γεωργ-ός G1092
A farmer, tenant farmer, or vinedresser who works agricultural land, especially in vineyard parables and wisdom sayings
Georgos combines ge ('earth') and ergon ('work') to denote one who tills the ground. In the New Testament, it appears overwhelmingly in the Synoptic vineyard parables (Matt 21, Mark 12, Luke 20), where tenant farmers lease a vineyard from an absent owner and violently reject his servants and son — an allegory for Israel's rejection of the prophets and Christ. John 15:1 elevates the metaphor: the Father is the georgos tending the true vine. Outside the parables, the word takes on a more general agricultural sense in James 5:7 and 2 Timothy 2:6, where the patient, hardworking farmer models faithful endurance.
Senses
1. tenant farmer, vinedresser — A tenant farmer or vinedresser working leased land, particularly a vineyard. Dominates the Synoptic vineyard parables (Matt 21:33-41, Mark 12:1-9, Luke 20:9-16), where the georgoi are lessees who owe the landlord a share of the produce. Spanish 'labradores' and German 'Weingärtner' (vine-dresser) both reflect the vineyard context. In John 15:1, the Father himself is called the georgos who prunes branches for greater fruitfulness — the supreme vinedresser of the true vine. 17×
AR["-كَرَّامُ", "الكَرَّامونَ", "الكَرَّامينَ", "فَلّاحونَ", "فَلّاحينَ", "كَرَّامينَ", "لِفَلّاحينَ", "لِكَرَّامينَ"]·ben["আলোচনা-করল", "এই", "চাষিদের", "চাষিরা", "চাষী", "চাষীদের", "চাষীরা", "দাস", "দূরে-গেল", "শূন্য-হাতে"]·DE["Bauer", "Weingärtner"]·EN["farmers", "tenants", "to-farmers", "to-tenants", "vinedresser"]·FR["vigneron"]·heb["הַ-כֹרְמִים", "כֹּרְמִים", "כֹּרֵם", "כֹרְמִים", "כּוֹרְמִים", "לְ-כֹרְמִים", "לְ-כוֹרְמִים"]·HI["किसान", "किसानों", "किसानों-का", "किसानों-के", "किसानों-को", "किसानों-ने"]·ID["kepada-petani", "kepada-petani-petani", "pengusaha-kebun", "petani-petani"]·IT["frutto"]·jav["dhateng-tani-tani", "dhateng-tiyang-tani,", "juru-tani", "petani", "tani-tani", "tiyang-tani"]·KO["농부들", "농부들-에게", "농부들에게", "농부들에게서", "농부들은", "농부들을", "농부들이", "농부이시다"]·PT["a-lavradores", "a-lavradores,", "agricultor", "lavradores", "lavradores,"]·RU["виноградарей", "виноградари", "виноградарь", "виноградарям", "виноградарям,"]·ES["a-labradores", "labrador", "labradores"]·SW["-", "ambao", "kupokea", "kwa-wakulima", "mkulima", "wakati", "wakulima", "wale", "walipomwona"]·TR["çiftçi", "çiftçiler", "çiftçilere", "çiftçileri", "çiftçilerin"]·urd["باغبان", "باغبانوں", "باغبانوں-کو", "باغبانوں-کے", "کاشتکاروں-سے", "کاشتکاروں-نے", "کاشتکاروں-کو", "کاشتکاروں-کے", "کسانوں", "کسانوں-نے", "کسانوں-کو"]
Matt 21:33, Matt 21:34, Matt 21:35, Matt 21:38, Matt 21:40, Matt 21:41, Mark 12:1, Mark 12:2, Mark 12:2, Mark 12:7, Mark 12:9, Luke 20:9 (+5 more)
2. farmer — A farmer in the general agricultural sense, one who cultivates land for crops without the specific vineyard or tenant relationship. Paul uses it in 2 Timothy 2:6, where the hardworking farmer deserves the first share of the harvest — a metaphor for ministerial labor. James 5:7 presents the farmer waiting patiently for rain and precious fruit as a model for believers awaiting the Lord's return. Spanish 'labrador' and German 'Bauer' both convey this broader agricultural meaning. 2×
AR["الفَلّاحُ"]·ben["কৃষক", "কৃষককে"]·DE["Bauer"]·EN["farmer"]·FR["vigneron"]·heb["אִכָּר"]·HI["किसअन-को", "किसान"]·ID["petani"]·IT["geōrgon", "geōrgos"]·jav["juru-tani", "tani"]·KO["농부-가", "농부가"]·PT["lavrador"]·RU["земледелец", "земледельцу"]·ES["labrador"]·SW["mkulima"]·TR["çiftçi", "çiftçinin"]·urd["کسان", "کسان-کو"]
Related Senses
H3754 1. vineyard, cultivated grape plot (92×)H0730 1. cedar tree or wood (73×)H1612 1. vine, grapevine (55×)H3293a 1. forest, wood, thicket (55×)H5560 1. fine flour (53×)H5193 1. plant vegetation (48×)H2232 1. sow seed, plant crops (41×)H1715 1. grain, cereal crop (40×)H7114b 1. reap, harvest grain (36×)H2132 1. olive tree (34×)H8184 1. barley (34×)H2406 1. wheat (grain crop) (30×)H7070 1. reed, cane (plant) (30×)H7848 1. acacia (28×)H8328 1. root of a plant (28×)H8384 1. fig tree (25×)H5488 1. reeds, rushes (in 'Sea of Reeds') (24×)G0290 1. a vineyard (23×)G2325 1. reap, harvest a crop (21×)G4687 1. sow seed, plant (21×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
γεωργ-ός, όν, (γῆ, ἔργον) tilling the ground, βοίδιον Refs 5th c.BC+; fertilizing, Νεῖλος Refs 4th c.AD+ —as substantive, γεωργός, ὁ, husbandman, Refs 5th c.BC+; οἱ γ., opposed to οἱ μισθαρνοῦντες, Refs 4th c.BC+; but γ., opposed to ὁ δεσπότης τοῦ χωρίου, Refs; so of vine-dressers, gardeners, etc., Refs 5th c.BC+; γ. ὄχλος the peasantry, Refs 1st c.BC+; γ. βίος probably in Refs 5th c.BC+