रखकर","रखते-थे","रखते-हुए","रखा","रखी","रखे","हाथ"]·ID["Dia-meletakkan","Ia-meletakkan","Ia-memberi","meletakkan","menaruh","mereka-menaruh","setelah-meletakkan"]·IT["imporre","porre-sopra"]·jav["dipunpasang","kanthi-numpangaken","mapanaken,","maringi-jeneng","masangaken","numpangaken","sasampunipun-numpangaken"]·KO["놓으셨다","붙이셨다","씬웠다","안수하고","얹고","얹기를","얹어서","얹었다","얹으셨다","얹으시고","얹으시도록","얹은"]·PT["colocaram","impunham","impusesse","pondo","ponha","puseram","pôs","tendo-imposto","tendo-posto"]·RU["возлагали","возлагая,","возложив","возложившего","возложил","возложили","дал","положил","поместили"]·ES["habiendo-puesto","imponían","ponga","poniendo","pusiera","pusieron","pusieron-sobre","puso"]·SW["-","akamwekea","akaweka","akimwekea","akiwawekea","akiweka","alimwekea","aliwawekea","aliweka","amwekee","juu-yao","wakamvika","wakiweka","waliiweka","waliwawekea","waliweka"]·TR["koyan","koyanlar","koyarak","koydu","koydular","koysun","koyup","ona"]·urd["رکھ-کر","رکھ-کر-","رکھا","رکھتے-تھے","رکھتے-ہوئے","رکھے","لگایا","ہاتھ-رکھ-کر"]
Matt 9:18, Matt 19:13, Matt 19:15, Matt 21:7, Matt 23:4, Matt 27:29, Matt 27:37, Mark 3:16, Mark 3:17, Mark 5:23, Mark 6:5, Mark 7:32 (+23 more)
3. inflict upon, attack — An aggressive sense: to lay hands on someone violently, to assault or attack. In Luke 10:30, robbers 'set upon' the traveler, and in Acts 18:10 the Lord assures Paul that no one will 'attack' him. Spanish 'atacara' (will attack) and the hostile framing distinguish this clearly from the benevolent laying on of hands in sense 1. 2×
AR["أَوْقَعوا","يَقَعُ-عَلَى"]·ben["আক্রমণ-করবে","লাগিয়ে"]·DE["legt-auf"]·EN["having-laid-on","will-attack"]·FR["imposer"]·heb["הֵנִיחוּ","לֹא-יָשִׂים"]·HI["लगाकर","हाथ-डालेगा"]·ID["akan-menyerang","memberikan"]·IT["imporre","porre-sopra"]·jav["maringi","nyerang"]·KO["공격하지-못하리라","때리고"]·RU["нанеся","не-нападёт"]·ES["atacará","poniéndole"]·SW["atakushambulia","wakimtia"]·TR["saldıracak","vurduktan-sonra"]·urd["حملہ-کرے-گا","لگا-کر"]
BDB / Lexicon Reference
ἐπιτίθημι, passive mostly furnished by ἐπίκειμαι: active, lay, put or place upon, of offerings laid on the altar, ἐπὶ μηρία θέντες Ἀπόλλωνι Refs 8th c.BC+; set meats on the table, εἴδατα πόλλ᾽ ἐπιθεῖσα Refs 8th c.BC+; πάντ᾽ ἐπιθεῖτε on the car, Refs 8th c.BC+; τινὶ κύρτον καὶ κώπαν, as a grave-monument, Refs 7th c.BC+: but also c.genitive, ἐ. λεχέων τινά Refs 8th c.BC+; κεφαλὴν ἐπὶ στέρνα τινός…