δεσμ-εύω G1195
to bind, tie up, or put in chains, either literally or figuratively
This verb describes the act of binding or tying, whether with ropes, chains, or other restraints. It can apply to binding sheaves of grain, shackling prisoners, or metaphorically to imposing burdens. Jesus condemns the scribes and Pharisees for binding 'heavy burdens' on people's shoulders while refusing to help carry them. The Gerasene demoniac had often been bound with chains but broke them. Paul was bound and dragged away during persecution. The term evokes confinement, restraint, and the imposition of control.
Senses
1. sense 1 — Matthew 23:4 condemns religious leaders who 'bind heavy burdens' on others. Luke 8:29 describes the demoniac who had often been 'bound with chains and shackles.' Acts 22:4 records Paul's testimony that he 'bound and delivered to prison' both men and women. The multilingual glosses are consistent—Spanish 'atan/atando/era atado,' French 'lier,' German preserving Greek forms. The contexts range from literal physical restraint (chains on the demoniac) to metaphorical burden-imposing (Pharisaic legalism) to religious persecution (Paul's pre-conversion activity). 3×
AR["قُيِّدَ", "مُقَيِّدًا", "يَربِطونَ"]·ben["তারা-বাঁধে", "বন্ধনকারী", "বাঁধা-হত"]·DE["δεσμεύουσιν", "δεσμεύων", "ἐδεσμεύετο"]·EN["binding", "he-was-bound", "they-bind"]·FR["lier"]·heb["כּוֹבֵל", "נִאֱסַר", "קוֹשְׁרִים"]·HI["बाँधते-हुए", "बांधते-हैं", "बांधा-जाता-था"]·ID["ia-dibelenggu", "mengikat", "mereka-mengikat"]·IT["incatenare"]·jav["dipun-ranthe", "nalèni", "ngiket"]·KO["묶는다", "묶여졌다", "묶으며"]·PT["era-preso"]·RU["связывали", "связывают", "связывая"]·ES["atan", "atando", "era-atado"]·SW["alifungwa", "lakini", "nikifunga"]·TR["bağlanıyordu,", "bağlayarak", "bağlıyorlar"]·urd["باندھا-جاتا-تھا", "باندھتے-ہوئے", "باندھتے-ہیں"]
Related Senses
G0846 1. third-person pronoun reference (5552×)H???? 1. (4670×)H6213a 1. do, perform, act (2383×)G4160 1. do, act, perform (473×)H5221 1. Hifil: to strike in battle, smite enemies (362×)H0899b 1. garment, article of clothing (216×)H6213a 2. make, construct, fabricate (148×)H3772 1. cut a covenant / make a pact (97×)H5060 1. touch physically (Qal) (96×)H3615 1. complete a task (Piel) (85×)H3772 2. cut off / destroy (Hifil causative) (81×)H3920 1. capture, seize (Qal) (76×)H???? 12. (76×)H3772 3. be cut off / be eliminated (Niphal) (74×)H6213a 3. be done, be made (Niphal) (73×)G4160 2. make, construct, create (62×)H3847 1. Qal: put on, wear (60×)H8210 1. pour out (liquid/libation) (59×)G2440 1. garment or clothing (general) (54×)H4191 4. kill / put to death (Hifil causative) (50×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
δεσμ-εύω, fetter, put in chains, Refs 5th c.BC+; tie together, as corn in the sheaf, Refs 8th c.BC+; χόρτον Refs 3rd c.AD+; δ. ἔκ τινος bind fast to.., Refs 2nd c.BC+ __II lay snares for, LXX