ἀνυπό-τακτος G0506
insubordinate, unruly, not subject to authority; also 'not yet subjected' in a cosmic sense
Composed of the privative alpha and hypotasso ('to subject, arrange under'), this adjective describes what is not placed under authority. It appears in two distinct registers. In the Pastoral Epistles, it characterizes rebellious people: the lawless and insubordinate (1 Tim 1:9), children who are unruly (Titus 1:6), and the many who are rebellious and deceptive (Titus 1:10). Hebrews 2:8, however, uses it in a cosmic-eschatological sense — quoting Psalm 8, the author notes that 'nothing was left not subjected' to humanity, yet 'we do not yet see everything subjected.' German and French both render it 'ungehorsam' (disobedient), while Spanish 'insubordinado' captures the defiance.
Senses
1. sense 1 — Insubordinate, unruly, rebellious — describing persons who refuse to submit to rightful authority. First Timothy 1:9 lists the 'insubordinate' (eng 'insubordinate,' spa 'insubordinados') alongside the lawless; Titus 1:6 requires that elders' children not be accused of being unruly; Titus 1:10 warns of 'many who are rebellious.' German 'ungehorsam' and French cognates emphasize disobedience as the defining trait. 4×
AR["الْمُتَمَرِّدينَ", "غَيْرَ-خَاضِعٍ", "مُتَمَرِّدونَ", "مُتَمَرِّدينَ"]·ben["অনধীন", "অবাধ্য", "অবাধ্যদের,"]·DE["ungehorsam"]·EN["insubordinate", "not-subjected"]·FR["ungehorsam"]·heb["בִּלְתִּי-מֻכְנָע", "לְ-סוֹרְרִים", "סוֹרְרִים"]·HI["अधीन-न-किया", "अवग्य,", "अवग्य.", "विद्रोहियोन"]·ID["tidak-tunduk", "tidak-tunduk,", "tidak-tunduk.", "yang-memberontak"]·IT["anupotakta", "anupotaktoi", "anupotaktois", "anupotakton"]·jav["mbangkang,", "mboten-manut", "mboten-manut,", "mboten-manut."]·KO["복종치-않는", "불순종하는-자들", "불순종하는-자들이", "불순종한,"]·PT["insubordinados", "insubordinados,", "insubordinados.", "não-sujeito"]·RU["неподчинённым", "непокорные", "непокорным", "непокорных"]·ES["insubordinados", "no-sujeto"]·SW["kisichowekwa-chini", "waasi"]·TR["itaatsiz.", "itaatsizler,", "itaatsizlere", "tabi-olmayan"]·urd["سرکش", "غیر-ماتحت", "نافرمانوں"]
Related Senses
H8104 1. Qal: keep, observe (law/covenant) (399×)G3101 1. disciple, learner (263×)H5826 1. Qal: to help, aid (53×)H8334 1. to minister, serve (52×)H8334 2. minister, servant, attendant (46×)G5083 1. observe or obey commands (41×)H8104 2. Niphal: beware, take heed (34×)G1247 1. to serve or minister to (32×)H3256 1. discipline, chastise (Piel active) (27×)H5833 1. help, aid, assistance (26×)H8104 3. Qal: watch, look out (26×)H5341 1. keep, observe (commandments) (24×)G5083 2. guard or protect someone (23×)H5647 2. serve, minister to (a person) (21×)H5826 2. Qal participle: helper (21×)G5219 1. obey, be obedient to (20×)H5341 2. guard, protect, preserve (a person) (20×)G1398 1. serve, render service to (19×)H5828 1. help, assistance (19×)H5411 1. Nethinim, temple servants (18×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
ἀνυπό-τακτος, ον, of persons or things, not made subject, τινίNT+1st c.AD+; unrestrained, free, Refs 1st c.AD+ __2 not to be classified under heads, confused, Refs 2nd c.BC+; irregular, ποιήματα, of dithyrambs, Refs 2nd c.BC+ __II of persons, independent, Refs 2nd c.AD+; in bad sense, unruly, NT. adverb -τως impatiently, Refs 5th c.AD+ __III of Verbs, having no first aorist, Refs