ἀνακρίνω G0350
To examine closely, interrogate judicially, or call to account; discerning truth, conducting legal inquiry, or exercising evaluative judgment
Anakrino carries the precision of a Greek courtroom into the New Testament's spiritual vocabulary. Luke uses it for Pilate's formal judicial examination of Jesus (Luke 23:14) and for Roman magistrates interrogating apostles (Acts 4:9, 24:8). But Paul transforms the term: the spiritual person 'examines all things' yet is examined by no one (1 Cor 2:15), and the Bereans were commended for examining the Scriptures daily (Acts 17:11). Spanish splits the senses neatly — 'discernir' for spiritual evaluation, 'interrogar' for legal inquiry, 'juzgar' for calling to account — while French 'examiner' and 'interroger' track the same distinction.
Senses
1. discern or examine carefully — To examine carefully, discern, or evaluate — especially spiritual realities and truth claims. The Bereans examined the Scriptures daily to verify Paul's teaching (Acts 17:11). In 1 Corinthians 2:14-15, the 'natural person' cannot discern spiritual things, while the spiritual person examines all things. Also used of evaluating marketplace food without asking questions of conscience (1 Cor 10:25, 27). Spanish 'discernir' and French 'examiner' capture this investigative discernment. 7×
AR["فاحِصينَ", "يَفحَصونَ", "يَفْحَصُ", "يُفحَصُ", "يُفْحَصُ"]·ben["জিজ্ঞাসা-করে", "পরীক্ষা-করে", "বিচার-করে", "বিচার-হয়-না।", "বিচার-হয়।", "বিচারিত-হয়"]·DE["ἀνακρίνει", "ἀνακρίνεται", "ἀνακρίνοντες"]·EN["examines", "examining", "he-is-examined", "is-examined", "it-is-examined", "questioning"]·FR["examiner"]·heb["בָּחֵן", "חוֹקְרִים", "נִבְחָן", "נִבְחָנָה", "נִחְקָר"]·HI["जाँचता-है", "जाँचते-हुए", "जाँचा-जाता-है"]·ID["diselidiki", "ia-dihakimi", "menyelidiki"]·IT["esaminare"]·jav["kauji.", "naliti", "nguji", "nliti", "piyambakipun-dipun-teliti"]·KO["묻지-말라", "분별되지-않는다", "분별된다", "분별한다", "살펴보며", "심리받고"]·PT["discerne", "questionando", "se-discerne", "é-discernido", "é-julgado"]·RU["исследует", "исследуется", "исследуя", "не-исследуется", "расспрашивая"]·ES["discierne", "es-discernido", "es-examinado", "examinando", "preguntando", "se-disciernen"]·SW["anahukumiwa", "anahukumu", "bila-kuuliza", "hahukumiwi.", "wakiyachunguza", "yanahukumiwa."]·TR["ayırt eder", "ayırt edilir", "ayırt edilmez", "inceleyerek", "sorgulamayarak", "sorgulanır", "yüzünden-"]·urd["جانچا-جاتا-نہیں", "جانچا-جاتا-ہے", "جانچتا-ہے", "جانچتے-ہوئے", "جانچی-جاتی-ہے"]
2. investigate or interrogate judicially — To interrogate or investigate judicially — a formal legal examination. Pilate formally examined Jesus and found no fault (Luke 23:14); the apostles were interrogated by the Sanhedrin (Acts 4:9); Felix directed accusers to examine Paul (Acts 24:8); Herod interrogated the guards after Peter's escape (Acts 12:19). Spanish 'interrogar/examinar' and French 'interroger' reflect the forensic register inherited from classical Attic legal usage. 6×
