ἅρμα G0716
harma -- chariot; a wheeled vehicle drawn by horses, used for travel or war
The neuter noun harma ('chariot') denotes a horse-drawn wheeled vehicle, covering the full range from war-chariots to racing-chariots to travelling-carriages. In classical Greek it could also metonymically refer to the team of horses themselves. The New Testament's four occurrences split between two vivid scenes: in Acts 8:28-38, the Ethiopian eunuch is reading Isaiah while riding in his chariot on the Gaza road, and Philip runs alongside, climbs in, and baptizes him -- here harma is a travelling carriage. In Rev 9:9, the sound of the demonic locusts' wings is compared to 'the sound of chariots' rushing to battle -- evoking the war-chariot tradition. Spanish carro, French char, and German Streitwagen all reflect the vehicular core meaning.
Senses
1. sense 1 — A horse-drawn wheeled vehicle, encompassing both the travelling-chariot (as in Acts 8:28-29, 38, where the Ethiopian eunuch rides and reads Scripture on the road to Gaza) and the war-chariot evoked in apocalyptic imagery (Rev 9:9, where the noise of demonic locusts is likened to chariots charging into battle). German Streitwagen ('battle-wagon') highlights the martial connotation prominent in classical usage, while Spanish carro and French char cover the broader vehicular sense. The word's classical breadth -- racing, travelling, warring -- is narrowed in the NT to these two specific narrative contexts. 4×
AR["المَرْكَبَةِ", "مَرْكَبَاتِ", "مَرْكَبَةُ", "مَرْكَبَةِ"]·ben["রথ", "রথের"]·DE["Streitwagen", "ἅρμα", "ἅρματι", "ἅρματος"]·EN["chariot", "of-chariots"]·FR["char"]·heb["מֶרְכָּבָה", "מֶרְכָּבוֹת"]·HI["रथ", "रथों"]·ID["kereta", "kereta-kereta"]·IT["armatōn", "carro"]·jav["kreta", "kreta.", "kretanipun"]·KO["병거-를", "병거-에", "병거-의", "병거들-의"]·PT["carro", "de-carros"]·RU["колесниц", "колеснице", "колесницу"]·ES["carro", "de-carros"]·SW["gari", "ya-magari"]·TR["araba", "arabasının", "arabaya", "savaş-arabalarının"]·urd["رتھ", "رثوں-کی"]
Related Senses
H2719 1. sword, weapon of war (410×)H4196 1. altar (place of sacrifice) (403×)H7393 1. chariot, chariotry (117×)H7198 1. bow (weapon) (72×)H7979 1. table (71×)H7782 1. ram's horn trumpet (69×)H4294 2. staff, rod, scepter (63×)H4043 1. shield, defensive weapon (60×)H0646 1. ephod (priestly garment) (49×)H8504 1. blue (violet-blue yarn/fabric) (49×)H2595 1. spear, lance (48×)H2671 1. arrow, projectile weapon (46×)H4818 1. chariot, war-chariot (44×)H3658 1. lyre, harp (stringed instrument) (42×)H1537 1. Gilgal (place name) (41×)H0713 1. purple (fabric/dye) (38×)H0905 3. poles, staves (37×)H7392 1. Qal participle: rider, charioteer (37×)H4501 1. cultic lampstand (menorah) (36×)H0212 1. wheel (35×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
ἅρμα, ατος, τό, chariot, especially war-chariot, Refs 8th c.BC+; opposed to ἁρμάμαξα (which see); also, racing-chariot drawn by horses, opposed to ὄχημα (a mule-car), Refs 5th c.BC+; travelling-chariot, NT __2 chariot and horses, yoked chariot, Refs 8th c.BC+; ἅ. τετράορον, τέτρωρον, Refs 5th c.BC+ of three goddesses, Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 team, chariot-horses, ἅρμασιν ἐνδίδωσι κέντρονRefs 5th…