AR["إِذا-فَحَصْتَ", "المُحاكِمينَ", "فَاحِصًا", "فَحَصوني", "فَحَصْتُ", "نُحَاكَمُ"]·ben["জিজ্ঞাসাকারীদের", "জিজ্ঞাসাবাদ-করে", "জিজ্ঞাসিত-হচ্ছি", "পরীক্ষা-করিয়া", "বিচার-করে"]·DE["ἀνακρίναντές", "ἀνακρίνας", "ἀνακρίνουσίν", "ἀνακρινόμεθα"]·EN["are-being-examined", "examining", "having-examined"]·FR["examiner", "interroger"]·heb["הַ-חוֹקְרִים", "חָקְרוּנִי", "חָקַר", "חוֹקֵר", "נֶחְקָרִים"]·HI["जाँचकर", "जाँचने-वालों", "जांचकर", "पूछे-जाते-हैं"]·ID["diperiksa,", "memeriksa"]·IT["anakrinas", "esaminare"]·jav["dipun-dadosaken-prakawis,", "madosi", "mriksa", "ndadosaken", "nitiliki", "nyobi"]·KO["심문-받는다면", "심문하고", "심문하는-자들-에게", "심문하여"]·PT["questionando", "somos-interrogados", "tendo-me-examinado,"]·RU["допрашиваемся,", "допросив", "исследующим", "расследовав"]·ES["habiendo-examinado", "habiéndome-examinado", "interrogando", "juzgando", "somos-interrogados"]·SW["akiwahoji", "nikavichunguza", "tunahojiwa", "ukimchunguza", "waliponiuliza", "wanaonihoji"]·TR["sorguladıktan-sonra", "sorguladım", "sorgulanıyorsak", "sorgulayan", "sorgulayanlar için", "soruşturup"]·urd["جانچ-کر", "جانچ-کر-کے", "جانچنے-والوں", "پوچھ-گچھ-کر", "پوچھے-جاتے-ہیں"]
3. judge or call to account — To judge, call to account, or subject to evaluative authority. Paul declares that it matters little to him whether he is 'examined' by the Corinthians or any human court (1 Cor 4:3), for the one who truly examines him is the Lord (1 Cor 4:4). Spanish 'juzgar' and the shift from investigative to evaluative tone mark this sense. The emphasis falls not on fact-finding but on the exercise of authority to render a verdict. 3×
AR["أُحاكِمُ", "أُحَاكَمَ", "المُحاكِمُ"]·ben["বিচার-করি।", "বিচার-হই,", "বিচারকারী"]·DE["ἀνακρίνω", "ἀνακρίνων", "ἀνακριθῶ"]·EN["I-be-examined", "I-examine", "examining"]·FR["examiner"]·heb["אֶבָּחֵן", "בּוֹחֵן", "הַבּוֹחֵן"]·HI["जाँचता-हूं", "जाँचनेवाला", "जाँचा-जाऊं"]·ID["aku-diadili", "aku-mengadili", "mengadili"]·IT["esaminare"]·jav["kauji,", "kawula-nguji.", "nguji"]·KO["심판-받으리라", "심판하는-분이", "심판한다"]·PT["julgo", "que-me-julga", "seja-julgado"]·RU["судим-был", "судящий", "сужу"]·ES["juzgando", "juzgo", "sea-juzgado"]·SW["anayenihukumu", "nihukumiwe,", "sijihukumu."]·TR["ama-", "yargılanayım", "yargılıyorum"]·urd["جانچا-جاؤں", "جانچتا-ہوں", "جانچنے-والا"]
Related Senses
H4941 1. justice, righteousness (134×)H4941 2. judgment, judicial decision (119×)H4941 3. ordinances, statutes (plural) (110×)H8199 1. to judge, adjudicate (98×)G2919 1. judge, pass judgment (76×)H8199 2. judge (person, office-holder) (61×)G2920 1. judgment / condemnation (48×)H7378 1. Qal: quarrel, contend, strive (42×)H4941 4. prescribed ordinance, regulation (34×)G1832 1. it is lawful, it is permitted (32×)G2917 1. judgment, condemnation (27×)G2919 2. be judged, stand trial (27×)H5360 1. vengeance, retribution (27×)H7378 2. Qal: plead, defend, litigate (22×)G2723 1. accuse, bring charges against (20×)G2923 1. judge (one who judges/decides) (19×)G2632 1. condemn, pass judgment against (18×)H1777 1. judge, adjudicate (18×)H1576 1. recompense, retribution (17×)H5359 1. vengeance, retribution (17×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
ἀνακρίνω, examine closely, interrogate, especially judicially, Παυσανίαν Refs 5th c.BC+; sound a person, LXX __2 inquire into, ἀ. τοὺς ἐργασαμένουςRefs 5th c.BC+; τὴν [αἰτίαν] Refs 1st c.BC+ —middle, ἀ. ποινὰ τίς ἔσται what remedy there shall be, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II examine magistrates so as to prove their qualification, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.2 of the magistrates, examine persons concerned in a…